锅炉及压力容器用12Cr1MoVR钢板的焊接接头性能研究

采用正火+回火态12Cr1Mo VR热处理态钢板进行焊接工艺性及焊接接头性能试验。试验结果表明,12Cr1Mo VR热处理态钢板的焊接抗冷裂的预热温度应≥50℃。采用手工电弧焊和埋弧焊对钢板进行焊接接头工艺及性能试验,焊接接头的最高硬度HV10≤350,采用不同焊接焊接热输入焊接的12Cr1Mo VR钢板焊接接头具有良好的强韧性匹配,其焊接接头具有良好的抗中低温脆性断裂特性。     

爆炸复合钢板设备制造中的焊接缺陷及质量控制

爆炸焊接复合钢板设备在制造过程中焊接接头易产生裂纹等缺陷，对焊接接头缺陷产生原因进行分析，提出相应措施以避免缺陷产生。     

特大型天然气球罐用WEL-TEN610CF钢板的冲击与断裂性能

对特大型天然气球罐用WEL-TEN610CF钢板与焊接接头的冲击及断裂性能进行了试验研究。结果表明：钢板调质态与调质＋去应力处理状态在-20℃时都有较高的冲击性能,钢板和焊接接头在-20℃时都有着良好的断裂韧度,该钢用于-20℃以上工况的特大型球罐是可行的,所用焊接材料与母材匹配且焊接工艺合理。     

中重型卡车桥壳用390Q高强度钢的焊接性能

对可能用于中重型卡车桥壳的390Q高强度钢板进行了焊接试验,对焊接接头的显微组织、焊接冷裂纹的倾向及其力学性能进行了分析研究.结果表明:390Q钢板在较低的线能量下可获得较优良的焊接接头显微组织,且接头冷裂纹倾向较小,并有良好的冲击性能;在焊接性能方面390Q钢优于16MnL钢,可替代16MnL钢用于中重型卡车冲焊桥壳的制造.     

08MnNiVR高强度钢板埋弧横焊焊接试验研究

在石油储罐制造过程中,埋弧横焊焊接工艺是重要的施工工艺之一,为检验08MnNiVR高强度钢板的工艺适应性,在实验室对08MnNiVR高强度钢板进行了埋弧横焊焊接工艺的焊接模拟试验研究,研究包括焊接接头的力学性能试验、无塑性转变温度NDTT试验、裂纹尖端张开位移(CTOD)试验等,并对焊接接头的金相组织进行了分析,研究结果表明:08MnNiVR高强钢具有良好的埋弧横焊焊接接头性能,可以满足工程的要求.     

TC2钛合金焊缝与母材性能对比试验研究

对TC2钛合金焊接接头进行硬度测试以及拉伸、疲劳对比试验，并观察全部疲劳断口，分析焊接接头光滑试样的疲劳性能与影响因素。结果表明，焊缝区的硬度最高，约高于母材50HV，塑性较差，焊缝中的微观焊接缺陷是不可避免的，是影响焊接接头疲劳寿命的主要因素；热影响区的硬度较低，塑性较好，其拉伸强度是焊接接头部位的最薄弱区，但却有较好的疲劳性能。在99％可靠度的前提下，焊接接头的疲劳寿命约为母材寿命的46％。     

电镀锌钢板缝焊工艺的研究

本文介绍了电镀锌钢板在不同的焊接速度、焊接压力、焊接电流及焊接时间与休止时间通断比下完成缝焊试验。并对焊缝接头进行剥离试验、宏观断面检查及渗漏试验,结合试验的结果,分析焊接速度、焊接压力、焊接电流及焊接时间与休止时间通断比对接头性能及熔核尺寸的影响。     

大型储罐用12MnNiVR钢板焊接接头的腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展试验研究

对原油储罐用国产12MnNiVR钢板焊接接头进行了空气和储罐污水中的疲劳裂纹扩展试验。通过七点增量递增多项式局部拟合求导的方法,对试验过程中记录的各组数据进行处理,得到12MnNiVR钢板焊接接头在空气及原油储罐污水中的疲劳裂纹扩展特性。并用Paris公式对试验数据进行回归处理,得出其疲劳裂纹扩展速率方程。试验结果表明,石油储罐的污水溶液对12MnNiVR钢焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展速率没有显著影响。     

