燃料空气炸药爆炸场参数的试验研究

进行了燃料空气炸药装置的静爆试验，获得了地面超压、作用时间及冲量的实测数据，分析得到了各自的拟合公式。研究结果表明，FAE爆炸场可划分为云雾区、边缘区和冲击波作用区，其中云雾区和边缘区是强毁伤区；在云雾区，超压和冲量波动平缓，保持高超压和大冲量特征，正压作用时间在1．18～1．27ms小幅波动；在云雾区外，超压和冲量呈衰减趋势，其中冲击波作用区较边缘区衰减缓慢，正压作用时间呈增长趋势，尤以边缘区增长更为迅速。     

FAE装置炸高对爆炸压力场影响的实验研究

FAE装置炸高对爆炸压力场有重要影响，本文通过相同条件下不同炸高的FAE装置进行实验，利用多通道数据采义和地面模拟目标进行空气冲击波测量和地面毁伤效率应评估，实验结果表明；FAE装置炸高对爆炸空气冲击波有重要影响，它不仅影响毁伤半径，而且还影响不同距离处的冲击波作用时间和压力峰值。     

超压测试方法对炸药TNT当量计算结果的影响

用地面和空中冲击波超压测试系统测定了TNT和B炸药爆炸的马赫反射波超压和入射冲击波超压,计算得到不同测试条件下TNT爆炸冲击波超压的经验公式和B炸药的TNT当量。结果表明,马赫反射波超压大于入射冲击波超压,马赫反射波超压与入射冲击波超压比值随实验中对比距离的增加而增加。由马赫反射波超压和入射冲击波超压计算得到的B炸药TNT当量比分别为1.40和1.32。认为以空中入射冲击波超压测试结果计算得到的TNT当量更真实。     

高威力FAE液态燃料的优化选择

应用系统工程理论建立了高威力FAE的燃料优化分析评价方法，对FAE液态燃料进行了优化排序和筛选，得到了综合效能较优的FAE液态燃料组分。     

燃料空气炸药爆炸地面振动的幅值特征研究

对燃料空气炸药爆炸（FAE）爆炸时所引起的地面振动幅值特征提出了研究，在相同的装药量和场地条件下，进行了FAE与TNT炸药爆炸地震效应的对比实验，得到了地面是竖向振动的时间历史记录结果。分析表明，FAE爆炸所产生的地震效应具有更高的峰值强度，所得到的研究结果对认识FAE爆炸力学效应具有一定的指导价值。     

负压条件下球形爆炸容器内乳化炸药冲击波参数研究

为了探究负压条件下乳化炸药冲击波参数，在4m直径可调真空度球形爆炸容器内，开展不同负压和不同药量条件下的乳化炸药内爆实验，获得冲击波的超压时程曲线，重新拟合了乳化炸药在不同负压环境下的峰值超压公式和正压冲量公式。结果表明，乳化炸药质量每减少50g,峰值超压平均下降27%;环境压力每降低20kPa,峰值超压平均下降8.66%;乳化炸药在不同负压环境下的正压冲量约为单质炸药的81.3%;负压条件下的乳化炸药峰值超压和正压冲量实验值与传统经验公式相比误差均大于10%,而基于常压实验值拟合的公式与不同工况下的实验值误差均小于4%,能够精确预测不同负压环境下乳化炸药的冲击波参数。     

用单一非等温DSC曲线评价FAE复合燃料内相容性的研究

尝试了用炸药组分的单一非等温DSC曲线来确定一次引爆型FAE复合燃料的热分解动力学参数，并据此来评价该复合燃料的内相容性。通过对比可以发现，该方法处理的结果与传统的Ozawa方法处理结果误差很小。实验结果也表明一次引爆型FAE药剂具有良好的内相容性。     

