基于多特征融合的车辆阴影检测与去除

基于ViBE目标检测算法,融合交通监控视频中车辆的边缘与颜色特征,提出一种基于多特征融合的算法,实现对复杂交通场景中车辆阴影的检测与去除。通过ViBE提取前景目标,采用串行融合方式检测阴影。首先在传统的基于边缘特征检测阴影的基础上,利用水平集方法代替水平垂直填充,实现多个前景目标内部边缘的快速填充。在获取候选的阴影区域后,结合HSV颜色特征以及形态学处理等操作,以达到更好的阴影去除效果。通过对不同的视频图像序列进行测试,表明提出的多特征融合算法能有效去除投射阴影,且优于单个特征方法,适用于复杂的交通场景。     

公路车流量视频检测方法

针对视频车流量检测容易受背景以及车辆阴影等因素影响的问题,提出了一种自适应背景差分结合阴影去除的车流量检测方法。首先,建立自适应背景提取模型;然后,利用差分法从视频检测区域提取包含阴影的车辆目标,并进行二值化处理和孔洞填充;接着依据阴影区域相对于车辆区域灰度较小的特点,从填充后的二值图像阴影区域向车辆区域方向进行像素值比较,从而检测并去除阴影;最后,通过设定两排检测窗口进行车流量计数。实验结果表明,该方法受背景和车辆阴影等影响较小,在不同气候环境下具有较高的车流量检测准确率。     

空-频域联合投票的交通视频阴影去除方法

交通场景中的静止或运动阴影往往会降低车辆目标跟踪的精度,因此有效地去除阴影是交通监控视频处理的重要环节之一。然而,目前尚无一种能够同时发掘阴影的空间域和频率域特性且抵抗静止和运动阴影干扰的阴影去除方法。为此,提出了一种基于空-频域联合投票策略的交通视频阴影去除方法。首先,将视频帧从RGB颜色空间转换到HSV颜色空间,再进行非下采样剪切波变换;其次,假设变换系数服从高斯分布,采用变换系数的均值和标准差计算每个尺度的加权掩码;然后,根据多尺度变换系数的零树分布特性,利用粗尺度的加权掩码校正细尺度的加权掩码,将各个尺度、各个颜色通道的加权掩码进行线性组合后得到一个公共掩码,再采用基于最小二乘法拟合的最大熵方法计算自适应分割阈值,对公共掩码进行二值化;最后,联合频率域加权掩码、S通道和V通道的掩码进行投票,进而确定去除阴影后的运动车辆区域。实验结果表明,该算法可有效去除交通监控视频中的静态/运动阴影,抑制阴影的干扰,将传统Meanshift算法的输出车辆轨迹与真实轨迹间的平均欧氏距离缩小95%,且未出现目标丢失的现象,增强了智能分析算法的鲁棒性。研究结果说明,该算法有效联合交通监控视频的空间域和频率域表示,充分发掘了运动车辆区域与阴影区域之间的纹理特性和颜色特性差异,有利于获得更精确的阴影去除结果,进而提高车辆目标跟踪的精度。     

交通视频序列阴影检测算法研究

针对交通视频序列中的阴影检测问题,在分析目前常用的几种阴影检测算法的基础上,提出了一种基于交通视频流的灰度图阴影检测算法。该算法首先通过建立一个具有鲁棒性和自适应性的背景模型来获取背景,同时对阴影进行初步模糊滤除,然后再通过车体的重构来准确去除阴影。实践表明,该算法准确度高,具有广泛的应用前景。     

Moving shadow detection and removal for traffic sequences

Segmentation of moving objects in a video sequence is a basic task for application of computer vision. However, shadows extracted along with the objects can result in large errors in object localization and recognition. In this paper, we propose a method of moving shadow detection based on edge information, which can effectively detect the cast shadow of a moving vehicle in a traffic scene. Having confirmed shadows existing in a figure, we execute the shadow removal algorithm proposed in this paper to segment the shadow from the foreground. The shadow eliminating algorithm removes the boundary of the cast shadow and preserves object edges firstly; secondly, it reconstructs coarse object shapes based on the edge information of objects; and finally, it extracts the cast shadow by subtracting the moving object from the change detection mask and performs further processing. The proposed method has been further tested on images taken under different shadow orientations, vehicle colors and vehicle sizes, and the results have revealed that shadows can be successfully eliminated and thus good video segmentation can be obtained.     

