反应挤了HDPE／PET共混合金结构与性能研究

采用ＤＳＣ、ＷＡＸＤ、ＳＥＭ及ＴＧＡ等方法研究了ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＥＴ共混合金在增溶剂Ｅ／ＶＡＣ或Ｅ／ＡＡ作用下的结晶性、形态结构及热稳定性。结果表明，Ｅ／ＶＡＣ或Ｅ／ＡＡ的加入，使ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＥＴ体系中ＨＤＰＥ组分的熔融热焓降低，结晶度下降，但熔融峰位置和晶胞基本保持不变；从ＳＥＭ照片可以观察到Ｅ／ＶＡＣ、Ｅ／ＡＡ对共混体系具有一定的增容作用，Ｅ／ＡＡ和效果优于Ｅ／ＶＡＣ；共混体系的热稳定性随Ｅ／ＶＡ     

橡胶机械设计制造中CAD／CAM技术

介绍了橡胶ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ／ＣＡＭ的发展概括，阐述了橡胶机械ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＥ／ＣＡＭ的技术现状，对橡胶机械计算应用技术发展动向作了展望。     

注塑模CAD／CAE／CAM集成系统的开发及实用化

本文全面地介绍了注塑模ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＥ／ＣＡＭ集成系统的开发思想及主要方法。基于微机开发的注塑模ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＥ／ＣＡＭ系统能辅助模具设计师完成全套注塑模的设计，并模拟塑料熔体在模腔中的流动过程、分析冷却系统的效率，ＣＡＭ软件可直接对ＣＡＤ的结果进行数控编程，从而实现ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ一体化。文中还针对实用化过程中所遇到的主要问题进行了讨论。     

橡胶机械设计制造中CAD／CAM技术

介绍了橡胶ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＥ／ＣＡＭ的发展概括，阐述了橡胶机械ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＥ／ＣＡＭ的技术现状，对橡胶机械计算应用技术发展动向作了展望。     

AM／AMPS／DMDAAC／AMC16S共聚物的合成与性能

采用氧化还原引发体系合成了丙烯酰胺（ＡＭ）／２丙烯酰胺基－２－甲基丙磺酸（ＡＭＰＳ）／二甲基二烯丙然氯化铵（ＤＭＤＡＡＣ）／２－丙烯酰胺基十六烷磺酸（ＡＭＣ１６Ｓ）四元共聚物,借助红外光谱和差热分析研究了聚合物的结构和热稳定性,初步评价了共聚物的溶液性能,结果表明,ＡＭ／ＡＭＰＳ／ＤＭＤＡＡＣ／ＡＭＣ１６Ｓ共聚物具有较好的热稳定性和耐温抗盐能力。     

偏氯乙烯悬浮共聚过程中蒸汽压变化的研究

研究了ＶＤＣ／ＭＭＡ和ＶＤＣ／ＡＮ悬浮共聚过程中蒸汽压的变化。结果表明：该两个共聚体系的蒸汽压—聚合时间关系可分为三个阶段,第一阶段迅速升压,第二阶段缓慢升压,第三阶段显著降压;由于ＡＮ部分地溶于水,使ＶＤＣ／ＡＮ悬浮共聚的第二阶段压力变化很小;ＶＤＣ／ＭＭＡ悬浮共聚约在转化率为７０％时开始降压;ＶＤＣ／ＡＮ悬浮共聚约在转化率为６５％时开始降压     

国外合成树脂及塑料文摘

每期文摘的题目均按汉语拼音顺序排列,英文按其字母顺序排列在汉字之前,数字开头的题目排在最前面。　　ＥＰＤＭ ＰＶＣ和ＭＭＡ ｇ ＥＰＤＭ ＰＶＣ共混物的动态力学分析、抗冲性及形态研究／Ｓｉｎｇｈ,Ｄ．（印度）／Ｊ．Ａｐｐｌ．ＰｏｌｙｍＳｃｉ1999,71（12）：1959～ 196 8（英文）。进行了乙烯—丙烯—二烯三聚物／聚氯乙烯（ＥＰＤＭ／ＰＶＣ）和甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝ＥＰＤＭ橡胶（ＭＭＡ ｇ ＥＰＤＭ）／ＰＶＣ共混物的动态力学研究,抗冲阻抗及扫描电镜研究,ＭＭＡ的接枝含量分别为 4、13、2 1和 32 %。当Ｅ″曲线出现两个…     

