PVC/木粉复合材料粘接用胶黏剂的选择

按照GB/T 7124—2008检测各种胶黏剂粘接的PVC/木粉复合材料胶合试件的拉伸剪切强度,通过对比筛选出粘接效果较好的胶黏剂。试验结果表明：在试验所选择的胶黏剂中环氧树脂胶黏剂、J-39丙烯酸酯胶黏剂以及乳白胶粘接强度相对较高。     

PVC/木粉复合材料胶接件拉伸剪切强度的研究

参照国家标准GB/T 7124-2008《胶粘剂拉伸剪切强度的测定（刚性材料对刚性材料）》检测PVC/木粉复合材料胶合试件的拉伸剪切强度,发现：PVC/木粉复合材料胶合试件的断裂均发生在粘接区域外的复合材料本身,因而无法比较胶黏剂的粘接强度。为了能比较胶黏剂胶接接头的粘接强度,实验中将GB/T 7124-2008中规定的试件的厚度从1.6 mm加大至4mm。实验结果表明：采用环氧树脂粘接的PVC/木粉复合材料的拉伸剪切强度值高于用J-39丙烯酸酯胶黏剂粘接的复合材料的拉伸剪切强度。     

戊二醛交联胶原水解物制备木材胶黏剂

以制革废弃物提取的胶原水解物(CH)为原料,通过戊二醛(GA)交联,合成了一种新型蛋白基胶黏剂(GCH),并研究了其粘接性能。结果表明:胶原水解物的氨基含量随戊二醛用量和反应温度的增加而降低,平均分子质量随戊二醛用量和反应温度的增加而增加,并且戊二醛与胶原水解物的氨基之间反应生成交联和支链结构,反应产物的热稳定性增加。戊二醛用量对粘接强度影响较大,而交联反应温度对粘接强度影响较小,在适当范围内提高戊二醛用量,会明显增加其粘接强度。当戊二醛用量与胶原水解物质量比为0.16,反应温度为50℃时,将该胶黏剂用于桦木的粘接,其剪切强度达到1.35MPa,是未交联胶原水解物的1.4倍,满足GB/T 9846.3-2004标准中Ⅳ类胶合板的使用要求。     

关于书刊装订用胶黏剂使用要求的分析

<正>胶黏剂作为粘接材料,在纸包装行业中得到了大量应用,改善胶黏剂在书刊装订工作中的使用方法有利于促进对胶黏剂的合理使用,进而确保书刊装订的质量。胶黏剂为粘接材料,已被广泛应用在国家生产发展的各个领域之中,特别是在纸包装行业几乎到处都有应用,主要集中在书刊装订、复合膜和标签等制作过程中。最近几年,书刊装订工作中所使用的各种胶黏剂制作     

试件胶合温度对纤维板/刨花板内结合强度测试结果的影响

以热熔胶为胶黏剂,粘接纤维板/刨花板内结合强度测试试件,对比研究粘接金属卡头和试件时不同的金属卡头温度(50℃、70℃、90℃、110℃、130℃和150℃)对内结合强度测试结果的影响.研究表明,纤维板/刨花板内结合强度测试结果随着温度的升高呈现先升后降的趋势;温度为50℃时,试件与金属卡头粘接不牢,内结合强度测定值偏...     

鞋用胶黏材料及其运用技术概述

主要介绍了我国鞋用胶黏剂的发展概况,对我国鞋用胶黏剂的分类以及主要品种的结构原理和性能特点进行了概述,从配方设计和粘接工艺两方面分析了鞋用胶黏剂的运用技术,并对鞋用胶黏剂的发展做出预期。     

新型风机叶片粘接工艺

在叶片上下半模合模过程中，叶片的前缘采用真空层压预浸料工艺替代传统的叶片胶黏剂粘接工艺，后缘在胶黏剂粘接的基础上增加后缘内包边，从而能够解决叶片常见的开裂故障。     

新型风机叶片粘接工艺

在叶片上下半模合模过程中,叶片的前缘采用真空层压预浸料工艺替代传统的叶片胶黏剂粘接工艺,后缘在胶黏剂粘接的基础上增加后缘内包边,从而能够解决叶片常见的开裂故障。     

碱性强弱对大豆蛋白胶黏剂胶合强度的影响

研究了碱性强弱对大豆蛋白胶黏剂胶合强度的影响。以自制的大豆蛋白胶黏剂为原料,采用2 mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液滴定分别制备不同pH大豆蛋白胶黏剂,并进行胶合强度的测定,以及红外光谱与DSC测试。结果表明:随着碱性增强,大豆蛋白胶黏剂的胶合强度呈先下降后升高再下降的趋势,pH 11时达到峰值;湿态胶合强度与干态胶合强度的变化趋势大体保持一致;不同pH大豆蛋白胶黏剂的红外图谱吸收峰位置大致未改变只是吸收强度发生改变,从而导致了胶合强度的改变;随着pH的增大,大豆蛋白胶黏剂的玻璃化转变温度先降低后升高;pH 10时玻璃化转变温度达到最低值76.55℃,pH 12时玻璃化转变温度达到最高值84.74℃。     