一种基于局部二值模式的阴影消除方法

运动目标检测和阴影消除是自动化视频分析系统的基础。本文根据视频背景与运动目标纹理的差异性以及背景与阴影纹理的相似性,提出一种利用局部二值模式作为图像纹理特征描述子,检测运动目标并消除阴影的方法。实验表明本文方法能在较好地抑制阴影同时,检测出完整运动目标。     

基于视频虚拟检测带的交通流量检测方法

交通数据的正确掌握对后续的交通控制起着至关重要的作用,采用基于视频虚拟检测带的交通流量检测方法,对检测带范围内像素点RGB的强度值进行统计,将无车辆时的统计值作为标准特征模板并执行模板更新策略,通过计算每一帧实时视频图像的特征值与标准模板特征值的距离进行车辆检测.为了提高检测精度,提出了一种基于阴影特征的阴影检测算法.在早晨和中午的不同光照条件下进行试验,在阴影明显的情况下,该方法的检测准确率在91％以上,在阴影不明显的情况下,检测准确率达到95％,可满足智能交通的需要.     

Detecting moving objects, ghosts, and shadows in video streams

Background subtraction methods are widely exploited for moving object detection in videos in many applications, such as traffic monitoring, human motion capture, and video surveillance. How to correctly and efficiently model and update the background model and how to deal with shadows are two of the most distinguishing and challenging aspects of such approaches. The article proposes a general-purpose method that combines statistical assumptions with the object-level knowledge of moving objects, apparent objects (ghosts), and shadows acquired in the processing of the previous frames. Pixels belonging to moving objects, ghosts, and shadows are processed differently in order to supply an object-based selective update. The proposed approach exploits color information for both background subtraction and shadow detection to improve object segmentation and background update. The approach proves fast, flexible, and precise in terms of both pixel accuracy and reactivity to background changes.     

融合线性特征的局部纹理运动车辆阴影检测

提出了一种融合线性特征的局部纹理运动车辆阴影检测方法。首先基于连续帧视频图像信息建立初始背景模型;通过背景差法获取包含阴影的运动目标区域,同时依据该运动区域信息实时更新背景;结合亮度信息,利用改进局部二值模式的纹理算子描述运动区域纹理,并根据海明距离进行粗分类,快速检测出运动区域中的阴影覆盖区;进一步对阴影覆盖区域进行纹理信息的线性特性判断,排除车辆自阴影区域,获取背景阴影,得到真实车辆目标。实验结果表明,该方法提高了阴影和车辆自阴影的检测准确度,且速度快,可满足实时性要求。     

基于颜色信息和光学增益的阴影消除

运动阴影常被误分为前景对象,会给目标的跟踪和识别带来很大困难,所以阴影消除在许多的监控系统中都是非常重要的。针对阴影检测算法受特定条件约束,不能自动适用于不同场景,为解决上述问题,提出了一种新颖鲁棒且无需复杂的参数调整的运动阴影消除方法。通过自适应高斯混合模型重建背景,采用背景差分法提取出包含阴影的运动区域,综合颜色信息与光学增益,将运动区域分类为运动对象区域和运动阴影区域。实验结果表明:所提方法在多种不同的场景下均能有效可靠的消除运动阴影。     

基于零树小波的交通视频车辆运动阴影滤除方法

基于高斯模型的背景建模方法与简单的背景差分方法很难准确区分运动车辆与阴影.基于此种原因,文中提出基于零树小波的交通视频车辆运动阴影滤除方法.首先将含有噪声的运动前景图像转换至HSV颜色空间.然后对 S通道和V 通道进行多级下采样小波变换,通过构造运动前景的零树小波掩模,关联不同尺度子带间的系数,使各精细尺度子带掩模的值能得到父子带系数的指导和校正,提高子带自适应阈值的准确性.进一步通过结合阴影的颜色特征,提高判断区域车辆与阴影的区分度.最后通过大量仿真实验验证文中方法的有效性.     

基于纹理特征改进的GFL运动目标提取方法

基于广义融合套索（GFL）前景模型，融合视频的纹理特征，提出一种基于纹理特征的运动目标提取方法。方法通过GFL前景模型提取前景运动目标和背景，再利用LBP算法提取前景与背景在多个方向上的纹理特征，比较两者纹理特征的相似度，去除前景中的投射阴影，解决由于运动目标遮挡产生的阴影问题，同时还引入误判率去描述模型的准确度。通过对广场、办公室以及体育馆等实际场景进行测试，实验表明提出的算法能够有效去除运动目标产生的阴影。     

改进的HSV阴影去除算法研究

针对视频序列图像中运动目标的阴影会造成运动目标的物理变形,影响运动目标的检测与跟踪等问题,提出了一种基于HSV色彩空间的无阈值阴影去除算法。该方法通过分析阴影与背景的HSV彩色空间中的特性,并利用阴影与运动目标在H、S、V三个分量中的不同特点,提出了一种无阈值的阴影消除算法。实验结果表明,该方法能够很好地去除阴影区域,同时又保持前景目标区域的完整性。     