无定形VDC/MMA悬浮共聚树脂的合成研究

用悬浮聚合法合成了无定形ＶＤＣ／ＭＭＡ共聚树脂,研究了单体配比、聚合温度、引发剂浓度等因素对聚合速率、树脂组成和树脂某些特性的影响。结果表明,单体中ＭＭＡ质量分数含量在２０％～４０％范围时,ＶＤＣ／ＭＭＡ悬浮共聚的速率随ＭＭＡ含量的增加而加快,并具有明显的自动加速现象,温度低于６０℃时,自动加速现象较剧烈;高转化率的树脂中ＭＭＡ单元的含量大于初始单体中ＭＭＡ的含量,其玻璃化温度与窄组成分布的ＶＤＣ／ＭＭＡ共聚树脂相近;当初始单体中ＭＭＡ质量分数大于２５％时,用本文悬浮法制得的树脂为无定形ＶＤＣ／ＭＭＡ共聚树脂     

AM／AMPS／DEDAAC／淀粉接枝共聚物钻井液降滤失剂的合成

介绍了ＡＭ／ＡＭＰＳ／ＤＥＤＡＡＣ／淀粉接枝共聚物泥浆降滤失剂的合成方法,并对其性能进行了内评价。     

E/VAC与马来酸酐反应挤出接枝的研究

用同向双螺杆挤出机进行Ｅ／ＶＡＣ熔融接枝ＭＡＨ的反应。考察了单体、引发剂用量和加工条件对接枝率及熔体流动速率的影响。结果表明,在Ｅ／ＶＡＣ接枝ＭＡＨ的反应中,接枝率随着ＤＣＰ用量、ＭＡＨ用量以及螺杆转速的增加出现峰值,较佳的实验配方为Ｅ／ＶＡＣ：ＭＡＨ：ＤＣＰ＝１００：２：０．２。接枝反应对Ｅ／ＶＡＣ的流动性有很大影响,接枝物的熔体流动速率随ＤＣＰ用量的增加而下降。     

二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵共聚季铵盐的合成及性能研究

以氯丙烯为原料 ,季铵化一步法合成二甲基二丙烯基氯化铵 (DMDAAC)后再与丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺共聚 ,制得阳离子型聚季铵盐 (PDMDAAC)。DMDAAC较佳合成条件为 :氯丙烯∶二甲胺∶氢氧化钠 =2 2 0∶1 0 0∶1 0 0 (mol) ,滴加温度 10～ 30℃ ,滴加时间 3h ,恒温时间4h ,收率为 94 % ;PDMDAAC/AA/AM的共聚条件为 :DMDAAC∶AA +AM =1∶2 .6(mol) ,AA∶AM =1∶3.5 (mol) ,滴加温度 60℃ ,滴加时间 3h ,恒温时间 3 5h。研究探讨了反应影响因素 ,确定了工艺条件 ,并在洗发香波中进行了应用试验     

阳离子型高分子絮凝剂PDMDAAC与P(DMDAAC-AM)的合成及分析

在低于 2 0℃的温度下 ,向二甲胺溶液中同时滴加氯丙烯和NaOH溶液 ,保持pH值在 9.5～ 10 .5之间 ,待加料完毕后升温回流至反应完全 ,一步法合成了二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC) ,并采取减压蒸馏对其进行了提纯。然后采用水溶液自由基聚合方式 ,在 40℃下用占单体总质量 1%的复合引发剂引发DMDAAC ,或DMDAAC和丙烯酰胺 (AM)聚合 ,反应 8h后得到了阳离子型高分子絮凝剂聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵 (PDMDAAC)及DMDAAC与AM的共聚物P(DMDAAC AM)。其中PDMDAAC的特性黏度可达 1.96dL/g,阳离子度为 10 %的P(DMDAAC AM)的特性黏度可达 9 2 6dL/g。发现元素分析法和沉淀滴定法均可用于P(DMDAAC AM)阳离子度的测定 ,沉淀滴定法更简捷方便。采用NMR和IR对PDMDAAC和P(DMDAAC AM)进行了详细的分析表征     

