含氰侧基联苯型聚芳醚醚酮酮/芳醚醚酮酮共聚物的合成与表征

在无水AlCl3及N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)/1,2-二氯乙烷(DCE)复合溶剂的存在下,将2,6-二苯氧基苯甲腈(DPOBN)与4,4’-二氯甲酰基联苯(BClBP)及对苯二甲酰氯(TPC)进行三元低温共缩聚反应,合成了一系列含氰侧基联苯型聚芳醚醚酮酮/芳醚醚酮酮共聚物。用IR、DSC、TG、WAXD及元素分析等方法对其结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明,所合成的聚合物具有预期结构且均为非晶态聚合物;其玻璃化转变温(Tg)度为180~196℃,在N2气氛中热分解5%的温度(Td)为495~508℃,具有突出的耐高温性能。     

Taylor impact of polyether ether ketone

Right cylinders of the thermoplastic polyether ether ketone have been impacted onto a hardened steel anvil at velocities from 152 to 408 m s⁻¹. The resultant deformation showed the expected ‘mushrooming’ behaviour up to impact velocities of 303 m s⁻¹, before the impact face began to fracture. No evidence of brittle failure was observed, but rather a ductile process was noted. Discolouration behind the impact face gave evidence of high temperatures in this region, believed to be due to adiabatic heating as the material flowed across the impact face. The concave nature of the impact face after recovery showed that the material had relaxed after the loading had been removed, mostly likely due to the viscoplastic nature of the material.     

含联苯聚芳醚砜醚酮酮无规共聚物的合成与表征

以新合成的含联苯芳醚单体4,4'-二(4-联苯氧基)二苯砜(BBPOPS)与4,4'-二-苯氧基二苯砜(DPODPS)、对苯二甲酰氯(TPC)为单体,以路易斯酸无水三氯化铝(AlCl3)为催化剂进行三元共缩聚,制备了大分子主链含联苯结构的聚芳醚砜醚酮酮(PESEKK)无规共聚物.通过核磁共振仪、红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪、广角X射线衍射和紫外-可见分光光度计等分析方法表征了PESEKK无规共聚物的结构与性能.实验结果表明,在大分子主链引入联苯结构能提高PESEKK无规共聚物的耐热性,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)高于189℃,且Tg随着共聚物中联苯结构含量的增加而升高;PESEKK无规共聚物为非晶态结构,其热分解温度(Td)为544℃,具有优异的热性能.无规共聚物可溶解于二甲基亚砜、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、氯仿等有机溶剂,并可涂膜制得柔韧性薄膜,薄膜拉伸强度大于84 MPa,弹性模量大于1.89 GPa,力学性能较好.     

含1,4-萘基氯化聚芳醚酮酮无规共聚物的合成与性能

以无水AlCl3为催化剂、ClCH2CH2Cl和NMP(N,N-二甲基吡咯烷酮)为复合溶剂,由二苯醚(DPE),2,5-二氯对苯二甲酰氯(DCTPC)和4,4′-二(α-萘氧基)二苯酮(DNBP)通过亲电缩聚反应合成了一系列新型主链含1,4-亚萘基结构的氯化聚芳醚酮酮无规共聚物.优化后的工艺条件为:n(AlCl3)∶n(DCTPC)∶n(DNBP DPE)=0.06∶0.01∶0.01,预聚合温度小于-10℃下反应2h,再逐渐升温至25℃左右反应约8h.研究了DNBP结构单元及含氯侧基对共聚物性能的影响,并用IR、DSC、TG、WAXD等方法对其进行了表征.结果表明,所得聚合物在193～212℃的温度范围内均只出现一个玻璃化温度(Tg)转变峰,且随着共聚物中DNBP结构单元含量的增加,其Tg逐渐升高,而熔融温度(Tm)和结晶度逐渐降低.同时由于芳环上氯取代基的影响,降低了共聚物的热分解温度(Td),但仍具有良好的耐热性并且明显提高了阻燃性能和溶解性能.当x(DNBP)<30%时,共聚物仍为半结晶性,并选择n(DNBP)∶n(DPE)在10∶90～30∶70范围内为理想的聚合物加工成型条件.共聚物的断裂伸长率随着DNBP结构单元的引入逐渐增加,而拉伸强度和拉伸模量却有所下降.该类共聚物的拉伸强度可达78MPa以上,拉伸模量在2.8GPa以上,仍具有良好的力学性能.     