交通场景中车辆的运动检测与阴影消除

提出一种算法框架实现对交通场景中运动车辆的分割。首先,提出一种基于颜色空间的浮动气球模型,用以解决监控场景的自适应背景建模问题,该方法解决了基于参数模型的背景建模方法无法检测驻留物体的问题,并可有效适应监控场景中的光照变化以实现自适应更新;其次,针对通过背景建模和背景差分得到的运动前景区域包含运动车辆阴影问题,提出一种新的阴影检测算法,该算法采用多特征融合的方法实现了对运动车辆的分割。实验结果分析表明,与其他方法相比,该算法框架在背景建模和阴影检测方法具有较好的效果。     

Illumination normalization with time-dependent intrinsic images for video surveillance

Variation in illumination conditions caused by weather, time of day, etc., makes the task difficult when building video surveillance systems of real world scenes. Especially, cast shadows produce troublesome effects, typically for object tracking from a fixed viewpoint, since it yields appearance variations of objects depending on whether they are inside or outside the shadow. In this paper, we handle such appearance variations by removing shadows in the image sequence. This can be considered as a preprocessing stage which leads to robust video surveillance. To achieve this, we propose a framework based on the idea of intrinsic images. Unlike previous methods of deriving intrinsic images, we derive time-varying reflectance images and corresponding illumination images from a sequence of images instead of assuming a single reflectance image. Using obtained illumination images, we normalize the input image sequence in terms of incident lighting distribution to eliminate shadowing effects. We also propose an illumination normalization scheme which can potentially run in real time, utilizing the illumination eigenspace, which captures the illumination variation due to weather, time of day, etc., and a shadow interpolation method based on shadow hulls. This paper describes the theory of the framework with simulation results and shows its effectiveness with object tracking results on real scene data sets.     

基于计算机视觉的车辆跟踪研究

基于计算机视觉的目标分割和跟踪被广泛应用于视频监控。首先在HSV空间利用阴影消除算法结合动态背景自适应更新技术分割目标,相比背景差分法提高了目标分割的抗干扰性。对分割出来的目标,将基于运动估计的卡尔曼滤波器应用于多个车辆目标的跟踪,提高了跟踪的速度和效果。最后给出运动车辆的分割和跟踪的实验结果。     

Smart objects identification system for robotic surveillance

Video surveillance is an active research topic in computer vision.In this paper,humans and cars identifcation technique suitable for real time video surveillance systems is presented.The technique we proposed includes background subtraction,foreground segmentation,shadow removal,feature extraction and classifcation.The feature extraction of the extracted foreground objects is done via a new set of afne moment invariants based on statistics method and these were used to identify human or car.When the partial occlusion occurs,although features of full body cannot be extracted,our proposed technique extracts the features of head shoulder.Our proposed technique can identify human by extracting the human head-shoulder up to 60%–70%occlusion.Thus,it has a better classifcation to solve the issue of the loss of property arising from human occluded easily in practical applications.The whole system works at approximately 16 29 fps and thus it is suitable for real-time applications.The accuracy for our proposed technique in identifying human is very good,which is 98.33%,while for cars identifcation,the accuracy is also good,which is 94.41%.The overall accuracy for our proposed technique in identifying human and car is at 98.04%.The experiment results show that this method is efective and has strong robustness.     

An adaptive, real-time, traffic monitoring system

In this paper we describe a computer vision-based traffic monitoring system able to detect individual vehicles in real-time. Our fully integrated system first obtains the main traffic variables: counting, speed and category; and then computes a complete set of statistical variables. The objective is to investigate some of the difficulties impeding existing traffic systems to achieve balanced accuracy in every condition; i.e. day and night transitions, shadows, heavy vehicles, occlusions, slow traffic and congestions. The system we present is autonomous, works for long periods of time without human intervention and adapts automatically to the changing environmental conditions. Several innovations, designed to deal with the above circumstances, are proposed in the paper: an integrated calibration and image rectification step, differentiated methods for day and night, an adaptive segmentation algorithm, a multistage shadow detection method and special considerations for heavy vehicle identification and treatment of slow traffic. A specific methodology has been developed to benchmark the accuracy of the different methods proposed.     

YUV颜色空间和图论切割的阴影去除算法

针对智能视频监控系统中阴影常由于其自身的属性而被错误地检测成前景目标的问题,提出了一种YUV颜色空间和图切割算法相结合检测阴影的新方法.首先,在获取的前景运动区域中综合考虑YUV颜色空间的亮度和色度信息来检测阴影区域并融合形态学滤波等操作得到确定的阴影和目标种子点,然后进一步通过图切割算法获得阴影与目标的优化分割,以提高阴影区域的检测精度.实验证明,该方法能有效地检测并去除视频监控场景中运动物体所携带的阴影.