建陶抛光砖废渣制备轻质外墙砖研究

以建陶抛光砖废渣为主要原料(>50%),在不加入发泡剂或成孔剂条件下,研制了以闭口气孔为主,兼具保温隔热功能的轻质建筑材料;通过优化实验研究了抛光砖废渣加入量、原料组分等对轻质材料变形情况、体积密度、孔隙率、孔结构、机械强度等的影响;制备出体积密度为0.90-1.30g/cm3,抗折强度10-15MPa的性能较好的轻质外墙砖.     

烧成工艺制度对泡沫微晶玻璃性能的影响

本文利用废玻璃粉和废陶瓷粉制备泡沫微晶玻璃,在确定配方范围的基础上,通过正交优化设计的方法,对制备泡沫微晶玻璃的烧成工艺制度进行优化,使之具有轻质、高强、低导热系数的优良性能.结果表明:烧结温度和发泡温度对泡沫微晶玻璃比强度的影响显著.确定了泡沫微晶玻璃的最优烧成工艺制度为:烧结温度1050℃,发泡温度870℃,发泡时间35 min.优化烧成工艺制度下制备泡沫微晶玻璃试样的表观密度为450 kg/m3,抗压强度为6.84 MPa,导热系数为0.045 W/(m·K),吸水率为0.1％.     

利用赤泥制备轻质高强保温装饰一体化建筑材料

利用赤泥为主要原料,添加建筑垃圾、抛光砖废料和粘土制备轻质高强保温装饰一体化建筑材料.通过改变赤泥用量、烧结温度、发泡剂添加量等条件,对样品体积密度、孔隙率、抗压强度进行了研究.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对样品物相组成和形貌进行表征.研究结果表明:赤泥用量为35%,发泡剂添加量为5%,烧结温度为1100℃时,制备样品的气孔分布均匀,孔径大小较一致,体积密度为0.26 g/cm3,孔隙率为73.28%,闭气孔率达到90.52%,抗压强度为7.83 MPa.     

硫酸镁建筑材料制备及性能研究

硫酸镁水泥具有质轻、高强、高环保以及低耗能等特点,是一种新型的胶凝材料,其在建筑领域有着重要的应用前景.本论文采用发泡技术,选用硫酸镁水泥作为主要的原材料,制备硫酸镁基轻质材料,并通过单一变量的实验方法,研究了不同的稳泡剂剂量、水灰比条件下制备的材料的力学性能以及软化系数性能,为以后的硫酸镁建筑材料的研究奠定了基础,同...     

硼泥陶粒制备工艺的优化实验研究

本文根据硼泥的化学成分设计了制备硼泥陶粒的原料比例,参考相关资料制定了陶粒的预热温度、烧结温度、烧结时间等制备工艺参数,进行基础实验.通过基础实验确定烧制硼泥陶粒的主要影响因素及适宜的工艺参数,进行正交试验,确定制备硼泥陶粒的合理原料配比和最佳的焙烧制度:预热温度450℃,焙烧温度1200℃,焙烧时间15 min.制备出硼泥陶粒试样的技术性能为:表观密度833 kg/m3,筒压强度4.7 MPa,1h吸水率2.3％,远低于吸水率≤22％的国家标准规定,既具有高强膨胀的特性,又具有极低的吸水率.     

玻化砖抛光废料制备陶粒的研究

以玻化砖抛光废料为主要原料，通过优化配方和合理的焙烧制度研制出了轻质高强陶粒，该陶粒筒压强度达7．5MPa，吸水率仅为3．8％。陶粒中玻化砖抛光废料用量达85％，可有效解决抛光砖废渣处理问题，具有良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

高强硼泥页岩陶粒的研制

对硼泥、油页岩渣、粉煤灰、粘接剂等主要原料的化学成分进行了分析,设计了制备高强硼泥页岩陶粒轻集料的配方。在试验的基础上参考相关资料制定了高强硼泥页岩陶粒轻集料制备工艺参数,并进行了不同控制温度的焙烧试验。通过基础试验确定了制备高强硼泥页岩陶粒轻集料的合理配方和最佳的焙烧制度,生产出了符合现行国家标准的高强硼泥页岩陶粒。     

利用抛光砖废料制备多孔保温建筑材料

陶瓷工业中大量的固体废料不但污染环境,而且废料的处理给生产厂家增加了成本.陶瓷废料的再利用有着广泛的前景.本文以抛光砖废料、高温砂、低温砂以及各种粘土为原料,经球磨、干燥、成形、烧成后研制了以闭口气孔为主,兼具保温隔热功能的新型轻质建筑材料.详细研究了原料组分、原料配方、各工艺参数对材料容重、孔隙率、孔结构、导热系数、机械强度等的影响.所制得的新型建筑材料其容重为0.9,抗折强度6MPa,导热系数0.23W/m · K,耐火度大于1200℃.     

粉煤灰基轻质高强材料的制备及其防水性能的研究

本研究以循环流化床粉煤灰为主要胶凝材料,以中空玻化微珠为轻质填充料,通过碱激发的原理制备出一种新型的轻质高强材料.另外,通过掺入硬脂酸钙对该材料的防水性能进行了研究.结果表明,当玻璃微珠掺量为40wt％,硬脂酸钙掺量为3wt％时,该种材料综合性能最优,对应的表观密度、28 d抗压强度和吸水率分别为650kg/m3,21.19 MPa,15.3wt％.优良的力学性能和防水性等研究表明,该材料具有广阔的应用前景.     

城市污泥-玻璃粉轻质陶粒制备及性能研究

以城市污泥为原料,配以玻璃粉为辅料制备轻质陶粒,研究了原料配比和焙烧温度对陶粒性能的影响.结果表明按污泥75％、玻璃粉25％,600℃预热30 min、1100℃焙烧并保温10 min,可以制备出符合国家标准GB/T17431-2010的600级轻质陶粒.微观结构分析表明,烧胀陶粒表面呈现高度釉化,内部断面则呈现封闭孔隙结构.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。