磺化杂萘联苯聚醚酮酮质子交换膜材料的合成与性能

以4-(4-羟基苯基)-2,3-二氮杂萘-1-酮(DHPZ)、1,4-二(3-磺酸钠基-4-氟代苯甲酰基)苯(SBFBB)和1,4-二(4-氯代苯甲酰基)苯(BCBB)为原料,经高温溶液缩聚反应,成功制备了一系列不同磺化度的新型杂萘联苯聚醚酮酮(SPPEKKs).利用FT-IR和1H-NMR对聚合物结构进行表征.采用溶液浇铸法制备了聚合物薄膜.测定了膜的吸水率,溶胀率,离子交换容量,耐氧化性和质子传导率.结果表明该系列磺化杂萘联苯聚醚酮酮膜具有良好的抗氧化性和较高的质子传导率.     

磺化聚芳醚酮酮的制备及磷酸硼复合膜的性能

通过亲核缩聚反应合成含二氮杂萘酮结构的磺化聚芳醚酮酮(SPPEKK),并经原位复合制备了磺化聚芳醚酮酮/磷酸硼(SPPEKK/BP04)复合质子交换膜.用核磁共振谱(1H-NMR)和FT-IR光谱表征纯膜及其复合膜结构,研究了BPO4的含量对复合膜的保水能力、热稳定性能、质子传导率以及复合膜中BPO4稳定性能的影响.结果表明,随着BPO4含量的增加,SPPEKK/BPO4的复合质子交换膜质子传导率逐渐增大.当BPO4含量达到30%时,质子传导率达到6.3×10-2S/cm(90℃).用原位生成法制备的SPPEKK/BPO4在保持一定尺寸稳定性和热稳定性的前提下,膜的导电性能明显改善.     

Carbon-nanofibre-reinforced poly(ether ether ketone) composites

Poly(ether ether ketone) nanocomposites containing vapour-grown carbon nanofibres (CNF) were produced using standard polymer processing techniques. Evaluation of the mechanical composite properties revealed a linear increase in tensile stiffness and strength with nanofibre loading fractions up to 15 wt% while matrix ductility was maintained up to 10 wt%. Electron microscopy confirmed the homogeneous dispersion and alignment of nanofibres. An interpretation of the composite performance by short-fibre theory resulted in rather low intrinsic stiffness properties of the vapour-grown CNF. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that an interaction between matrix and the nanoscale filler could occur during processing. Such changes in polymer morphology due to the presence of a nanoscale filler need to be considered when evaluating the mechanical properties of such nanocomposites.     

新型含氰侧基氯取代聚芳醚醚酮酮的合成及表征

在无水AlCl3及N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)/1,2-二氯乙烷(DCE)复合溶剂的存在下,将2,6-二苯氧基苯甲腈(DPOBN)与2,5-二氯对苯二甲酰氯(DCC)进行低温缩聚反应,合成了一类新型含氰侧基氯取代的聚芳醚醚酮酮.用IR、DSC、TG、WAXD等方法对其结构和性能进行了表征.结果表明,所合成的聚合物为非晶态聚合物;其玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为229℃,热分解5%的温度(Td)为445℃,说明其具有突出的耐高温性能;聚合物能在NMP、DMF、DMSO等强极性非质子溶剂及DCE、THF、CHCl3等普通溶剂中溶解或溶胀.     

