立方A^4＋M^5＋2O7型化合物与新型负热膨胀材料

概述了立方Ａ＾４＋Ｍ＾５＋２Ｏ７型化合物的结构特点，讨论了ＡＶ２－ｘＰｘＯ７型（Ａ＝Ｚｒ或Ｈｆ；ｘ＝０．１～１．２）及其部分取代的Ａ＾４＋１－ｙＢ＾４＋ｙＶ２－ｘＰｘＯ７型（Ｂ＝Ｔｉ，Ｃｅ，Ｔｈ，Ｕ，Ｍｏ，Ｐｔ，Ｐｂ，Ｓｎ，Ｇｅ或Ｓｉ；ｙ＝０．１～０．４）和Ａ＾４＋１－ｙＣ＾１＋ｙＤ＾３＋ｙＶ２－ｘＰｘＯ７型（Ｃ为碱金属元素，Ｄ为稀土金属元素）材料的负热膨胀性能。     

Li1+2x+yAlxNdyTi2-x-ySixP3-xO12系统的锂快离子导体研究

Ｌｉ１＋２ｘ＋ｙＡｌｘＮｄｙＴｉ２－ｘ－ｙＳｉｘＰ３－ｘＯ１２锂快离子导体可以用精选的天然高岭石Ａｌ４「Ｓｉ４Ｏ１０」（ＯＨ）８为起始原料，经与Ｌｉ２Ｃｏ３、ＴｉＯ２、ＮＨ４Ｈ２ＰＯ４进行高温（８００－１０００℃固相反应约２０ｈ而制得，一个空间群属于Ｒ３Ｃ的固溶体导电相可在ｙ＝０．５，ｘ≤０．３和ｙ＝１．０，ｘ≤０．４的组成范围内发现，该盯具有较好的电导性较低的活化能，起始组成ｙ＝１．０，ｘ＝０．     

用于燃料电池的Ln_（1－x）Sr_xMnO_3系阴极材料的研究

用固相反应合成了Ｌｎ１－ｘＳｒｘＭｎＯ３（Ｌｎ＝Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ，Ｙｂ和Ｙ，ｘ≤０．５）系钙钛矿型多元氧化物，用Ｘ光衍射分析测定了反应产物的相组成和结构类型．离子半径＞０．１Ａ的Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ等取代后的Ｌｎ１－ｒＳｒｘＭｎＯ３仍具有正交ＬａＭｎＯ３的结构，而离子半径＜０．９５Ａ的Ｙ和Ｙｂ取代后的产物，则为六方结构（Ｙｂ，Ｙ）ＭｎＯ３及第二相Ｓｒ（Ｙｂ，Ｙ）２Ｏ４还测定了产物的烧结性能和电导率．发现（Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ）１－ｘＳｒｘＭｎＯ３的电导率比Ｌａ１－ｘＳｒｘＭｎＯ３约高一个数量级以上，而且都能在ＺｒＯ２固体电解质上形成结合良好的膜材，所以有可能成为另一类性能良好的燃料电池的阴极材料．     

AMT保护青铜的研究

采用电化学方法和ＸＰＳ、ＡＥＳ法研究５－氨基－２－巯基－１、３、４－噻二唑（ＡＭＴ）在青铜表面形成的保护膜。结果表明，ＡＭＴ溶液处理后的青铜试片在ｐＨ值为７的０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａ２ＳＯ４和５％ＮａＣｌ溶液中，其腐蚀过程受到了明显抑制，是由于ＡＭＴ在青铜表面形成Ｃｕ（Ｉ）ＡＭＴ络合物膜，其结构为Ｃｕ｜Ｃｕ２Ｏ｜Ｃｕ（Ｉ）ＡＭＴ。     

钙钛矿型复合氧化物催化剂中过渡金属离子的状态及其间的相互作用

讨论了Ｂ位二元复下钛矿型复合氧化物ＬａＭｙＭ＇１－ｙＯ３（Ｍ，Ｍ＇＝Ｍｎ，Ｆｅ，Ｃｏ；ｙ＝０．０￣１．０）中过渡金属离子的状态及其间的相互作用。在Ｍｎ－Ｃｏ复合体系中，富锰区（ｙ〉０．５）Ｍｎ＾３＋－Ｏ＾２－－Ｍｎ＾４＋的铁磁超交换作用对样品的磁性起决定作用。富钴区（ｙ〉０．５）Ｃｏ＾２＋和Ｃｏ＾ＩＩＩ离子的存在及其浓度是影响磁性和电导性的主要因素。ｙ＝０．５时样品的结构决定了样品的强铁磁性质。在     

