立方A^4＋M^5＋2O7型化合物与新型负热膨胀材料

概述了立方Ａ＾４＋Ｍ＾５＋２Ｏ７型化合物的结构特点，讨论了ＡＶ２－ｘＰｘＯ７型（Ａ＝Ｚｒ或Ｈｆ；ｘ＝０．１～１．２）及其部分取代的Ａ＾４＋１－ｙＢ＾４＋ｙＶ２－ｘＰｘＯ７型（Ｂ＝Ｔｉ，Ｃｅ，Ｔｈ，Ｕ，Ｍｏ，Ｐｔ，Ｐｂ，Ｓｎ，Ｇｅ或Ｓｉ；ｙ＝０．１～０．４）和Ａ＾４＋１－ｙＣ＾１＋ｙＤ＾３＋ｙＶ２－ｘＰｘＯ７型（Ｃ为碱金属元素，Ｄ为稀土金属元素）材料的负热膨胀性能。     

Li1+2x+yAlxNdyTi2-x-ySixP3-xO12系统的锂快离子导体研究

Ｌｉ１＋２ｘ＋ｙＡｌｘＮｄｙＴｉ２－ｘ－ｙＳｉｘＰ３－ｘＯ１２锂快离子导体可以用精选的天然高岭石Ａｌ４「Ｓｉ４Ｏ１０」（ＯＨ）８为起始原料，经与Ｌｉ２Ｃｏ３、ＴｉＯ２、ＮＨ４Ｈ２ＰＯ４进行高温（８００－１０００℃固相反应约２０ｈ而制得，一个空间群属于Ｒ３Ｃ的固溶体导电相可在ｙ＝０．５，ｘ≤０．３和ｙ＝１．０，ｘ≤０．４的组成范围内发现，该盯具有较好的电导性较低的活化能，起始组成ｙ＝１．０，ｘ＝０．     

钙钛矿型复合氧化物催化剂中过渡金属离子的状态及其间的相互作用

讨论了Ｂ位二元复下钛矿型复合氧化物ＬａＭｙＭ＇１－ｙＯ３（Ｍ，Ｍ＇＝Ｍｎ，Ｆｅ，Ｃｏ；ｙ＝０．０￣１．０）中过渡金属离子的状态及其间的相互作用。在Ｍｎ－Ｃｏ复合体系中，富锰区（ｙ〉０．５）Ｍｎ＾３＋－Ｏ＾２－－Ｍｎ＾４＋的铁磁超交换作用对样品的磁性起决定作用。富钴区（ｙ〉０．５）Ｃｏ＾２＋和Ｃｏ＾ＩＩＩ离子的存在及其浓度是影响磁性和电导性的主要因素。ｙ＝０．５时样品的结构决定了样品的强铁磁性质。在     

用于燃料电池的Ln_（1－x）Sr_xMnO_3系阴极材料的研究

用固相反应合成了Ｌｎ１－ｘＳｒｘＭｎＯ３（Ｌｎ＝Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ，Ｙｂ和Ｙ，ｘ≤０．５）系钙钛矿型多元氧化物，用Ｘ光衍射分析测定了反应产物的相组成和结构类型．离子半径＞０．１Ａ的Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ等取代后的Ｌｎ１－ｒＳｒｘＭｎＯ３仍具有正交ＬａＭｎＯ３的结构，而离子半径＜０．９５Ａ的Ｙ和Ｙｂ取代后的产物，则为六方结构（Ｙｂ，Ｙ）ＭｎＯ３及第二相Ｓｒ（Ｙｂ，Ｙ）２Ｏ４还测定了产物的烧结性能和电导率．发现（Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ）１－ｘＳｒｘＭｎＯ３的电导率比Ｌａ１－ｘＳｒｘＭｎＯ３约高一个数量级以上，而且都能在ＺｒＯ２固体电解质上形成结合良好的膜材，所以有可能成为另一类性能良好的燃料电池的阴极材料．     