改性豆基蛋白质胶黏剂用于杨木胶合板生产初探

利用碱对豆粉进行处理,使蛋白质水解成为低聚肽,低聚肽进一步与甲醛反应生成稳定的蛋白质.这种物质可与苯酚和甲醛反应生成改性豆基蛋白质胶黏剂.采用单因素试验方法.对改性豆基蛋白质胶黏剂压制杨木胶合板的生产工艺进行了探讨.经过生产性试验证明,利用这种胶黏剂压制的胶合板的强度和抗水性可以和商业酚醛胶黏剂相媲美.这种胶黏剂豆粉的含量为63%,因而可以大幅减少木材胶黏剂用苯酚的量.     

Hydroxymethylated resorcinol (HMR) priming agent for improved bondability of wax-treated wood

The effects of hydroxymethylated resorcinol (HMR) on the tensile shear strength of wood joints treated with montan ester wax were studied with polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and melamine formaldehyde (MF) adhesives. Untreated specimens which were bonded with MF and PVAc had similar bond strength properties under dry conditions, but MF bonded specimens’ tensile shear strength values were higher than that of PVAc glued specimens under wet conditions. With both adhesives tested, dry tensile shear strengths of wax-treated specimens were in a comparable range to those of untreated wood, while under wet conditions the strength values of wax-treated specimens were significantly lower than those of the controls. HMR priming increased the shear strength of PVAc bonded specimens under wet conditions and of MF-bonded specimens under dry and wet conditions. The effect on MF-bonded specimens, however, was much more pronounced under wet conditions.     

Bonding of densified beech wood using adhesives based on thermally modified soy proteins

The bondability/glueability of aged and sanded thermo-hydro-mechanically (THM) densified beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) was tested and compared with undensified sanded beech wood as a control. THM and control specimens were bonded with five different soy protein isolate (SPI) based adhesives. Commercial SPI powder was thermally modified in the vacuum chamber at 50 or 100?°C and pH adjusted (to pH 10.0) dispersions in water prepared at 24, 50 or 90?°C. Wettability was determined with measuring the sessile drop contact angles of water. Effective penetrations (EPs) and tensile shear strengths of THM and control specimens were determined. THM and control wood had similar wettability. Although THM wood had lower moisture content than control wood, it absorbed the water more slowly than control wood. THM specimens showed lower EPs than control specimens when comparing individual adhesives due to increased density of THM wood. Adhesives prepared with SPI thermally modified at 50?°C showed statistically significantly lower tensile shear strength of bonded THM specimens than that of bonded control specimens. THM densification had no significant effect on the bonding strengths of adhesives prepared with non-modified SPI and SPI thermally modified at 100?°C.     

Failure mechanisms in wood joints bonded with urea-formaldehyde adhesives

Wood joints bonded with urea-formaldehyde (UF) are weakened by cyclic swelling and shrinking. To study the failure mechanisms in UF-bonded joints, specimens were bonded with unmodified, modified (amine), or phenol formaldehyde adhesive and subjected to accelerated aging. Modification of the adhesive properties increased the cleavage fracture toughness and shear strength of bonded joints and improved the resistance of joints to cyclic swell-shrink treatment and accelerated moist-heat aging. Joints bonded with some modified urea-formaldehyde adhesives were as resistant to these treatments as joints bonded with phenol formaldehyde. Physical and mechanical origins of the improved adhesive performance were determined by microscopic analysis. Cure-shrinkage stresses precracked unmodified adhesive layers and damaged the wood interphase. The damaged interphase was especially susceptible to the effects of cyclic swelling and shrinking stresses. Certain modifiers reduced or eliminated cure-shrinkage cracking and damage to the wood. Moist-heat aging caused molecular scission in the bulk unmodified adhesive layer as revealed by the onset of shear cracking in the adhesive layer and erosion of exposed surfaces. Certain modifiers reduced or eliminated molecular scission and erosion responsible for adhesive weakening in moist-heat aging. We conclude that incorporating flexible amines in the adhesive structure improves the durability and stability of UF-bonded joints.     