高温燃料电池阴极材料La（Sr）MnO3的电导性能研究

用固相合成法合成了（Ｌａ１－ｘＳｒｘ）１－ｙＭｎＯ３（ｘ＝０～５，ｙ＝０～０．１）单纯相化合物。在空气中用直流四探针法测定了各组成的电导率。测试温度范围为１００～９５０℃。其中（Ｌａ０．７Ｓｒ０．３）０．９５ＭｎＯ３具有最大的电导率。讨论了Ｌａ（Ｓｒ）ＭｎＯ３的电导机理。     

用于燃料电池的Ln1—xSrxMnO3系阴极材料的研究

用固相反应合成了Ｌｎ１－ｘＳｒｘＭｎＯ３系钙钛矿型多元氧化物，用Ｘ光衍射分析测定了反应产物 相组成和结构类型。离子半径〉０．１Ａ的Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ等取代后的Ｌｎ１－ｘＳｒｘＭｎＯ３仍具有正交ＬａＭｎＯ３的结构，而离子半径〈０．９５Ａ的Ｙ和Ｙｂ取代后的产物，则为六方结构（Ｙｂ，Ｙ）ＭｎＯ３及第二相Ｓｒ（Ｙｂ，Ｙ）２Ｏ４。还测定了产物的烧结性能的电导率。发现（Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ）１－ｘＳｒｘＭｎＯ     

Pb（Ni_（1／3）Nb_（2／3））O_3－PbZrO_3－PbTiO_3三

对Ｐｂ（Ｎｉ１／３Ｎｂ２／３Ｏ３－ＰｂＺｒＯ３－ＰｂＴｉＯ３，即ｘＰｂ（Ｎｉ１／３Ｎｂ２／３）Ｏ３－（１－ｘ）Ｐｂ（ＺｒδＴｉ１－δ）Ｏ３（０．２≤ｘ≤０．６，０．２≤δ≤０．５）三元系固溶体的压电性能进行了研究，结果表明材料压电活性较高的配方位于准同型相界（ＭＰＢ）附近，压电常数ｄ３１值可达２６０×１０－１２Ｃ／Ｎ．讨论了结构相变对压电性能的影响．     

La1-xCaxFe1-yCoyO3对氧气还原的催化活性

为了提高燃料电池、金属－空气电池中氧电极的性能,本工作合成了Ｌａ１－ｘＡ′ｘＦｅ１－ｙＣｏｙＯ３（Ａ′＝Ｃａ、Ｓｒ、ＢＡ）,作为氧气还原的催化剂,制成了氧电极,在碱性介质中以Ｈｇ／ＨｇＯ为参比电极测量了电极的极化曲线,考察了组成催化剂的电催化活性和化学稳定性的影响。用ＢＥＴ法测量了催化剂的表面积,发现ｘ＝０．４时,催化剂的比表面积最大,同时电催化性能也最强,本工作表明Ｌａ０．６Ｃａ０．４Ｃｏ０．４     

稀土含氮黄长石固溶体R2Si3-xAlxO3+xN4-x的X射线衍射研究

用热压和无压烧结工艺，在１７００～１８００℃制备了含氮稀土黄长石固溶体Ｒ２Ｓｉ３－ｘＡｌｘＯ３＋ｘＮ４－ｘ（Ｒ＝Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，ｘ＝０，０．３，０．６，１．０，１．２；Ｒ＝Ｄｙ，Ｙ，Ｘ＝０，０．３，０．６，１．０；Ｒ＝Ｙｂ，Ｘ＝０，０．３）利用Ｇｕｉｎｉｅｒ－Ｈａｅｇｇ照相法，光密度计在ＬＳ－１８和相应的程序系统（ＳＣＡＮ，ＳＣＡＮＰＩ和ＰＩＲＵＭ）给出了稀土黄长石的Ｘ射线衍射图谱，精密测定了具有不同     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Effect of Oxide Assisted Metal Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Morphology of Gallium oxide Nanowires

Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from