AMT保护青铜的研究

采用电化学方法和ＸＰＳ、ＡＥＳ法研究５－氨基－２－巯基－１、３、４－噻二唑（ＡＭＴ）在青铜表面形成的保护膜。结果表明，ＡＭＴ溶液处理后的青铜试片在ｐＨ值为７的０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａ２ＳＯ４和５％ＮａＣｌ溶液中，其腐蚀过程受到了明显抑制，是由于ＡＭＴ在青铜表面形成Ｃｕ（Ｉ）ＡＭＴ络合物膜，其结构为Ｃｕ｜Ｃｕ２Ｏ｜Ｃｕ（Ｉ）ＡＭＴ。     

高温燃料电池阴极材料La（Sr）MnO3的电导性能研究

用固相合成法合成了（Ｌａ１－ｘＳｒｘ）１－ｙＭｎＯ３（ｘ＝０～５，ｙ＝０～０．１）单纯相化合物。在空气中用直流四探针法测定了各组成的电导率。测试温度范围为１００～９５０℃。其中（Ｌａ０．７Ｓｒ０．３）０．９５ＭｎＯ３具有最大的电导率。讨论了Ｌａ（Ｓｒ）ＭｎＯ３的电导机理。     

用于燃料电池的Ln1—xSrxMnO3系阴极材料的研究

用固相反应合成了Ｌｎ１－ｘＳｒｘＭｎＯ３系钙钛矿型多元氧化物，用Ｘ光衍射分析测定了反应产物 相组成和结构类型。离子半径〉０．１Ａ的Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ等取代后的Ｌｎ１－ｘＳｒｘＭｎＯ３仍具有正交ＬａＭｎＯ３的结构，而离子半径〈０．９５Ａ的Ｙ和Ｙｂ取代后的产物，则为六方结构（Ｙｂ，Ｙ）ＭｎＯ３及第二相Ｓｒ（Ｙｂ，Ｙ）２Ｏ４。还测定了产物的烧结性能的电导率。发现（Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ）１－ｘＳｒｘＭｎＯ     

Pb（Ni_（1／3）Nb_（2／3））O_3－PbZrO_3－PbTiO_3三

对Ｐｂ（Ｎｉ１／３Ｎｂ２／３Ｏ３－ＰｂＺｒＯ３－ＰｂＴｉＯ３，即ｘＰｂ（Ｎｉ１／３Ｎｂ２／３）Ｏ３－（１－ｘ）Ｐｂ（ＺｒδＴｉ１－δ）Ｏ３（０．２≤ｘ≤０．６，０．２≤δ≤０．５）三元系固溶体的压电性能进行了研究，结果表明材料压电活性较高的配方位于准同型相界（ＭＰＢ）附近，压电常数ｄ３１值可达２６０×１０－１２Ｃ／Ｎ．讨论了结构相变对压电性能的影响．     

(Ca,Mg)-α-Sialon的致密化,形成特性和显微结构

利用热压工艺制备了组份为（Ｃａ,Ｍｇ）ｘＳｉ１２－３ｘＡｌ３ｘＯｘＮ１６－ｘ（ｘ＝０．３、０．６、１．０和１．４）的（Ｃａ,Ｍｇ）－α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ。研究结果发现,当ｘ≥１．０时,材料的主晶相为α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ和含Ｍｇ的ＡｌＮＡ多型体。多型体的含量随ｘ值的增加而变大。以复合添加剂取代单一添加剂,不仅改善了α－Ａｉａｌｏｎ的烧结性能,ＴＥＭ和ＥＤＡＸ的结果还进一步表明添加的Ｃａ＾＋＋离子进入α－Ｓｉ     

稀土含氮黄长石固溶体R2Si3-xAlxO3+xN4-x的X射线衍射研究

用热压和无压烧结工艺，在１７００～１８００℃制备了含氮稀土黄长石固溶体Ｒ２Ｓｉ３－ｘＡｌｘＯ３＋ｘＮ４－ｘ（Ｒ＝Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，ｘ＝０，０．３，０．６，１．０，１．２；Ｒ＝Ｄｙ，Ｙ，Ｘ＝０，０．３，０．６，１．０；Ｒ＝Ｙｂ，Ｘ＝０，０．３）利用Ｇｕｉｎｉｅｒ－Ｈａｅｇｇ照相法，光密度计在ＬＳ－１８和相应的程序系统（ＳＣＡＮ，ＳＣＡＮＰＩ和ＰＩＲＵＭ）给出了稀土黄长石的Ｘ射线衍射图谱，精密测定了具有不同     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.