厚板SA508-3钢NG-SAW焊接接头的组织和性能

针对SA508-3钢,采用窄间隙埋弧焊方法对厚度100 mm钢板进行了焊接,分析不同焊接热输入下焊接接头的低温冲击、硬度分布、抗拉强度、弯曲性能,并对接头的显微组织和断口形貌进行了观察.试验结果表明,随着焊接热输入的增加,焊接接头中焊缝的冲击韧性逐渐增加,热影响区冲击韧性不断下降.不同焊接热输入下,焊接接头均有较好的韧...     

15MnVN(Cu)钢焊接性能试验研究

本文对30mm厚的15MnVN(Cu)正火钢板进行了可焊性试验及焊接接头性能试验。可焊性试验结果表明,试验用钢板焊接时应进行预热。用结557焊条进行手工焊、用H08MnMoA+焊剂431及H08MnMoA+焊剂350进行自动焊的焊接接头性能试验表明,手工焊缝的强度及韧性(a_K、NDT温度及δ_R)均很理想,焊剂350的自动焊缝的冲击韧性优于焊剂431的。     

激光焊接对镀锌平板力学性能及拉伸断口影响研究

采用光纤激光对海工装备中的镀锌平板进行焊接,对镀锌平板焊接接头母材区、热影响区、焊缝区的微观硬度进行测量,研究了焊接试样的拉伸性能和断口形貌。结果表明,激光焊接接头的强度和硬度均高于母材。焊缝区接头组织获得了低碳马氏体,因而接头硬度不及热影响区高。     

激光焊接对镀锌平板力学性能及拉伸断口影响研究

采用光纤激光对海工装备中的镀锌平板进行焊接,对镀锌平板焊接接头母材区、热影响区、焊缝区的微观硬度进行测量,研究了焊接试样的拉伸性能和断口形貌。结果表明,激光焊接接头的强度和硬度均高于母材。焊缝区接头组织获得了低碳马氏体,因而接头硬度不及热影响区高。     

基于"生死单元"技术的焊缝缺陷模拟

应用有限元方法，计算分析带几何缺陷焊接接头力学性能。通过杀死焊接接头有限元模型中相应位置的单元，模拟存在的几何缺陷。计算分析带有气孔或咬边缺陷的焊接接头应力分布特性和应力集中程度，验证了应用生死单元模拟几何缺陷的有效性。通过对建模方法的比较，表明生死单元技术能够灵活模拟缺陷。     

Attempt Towards the Replacement of Radiography with Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing of Steel Plate Welded Joints Performed on Bridges and Other Applications

This study was carried out to demonstrate if the phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) can be adopted as a suitable substitute of the radiography testing (RT) of steel plate’s welded joints required by codes and standards related to some projects such as bridges construction and inspection according to AWS D1.5 Bridge welding code. Such adoption, if approved, can realize considerable cost saving without taking any additional risk. The two cited inspection techniques had been applied to test four butt welded joints performed on steel plates having thicknesses up to 35 mm. These welded joints had been performed by shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and containing selected artificial flaws. The comparison between the detection capabilities and characterization of flaws in the welded joints by the two inspection techniques reveals that; PAUT improves the detection capability and sizing of flaws in the welded joints and it can replace RT reliably in case of applying a suitable PAUT procedure that includes simultaneous application of sectorial scan from both sides of the welded joints axes by using encoder with wide active aperture phased array probes and applying supplemental manual scanning for edge testing.     