燃料空气炸药武器威力评价指标研究

在对既有的燃料空气炸药（FAE）武器威力评价方法进行分类评价的基础上，结合FAE武器的爆炸场特性，综合考虑该武器的各种爆炸作用形式，兼顾科学与实用的原则，提出了FAE武器自身威力评价的具体方法。研究表明，用FAE爆轰能和广义TNT当量两个指标来评价FAE武器自身威力能全面反映FAE武器爆炸场特性，适合于FAE武器间的威力对比以及FAE武器与HE武器的威力对比，该评价方法具有普适性。     

负压环境对炸药爆炸冲击波影响的实验研究

为了研究负压环境对炸药爆炸冲击波的影响,在自制可调真空度爆炸容器中进行负压爆炸实验,采用PCB压力传感器测量罐体轴线固定位置点的冲击波超压,分析了在0、-20、-40、-60、-80、-90、-99kPa等不同负压环境下罐体内测点爆炸冲击波反射超压时程曲线。结果表明,爆炸环境负压降低,测点一次、二次冲击波峰值超压随之降低,在-40kPa和-99kPa负压环境下超压降低显著;爆炸冲击波速度大小与传播介质密度相关,即环境负压越低,气体越稀薄,冲击波传播速度越快;爆炸冲击波速度随环境负压降低而升高,与超压降低强度无相关性;负压环境不改变容器内实验雷管爆炸的气体产物生成量;在近似真空环境中,爆炸冲击波主要以爆轰产物为传播介质,冲击波速度提高受限于爆轰产物运动速度,强度弱,衰减迅速。     

FAE武器爆炸状态场压力场测试方法研究

RAE武器爆炸状态场压力场测试方法的建立将为RAE武器的预先研究，设计定型，威力对比等提供统一技术措施和规范化数。本文运和测试工程学原理，结合PAE武器爆炸压力场测试现状，分析了冲击波压力现场测试方法，着重讨论了用于FAE战斗部野外静爆炸压力场测试的自由场冲击波压力测试系统的配置，校准、安装以及信号的处理等。实验证明文中提出的自由场冲击波压力测试方法是一套科学的、有效的冲击波压力测试方法。     

炸高对爆炸超压的影响规律

对炸高影响爆炸超压的规律进行了理论分析和实验研究。提出了描述超压与对比炸高和对比距离两个变量的拟合公式。得到了最有利的起爆高度(对比炸高)与对比距离的关系。得出最佳炸高条件下冲击波超压随对比距离的衰减曲线,可近似为一条直线,该曲线上的冲击波超压高于其他条件的超压值。     

固液组分与混合燃料细观尺度的相关性

给出固体金属粉燃料颗粒尺寸随机分布的分形表示,建立了组分比例、固体燃料颗粒尺度特征与ＦＡＥ混合燃料细观结构的相关性。通过实 由固,液燃料组分比例关系,确定ＦＡＥ混合燃料细观尺度的过程和方法。讨论了ＦＡＥ混合燃料达到饱和状态的临界条件。     

Energetic Characteristics of HMX‐Based Explosives Containing LiH

The high energy density compound octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocine (HMX) and the strong exothermic compound LiH represent an excellent principal explosive and an active fuel, respectively. Herein, the energetic characteristics of HMX‐based explosives are explored by adding LiH as fuel additive. The detonation parameters of HMX‐based explosives containing LiH were tested with free‐field explosion experiments and compared with those of traditional TNT, HMX, and aluminized explosives. The results show that the explosives exhibit higher energy and present preferable explosion effect when LiH is added as an explosive ingredient. The improvement of impulse is more than 32.8 % at 2 m. The shock wave peak overpressure increases by almost 40 % at a distance of 3 m from detonation center specially for the explosive containing both LiH and Al additives. Elemental H and Li are expected to release tremendous energy to effectively improve the explosives instant damage power, but the detonation duration is shorter than that of Al‐containing mixed explosives, which may limit the advantage over Al in the impulse. Li₂CO₃ powder is the solid product of HMX/LiH, which explains the LiH oxidation during the explosion. The exothermic processes in the formation are the reason for the increased energy of HMX/LiH explosives. These results can provide guidance to a potential energetic system formed by HMX and LiH.     