The wettability and bonding performance of densified VTC beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) bonded with phenol–formaldehyde adhesive and liquefied wood

The influence of viscoelastic thermal compression (VTC) on surface wettability and bonding performance of wood was evaluated. Low quality beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) were densified with the VTC process to different degrees of densification. Control and densified strips were bonded with phenol–formaldehyde (PF) adhesive and liquefied wood (LW). Shear strength of bonded assemblies was determined after 1 week of conditioning at 20 °C and relative humidity of 65 %. Wettability was determined on the basis of the contact angle of water, PF adhesive, and LW using the Wilhelmy method. Results showed that densification of beech and spruce wood did not significantly affect the shear strength of specimens bonded with PF adhesive. In beech assemblies bonded with LW shear strength decreased significantly with increased density, whereas in bonded spruce specimens decrease of shear strength was not significant. It was found that degree of densification and bonding process used in the study were not appropriately chosen for spruce wood specimens, since major deformations after the bonding process occurred. Wettability changed significantly after densification. Contact angle of water and LW increased after densification, whereas contact angle of PF showed inverse trend and decreased after VTC process. Furthermore, the degree of densification had a minor effect on the wettability.     

柞木弦／径切面胶合强度的试验研究

对柞木木材自身弦／径面强度及其水性高分子异氰酸酯(API)胶粘剂胶合试件弦／径面胶接强度进行了研究。结果表明:柞木木材API胶粘剂弦／径面胶合试件常态压缩剪切强度存在着差异;柞木径切面API胶合试件的常态压缩剪切强度比弦切面胶合试件的常态压缩剪切强度高;径切面API胶合试件的常态压缩剪切强度是弦切面的1.22倍;而柞木弦、径面API胶合试件的反复煮沸压缩剪切强度没有显著性的差别。柞木木材本身弦／径面顺纹抗剪强度试验结果表明:柞木木材径向的顺纹抗剪强度为14.41MPa,柞木木材弦向的顺纹抗剪强度为14.97MPa,尽管弦径向间差别不大,但经t-检验证明:柞木的弦／径向间顺纹抗剪强度有显著性的差别,柞木的径向顺纹抗剪强度比弦向顺纹抗剪强度小。     

The significance of lap-shear testing of wood adhesive bonds by means of Volkersen’s shear lag model

Lap-shear specimens of varying geometry were bonded with two different adhesives and tested. At the same time, the stress distribution along the adhesive bond lines of the examined specimens was modelled by means of Volkersen’s equation. A good agreement was found between apparent shear strength and a stress concentration factor derived from the model. Highly significant effects of adhesive stiffness were found at short overlap length and high specimen thickness.     

Properties of laboratory made yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) laminated veneer lumber: effect of the adhesives

Four different commercial resin formulations namely cross-linked polyvinyl acetate (XPVAc), melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF), urea formaldehyde (UF) and melamine formaldehyde (MF) were used to produce laminated veneer lumber (LVL) from yellow poplar veneers in the laboratory. Physical and mechanical properties were evaluated using ASTM (D 1037, D 906, D 5456) standards and compared. Internal bond, tensile shear and block shear strengths of specimens subjected to accelerated (boiled water) and cyclic (repeated cold water) conditions were also determined. Strength properties of yellow poplar LVL were improved compared with the solid wood. The properties of XPVAc bonded LVL were superior or comparable to the thermosetting adhesives. This study clearly indicated that cross-linked PVAc can be used to manufacture LVL with acceptable properties.     

Effects of cold setting adhesives on properties of laminated veneer lumber from oil palm trunks in comparison with rubberwood

In this study, the properties of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) made from oil palm trunks (OPT) were evaluated in comparison with rubberwood using cold setting adhesives, namely, emulsion polymeric isocyanate (EPI) and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc). The evaluations were based on either dry or after cold water, hot water and cyclic pre-treatment. The density of the OPT LVL was slightly higher than that of solid OPT. Thickness swelling and water absorption of OPT LVL were greater than of rubberwood LVL. Pre-treatment increased the water absorption and thickness swelling. The OPT LVL bonded with EPI without toluene showed greater water absorption and thickness swelling than EPI with toluene. Pre-treatment significantly reduced the tensile strength of OPT LVL. The OPT LVL bonded with EPI without toluene showed higher tensile shear strength, but a greater reduction of tensile shear strength after pre-treatment, than the OPT LVL bonded with EPI and toluene. The PVAc adhesive had greater wettability than the EPI. The EPI without toluene showed a lower contact angle than the EPI with toluene. The loose side of the OPT veneer was found to have greater wettability than the tight side.