热轧410S不锈钢板材钨极氩弧焊焊接接头的组织与性能

通过对热轧410S不锈钢板材手工钨极氩弧焊(TIG)焊接接头的组织观察、无损检测、力学性能和耐晶间腐蚀性能试验,以及铁素体含量和显微硬度的测定,研究了热轧410S不锈钢板材TIG焊接接头的组织与性能。结果表明:采用TIG方法焊接410S不锈钢接头的抗拉强度不低于母材的,而且塑性良好;焊接接头的宏观形貌呈铸造粗大组织,并具有明显的外延生长特性;焊缝组织主要为柱状晶奥氏体+沿柱状晶分布的δ铁素体,δ铁素体体积分数为15%~20%;热影响区的马氏体在焊接热的作用下发生了M→γ→M相变,原处于晶界条带中细小的颗粒状马氏体被黑色的团块状马氏体所替代;该焊接接头的晶间腐蚀倾向按热影响区、母材、焊缝顺序依次降低。     

Acoustic-emission study of the possibilities of localizing flaws of a welded joint during cooling

A method of localizing acoustic-emission signals from flaws of a welded joint during its cooling is considered. Aluminum and titanium inserts were used to simulate flaws of the welded joint. The developed technique of clustering made it possible to exclude noise accompanying the processes of welding and cooling the welded joint. The welded specimens were tested on an MTS-50 loading machine. At the finishing stage, specimens with double-sided welded joints containing titanium inserts were subjected to metallographic analysis.     

Low cost digital radiography system for weld joints and castings testing

A low cost digital radiography system (DRS) for testing weld joints and castings in laboratory was assembled. The DRS is composed from X-ray source, scintillator, first surface mirror with Aluminum coating, charged coupled device (CCD) camera and lens. The DRS was used to test flawed carbon steel welded plates with thicknesses up to 12 mm. The comparison between the digital radio-graphs of the plates weldments and the radiographs of the same plates weldments using medium speed film type had shown that, the detection capability of the weld flaws are nearly identical for the two radiography techniques, while the sensitivity achieved in digital radiography of the plates weldments was one Image Qualits Indicator (IQI) wire less than the sensitivity achieved by conventional radiography of the same plates weldments according to EN 462-1. Further, the DRS was also successfully used to test (100 × 100 × 100) mm³ Aluminum casting with artificial flaws of varied dimensions and orientations. The resulted digital radiographs of the casting show that, all the flaws had been detected and their dimensions can be measured accurately, this confirm that. The proposed DRS can be used to detect and measure the flaws in the Aluminum and others light metals castings accurately.     

沉淀硬化不锈钢真空电子束焊接工艺研究

介绍了15—5PH马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢材料的特点和应用场合,着重论述了该材料的真空电子束焊接工艺试验。试件经X射线探伤显示焊缝质量满足国军标I级,焊接接头在室温下的力学性能指标均满足设计和使用要求,从而验证了15—5PH不锈钢材料具有优异的真空电子柬焊接性能。该工艺方法已成功应用于某产品天线座转台的研制。     

铝合金焊接接头疲劳强度试验研究

通过焊接接头疲劳试验,对铝台金3A21和5083焊接接头疲劳性能和相应S-N曲线进行分析,计算对接和不同角接头疲劳强度和曲线参数,分析不同接头几何形状和焊趾半径对疲劳强度的影响,并且对不同几何型式的接头以及铝合金与钢焊接接头疲劳试验结果进行比较。不同的承载方式和接头几何型式导致应力集中;焊趾半径大小决定应力集中程度,最终影响焊接接头的疲劳强度。     

Q355NE+SUS304异种金属焊接接头组织与腐蚀疲劳性能研究

以Q355NE+SUS304异种金属焊接接头为研究对象,对其显微组织、3.5%NaCl+0.5%Na2SO4(质量分数),PH=5溶液腐蚀疲劳和腐蚀疲劳断裂特征进行了研究,分析了异种金属焊接接头腐蚀疲劳性能和断裂过程。结果表明:试验级腐蚀疲劳极限在170MPa左右,腐蚀疲劳裂纹起源于Q355NE侧的热影响区,逐渐扩展最终断裂于接头焊缝区,异种金属焊接接头构件级腐蚀疲劳通过4吨极限加载条件下的200万次试验,未发生破坏。