Carbon-nanofibre-reinforced poly(ether ether ketone) fibres

Nano-reinforced fibres were spun from a semicrystalline high-performance poly(ether ether ketone) containing up to 10 wt% vapour-grown carbon nanofibres using conventional polymer processing equipment. Mechanical tensile testing revealed increases in nanocomposite stiffness, yield stress, and fracture strength for both as-spun and heat-treated fibres. X-ray and differential scanning calorimetry analyses were performed in order to investigate both the orientation of nanofibres within the polymer matrix and the matrix morphology. The carbon nanofibres were found to be well aligned with the direction of flow during processing. Significantly, the degree of crystallinity of the poly(ether ether ketone) matrix was found to increase with the initial addition of nanofibres although the crystal structure was not affected. The measured increase in composite tensile modulus is compared to injection-moulded nanocomposite samples made from the same blends. The results highlight the need to characterise the matrix morphology when evaluating nanocomposite performance and hence deducing the intrinsic properties of the nanoscale reinforcement.     

Electrophotographic characteristics of michlers ketone in polycarbonate binder layers

Surface potential decay characteristics of corona-charged michlers ketone (MK) and polycarbonate (PC) binder layers have been studied for their utility in electrophotography. The effects of illumination intensity and of temperature on the acceptance and contrast potentials and on the half-decay time of the surface potential have been investigated. The 3070 MKPC binder layer is suitable at 33 ° C, while at lower temperatures (23 ° C) a higher percentage of MK in the binder layer is required. These layers show a contrast potential of 700 V and the residual potential is less than 10%. The spectral sensitivity of the binder layer has also been determined.     

Preparation of sulfonated poly (phthalazinone ether ketone ketone) and properties of the composite membranes SPPEKK/BPO4

通过亲核缩聚反应合成含二氮杂萘酮结构的磺化聚芳醚酮酮(SPPEKK), 并经原位复合制备了磺化聚芳醚酮酮/磷酸硼(SPPEKK/BPO₄)复合质子交换膜. 用核磁共振谱(¹H--NMR)和FT--IR光谱表征纯膜及其复合膜结构, 研究了BPO₄的含量对复合膜的保水能力、热稳定性能、质子传导率以及复合膜中BPO₄稳定性能的影响. 结果表明, 随着BPO₄含量的增加, SPPEKK/BPO₄的复合质子交换膜质子传导率逐渐增大. 当BPO₄含量达到30\%时, 质子传导率达到6.3 ×10^-2 S/cm(90℃). 用原位生成法制备的SPPEKK/BPO₄在保持一定尺寸稳定性和热稳定性的前提下, 膜的导电性能明显改善.     

Effects of acetone on methyl ethyl ketone peroxide runaway reaction

Runaway reactions by methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKPO) are an important issue in Asia, due to its unstable structure and extensive heat release during upset situations. This study employed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to draw the experimental data for MEKPO 31 mass% and with acetone 99 mass% on three types of heating rate of 2, 4, and 10 degrees C/min; the kinetic and safety parameters were then evaluated via curve fitting. Through the reproducible tests in each condition, the results show that acetone is not a contaminant, because it could increase the activation energy (Ea) and onset temperature (To) when combined with MEKPO, which differs from the hazard information of the material safety data sheet (MSDS).     

杂萘联苯结构聚醚腈酮漆包线的制备和性能

以新型杂萘联苯聚醚腈酮（PPENK）为基料，制备出耐热漆包线用绝缘漆．研究了漆液的浓度、温度及聚合物特性粘度对漆液流动粘度的影响．结果表明，随着溶液浓度和聚合物特性粘度的提高以及漆液温度的降低，漆液的涂—4粘度值增大，当特性粘度为0．45—0．55dL／g、溶液浓度为18％、漆液温度为35-40℃时，制备的漆包线绝缘漆的厚度可达到0．065mm，在长度30m内的针孔数为0个．当聚合物的特性粘度达到0．48dL／g时，漆包线具有良好的柔韧性和附着性．材料中扭曲非共平面的杂萘联苯结构和反应活性基团-CN的存在，提高了漆包线的电性能和热性能．