Homogeneous complex solution formed through interactions of poly(acrylamide‐co‐acrylic acid)/poly(acrylamide‐co‐dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) complex with M n+ hydration metal ions in aqueous media

A homogeneous complex solution, formed through inter‐polyelectrolyte complexation of poly(acrylamide‐co‐acrylic acid) (P(AM‐AA)) with poly(acrylamide‐co‐dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) (P(AM‐DMDAAC)) and interaction of the P(AM‐AA)/P(AM‐DMDAAC) complex with M ⁿ⁺ hydrated metal ion, was prepared and the structure and properties of the P(AM‐AA)/P(AM‐DMDAAC)/M ⁿ⁺ homogeneous complex solution were studied by UV spectrometry, dynamic light scattering and viscometry. The experimental results show that the homogeneous complex solution can be obtained by controlling the composition of the P(AM‐AA)/P(AM‐DMDAAC) complex and the M ⁿ⁺ metal ion content. Compared to the constituents, ie the P(AM‐AA) solution, the P(AM‐DMDAAC) solution and the P(AM‐AA)/P(AM‐DMDAAC) complex solution, the P(AM‐AA)/P(AM‐DMDAAC)/M ⁿ⁺ complex solution has a new peak at 270 nm in its UV spectrum, a larger hydrodynamic radius, and hence a higher solution viscosity, all of which indicate that there exist specific interactions between polymers and M ⁿ⁺ metal ions. These interactions lead to the formation of a network structure and hence an obvious increase not only in solution viscosity but also in resistance of the polymer solution to simple salts, to temperature changes and to shearing. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry     

光辅助引发制备丙烯酰胺-二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵共聚物

采用光辅助引发技术,通过水溶液聚合法制备丙烯酰胺(AM)和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)共聚物P(AM-DMDAAC)。考察了引发体系、单体配比、引发温度、溶液pH值、络合剂和引发剂质量分数等因素对产物特性黏数及溶解性的影响,并与传统的引发剂引发聚合结果进行了对比。在单体浓度30%,m(DMDAAC)∶m(AM)=20∶80,引发温度20℃,pH值6.0,EDTA.2Na用量0.001 0%,引发剂质量分数0.003 0%条件下,产物的特性黏数达12 dL/g以上,溶解时间67 min,用红外光谱进行了表征。     

β‐Cyclodextrin modified cationic acrylamide polymers for flocculating waste drilling fluids

In this article, the P(AM/A‐β‐CD/DMDAAC) is used as flocculant. The synthesis and characterization of the cationic polyacrylamide flocculant modified by β‐cyclodextrin have been studied in the early article. This article stresses its excellent flocculated performance and mechanism. In the flocculated process, the bridging flocculation played a dominant role. Through the flocculation experiments, it can be seen that the flocculating rate of the P(AM/A‐β‐CD/DMDAAC) on four solutions can go up to 93.4%, 89.7%, 85.1%, and 96.7%, respectively. As can be seen from experiment data, the flocculated property of P(AM/A‐β‐CD/DMDAAC) is superior to polyacrylamide and poly (dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride). © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40197.     

Homogeneous complex solution formed through interpolyelectrolyte complexation of poly(acrylamide–acrylic acid) with poly(acrylamide‐dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) in aqueous media

Interpolyelectrolyte complexation of two oppositely charged polymers in aqueous media is a new approach for modifying polymer solutions, especially for enhancing solution viscosity. In this paper, a homogeneous complex solution was prepared through complexation of poly(acrylamide–acrylic acid) [P(AM‐AA)] containing adjustable anionic content and poly(acrylamide–dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) [P(AM‐DMDAAC)] containing adjustable cationic content. The interactions between these two oppositely charged polymers and the viscosity of the complex solution were studied by means of visible spectrophotometry, UV spectrometry, fluorescence spectrometry, dynamic light scattering and viscometry. The experimental results show that a P(AM‐AA)/P(AM‐DMDAAC) homogeneous complex solution exhibits characteristics different from those of its constituents, due to intermacromolecular interactions. Compared to the two component polymer solutions, ie P(AM‐AA) solution and P(AM‐DMDAAC) solution, the complex solution has a new peak around 210 nm in its UV spectrum, lower fluorescence intensity and larger hydrodynamic radius, and hence higher solution viscosity. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry     

