再生有色金属冶炼的二恶英减排

铜、铝、锌等有色金属的二次熔炼过程被《斯德哥尔摩公约》附件C明确列为二恶英类排放源。如再生铜使用的原料包括废铜屑、矿泥、废弃的电脑配件和电子元件等，二次冶炼过程包括进料预处理、熔融、合金和铸造。再生铝在生产过程中需使用燃料、助熔剂和合金等，还需要添加氯气、氯化铝或氯代有机物，用以去除其中的镁元素，提高金属的纯度。     

再生铜物料熔炼和精炼工艺的发展动向

本文简要描述了从各种废料中回收铜及伴生金属的现行工艺。指出现行工艺的发展趋势大致包括:物料在熔炼前更高效的预处理;越来越广泛地采用顶吹旋转炉来处理低品位细粒物料和残渣;用气体还原代替插木还原;采用竖炉快速连续熔炼高品位原料的连续熔炼法;在电解精炼中日益广泛采用带式浇铸并尽可能采用永久始极片,以省去电解车间的始极片生产工序;采用新设备、仪表、微机控制和计算机系统,并利用现有的冶金知识继续提高再生铜熔炼和精炼的效率和经济效益。     

再生铜熔炼技术装备升级路径

针对我国再生铜产业技术装备现状，结合国外再生铜熔炼技术装备的发展趋势，笔者认为我国再生铜熔炼技术装备升级应选择适宜的路径。     

澳斯麦特工艺——21世纪的铜生产工艺

澳斯麦特顶吹浸没喷枪技术用于炼铜是一项低成本的处理原生和再生铜物料的成熟技术。无论是熔炼还是吹炼作业,在环境保护、提高生产效率和提高金属回收率方面均具有明显优势。本文回顾了澳斯麦特工艺在熔炼和吹炼原生和再生原料过程中的应用,探讨了澳斯麦特工艺的设计和使用原理,以及这些原理是怎样和终端用户的需求相结合的。     

澳斯麦特工艺——21世纪的铜生产工艺

澳斯麦特顶吹浸没喷抢技术用于炼铜是一项低成本的处理原生和再生铜物料的成熟技术.无论是熔炼还是吹炼作业,在环境保护、提高生产效率和提高金属回收率方面均具有明显优势.本文回顾了澳斯麦特工艺在熔炼和吹炼原生和再生原料过程中的应用,探讨了澳斯麦特工艺的设计和使用原理,以及这些原理是怎样和终端用户的需求相结合的.     

阳极铜中杂质在电解过程中的不利影响及分析

铜火法熔炼生产的阳极铜所含杂质,随电解过程这些杂质释放到电解液中。通过各有害元素对阴极铜质量影响的直观描述,分析各有害杂质元素在阳极铜中适宜的含量范围,以期在熔炼过程中合理控制各杂质含量,从电解"源头"上减轻杂质元素对电解产品的影响,提高铜电解质量和效率。     

铜冶炼炉渣缓冷效果的影响因素分析

铜冶炼炉渣缓冷的主要目的是使铜相粒子迁移聚集长大,在缓冷过程中有时会出现红心包现象,带来安全隐患并影响铜回收率。本文从炉渣性质、缓冷制度、熔炼入炉配料、炉况控制等方面对铜冶炼炉渣缓冷的影响因素进行分析,得出以下结论:合理的炉渣缓冷制度有利于控制炉渣红心包的产生;合理控制炉渣中的Fe3O4、CaO和Zn含量有利于控制红心包的产生;合理控制熔炼过程铜液面高度有利于控制红心包的产生。最后,根据现场实际生产情况给出了相应的控制措施。     

底吹炉铜锍品位的初步计算选择

底吹炉熔炼时铜锍品位的选择影响着粗铜冶炼生产的过程组织和控制.本文选取不同品位铜锍,对熔炼、吹炼过程进行物料平衡和热平衡冶金计算,为底吹炉选定合适的铜锍品位,以提高熔炼直收率、主金属综合回收率,降低粗铜冶炼直接费用.     

特紫铜用作黄铜原料的使用配比

为了节约资源、降低成本,我国铜加工企业必须走综合利用再生铜的循环经济道路.通过对黄铜熔炼中特紫铜使用比例的研究,结合质量控制,提出了特紫铜用作黄铜原料,其使用配比的初步结论,即单相黄铜熔炼时,随其含Zn量的增加,特紫铜配比要减少;双相黄铜熔炼时,随其含Zn量的增加,特紫铜配比可增多.并推算出了特紫铜使用配比的参考值.     

艾萨铜熔炼水淬渣磨浮贫化回收率的分析

铜熔炼电炉渣在使用磨浮贫化回收铜的工艺中,由于熔炼方式、原料结构、工艺操作控制及电炉渣冷却方式不同等原因,导致铜的浮选回收率差异较大,因此需要针对实际情况进行研究。以艾萨铜熔炼急冷水淬电炉渣的磨浮贫化工艺为研究对象,通过分析研究工艺流程中原矿和尾矿的主要成分结构、矿物物相、粒度形态等,并结合生产实践,探明此类电炉渣在磨浮贫化实际工艺生产中因自身属性对铜回收率造成的客观直接影响,从而科学直观地指导生产操作,减少工艺误区。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。