水反应金属燃料在超高速鱼雷推进系统中的应用

对水反应金属燃料和其他燃料进行了比较和分析,阐述了用于超高速鱼雷的水反应金属燃料体系。通过热力学计算,分析了水反应金属燃料的能量特性及其影响因素,并对水反应金属燃料应用于超高速鱼雷推进系统的可能途径进行了探讨。通过分析得出,水反应金属燃料充分利用雷外海水作为能源,具有显著的高能量特性,可明显提高超高速鱼雷承载燃料的能力,是超高速鱼雷的最佳能源选择;水反应金属燃料能以液态或固态形式应用于发动机,发动机形式宜采用喷射式,但环境压力对发动机比冲影响较大,其使用效率随航行深度的增加而降低。     

Study of the Blast Wave Parameters from Small Scale Explosions

Although the science of blast overpressure is well understood there are major difficulties in obtaining accurate values for peak overpressure, positive duration, and positive impulse. These parameters are required to assess damage potential of blast overpressures. This paper describes the problems associated with such measurements and how the problems can be overcome by the use of known analytical techniques based on the modified Friedlander equation. Other methods used include curve smoothing of the pressure-time history and integration to obtain impulse values through which the curve decay parameter can be found. Several different analytical methods are compared. The experiments have been carried out on small charges (200 g and 400 g) and the results obtained analysed to assess far-field distances for such charges. This has been achieved by comparing peak overpressure values with the scaled distance.     

Study of a hybrid gas generator for a ducted rocket

A performance analysis and experimental study of a hybrid gas generator to be used in a ducted rocket are presented. Such a system exhibits potential advantages with regard to safety, performance, costs, availability of the fuel components, storability, and thrust control. A combination of a paraffin wax fuel and oxygen in the gas generator ensures a high regression rate and reveals oxidizer-to-fuel ratios as low as 0.14 in the gas generator (compared to the stoichiometric ratio of 3.4). A fuel regression rate correlation versus the oxidizer mass flux is derived, presenting a major advantage for the fuel flow rate management in comparison to control of the solid propellant gas generator burning rate through the pressure exponent, which requires mechanical interference with the hot nozzle flow to ensure a change in the combustor pressure and a corresponding change in the burning rate. Evaluation of the ducted rocket (with different oxidizers) versus pure ramjet performance shows a higher specific thrust for the former, though the latter exhibits a higher specific impulse.     

Laboratory method for measurement of the specific impulse of solid propellants

A new laboratory express-method of determining the specific impulse of solid propellants based on the measurement of the reactive force of gasification products escaping from the burning propellant surface is presented in this work. The values of the specific impulse for a model composite solid propellant by varying the pressure in the combustion chamber are determined.     

Detonation characteristics of emulsion explosives sensitized by MgH2

Preliminarily results on the reaction mechanism of detonation of composite emulsion explosives sensitized by MgH₂, which simultaneously plays the role of an energetic material, are presented. Compared to emulsion explosives sensitized by glass microspheres, emulsion explosives sensitized by magnesium hydride have a different reaction mechanism of detonation. The shock wave overpressure, specific impulse, shock wave energy, and bubble energy are all greatly increased with the use of MgH₂, and it is noticeable that the shock wave overpressure and shock wave energy increase by 17% and 24%, respectively. In addition, emulsion explosives sensitized by MgH₂ improve significantly in terms of detonation velocity and brisance. These emulsion explosives also meet safety requirements.     

FAE燃料抛撒与云雾状态的控制

燃料抛撒与云雾状态的控制是提高ＦＡＥ威力的重要途径之一,本文讨论了与燃料抛撒和雾化有关的问题,并在实验基础上归纳得到云爆条件的基本关系式。