Synthesis of a novel amphoteric chelating polymer flocculant and its performance in Cu2+ removal

A novel amphoteric chelating polymer flocculant (ACPF) was synthesized. The synthesis involved the copolymerization of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide to prepare poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride‐co‐acrylamide) [P(DMDAAC‐co‐AM)], Mannich reaction of P(DMDAAC‐co‐AM) with triethylenetetramine and formaldehyde to prepare P(DMDAAC‐co‐AM)‐graft‐TETA, and xanthogenation of P(DMDAAC‐co‐AM)‐graft‐TETA with CS₂ and NaOH. The removal performance of ACPF toward Cu²⁺ was investigated, and the ACPF structure was characterized. ACPF performance considerably improved at 121–187 mL/g intrinsic viscosity, 20.78–28.32 mol % cationic degree of P(DMDAAC‐co‐AM), and 22.11–28.44% sulphur content of ACPF. The Cu²⁺ removal rate was above 99% at a 1.98 : 1 molar ratio of ‐CSS^? to Cu²⁺. This rate was 5.86% higher than that using polyacrylamide‐graft‐triethylenetetramine‐dithiocarbamate (PAM‐graft‐TETA‐DTC). The zeta potential and sedimentation rate of flocs obtained from ACPF were higher and their volume was smaller than those from sodium triethylenetetramine‐multidithiocarbamate and PAM‐graft‐TETA‐DTC at the same sulphur dosage. This result indicates that the positive charges of ACPF polymeric chains effectively neutralize excess negative charges in flocs, which benefits the bridging of flocs with negative charges to promote their formation and growth. These positive charges can also cause the flocs to become larger and tighter, thereby improving flocculation and settling performance. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

丙烯酰胺/甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵/二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵三元聚合物的表征与溶液性质

以丙烯酰胺(AM)、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)为单体原料,采用水溶液聚合技术制备了粉末型阳离子三元聚合物P(AM/DMC/DMDAAC)。采用红外光谱、核磁共振和热重分析对所制备阳离子聚合物进行了结构和组成表征,并利用电导率仪和布氏黏度计对其溶解性及其溶液黏度进行了测定。结果表明:合成的产物为P(AM/DMC/DMDAAC),具有良好的热稳定性和溶解性。三元聚合物的表观黏度随着聚合物质量浓度的增加先减小后增加,随剪切速率的增加而下降。在不同的外加盐溶液里,三元聚合物溶液表现出明显的反聚电解质行为。     

分散聚合法合成纳米有机阳离子聚合物PDMDAAC-AM

以丙烯酰胺（AM）、阳离子单体二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（DMDAAC）为原料,用分散聚合法合成了AM/DMDAAC阳离子共聚物。用IR谱图考察了在不同的分散体系中合成的共聚物,表明乙醇-H₂O分散体系为3种体系中最佳的分散聚合体系;用TEM、粒度测定法等多种现代分析仪器和方法对乙醇-H₂O分散体系合成的PDMDAAC-AM进行了分析表征。实验结果表明,乙醇-H₂O分散体系合成的阳离子共聚物PDMDAAC-AM的粒度在纳米范围内,而且由于分散聚合体系本身是个乳状液体系,有利于反应的热交换,所以采用分散聚合法合理的解决了聚合反应中的散热问题,体现了分散聚合法的特点。     

二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和丙烯酰胺的合成及应用

用复合引发体系(过硫酸盐-偶氮类引发剂)和脂肪胺类氧化还原体系引发,在实验室获得了单体转化率≥98%,特性粘数高于13.6 dL/g的阳离子共聚物PDA,探讨了控制聚合物分子量的影响因素.