齿面摩擦激励对面齿轮传动系统 振动特性的影响

以正交面齿轮传动系统为研究对象,建立了考虑齿面摩擦激励的面齿轮传动系统非线性动力学模型,基于4~5阶的自适应变步长的龙格库塔法对该模型进行数值仿真求解,结合分岔图、时间历程图、poincare图等分析齿面摩擦系数对系统的振动特性的影响,并研究不同参数对系统响应发生倍周期分岔时摩擦系数临界点的影响。结果表明:系统响应随齿面摩擦系数的增大依次呈现出单周期简谐响应、倍周期次谐响应、混沌响应;面齿轮齿宽和圆柱齿轮驱动扭矩越大,系统响应发生倍周期分岔时的摩擦系数临界点数值越大,且随着齿宽和驱动扭矩的增大,其摩擦系数临界点变化曲线斜率越小,驱动扭矩对其变化曲线斜率较齿宽影响大;面齿轮齿数和系统齿侧间隙越大,系统响应发生倍周期分岔时的摩擦系数临界点数值越小,其摩擦系数临界点变化曲线斜率随面齿轮齿数增大而减小,而齿侧间隙对其变化曲线斜率基本没有影响。     

负载与支承刚度对面齿轮传动系统动态特性的影响分析

为研究负载及支承刚度变化时对面齿轮传动系统动态特性的影响,建立了包含支承、齿侧间隙、时变啮合刚度、综合传动误差、阻尼和负载激励等参数的系统弯-扭耦合动力学模型,并使用PNF（Poincaré-Newton-Floquet）方法进行求解。计算结果表明,在不同的负载及支承刚度条件下,系统会出现简谐响应、次谐响应、拟周期响应及混沌响应4类稳态响应。增加负载及支承刚度能有效降低系统的动载荷,而增大支承刚度还可以减小面齿轮支承在方向与方向上的振动位移幅值差距。     

含齿面分形啮合刚度的齿轮传动系统动力学

为研究考虑齿面分形特性的时变啮合刚度对齿轮-轴承系统的影响,用分形理论描述齿轮轮廓,采用Weber-Banaschek公式计算和分析不同分形维数D对齿轮时变啮合刚度的影响,将不同分形维数D下的刚度代入计及滑动轴承非线性油膜力、综合传递误差及齿侧间隙等因素的齿轮-轴承系统中,分析不同分形维数D下的刚度对系统动力学特性的影响.采用Runge-Kutta法求解系统动力学微分方程,得到系统响应的相图、Poincaré截面图、时域图、分岔图以及三维频谱图等.结果表明:随着分形维数D的增大,时变啮合刚度波动降低,系统趋于更加稳定的周期运动;相比含随机扰动的刚度,齿轮-轴承系统对于考虑齿面分形特性的齿轮啮合刚度的变化更加敏感,更能表现因齿廓变化导致的系统响应的变化;随着阻尼比的增大,系统会趋于相对稳定的单周期运动.     

渐开线花键连接的非线性动力学特性

为给花键连接磨损分析和寿命预估提供精确的数值基础,对渐开线花键的非线性动力学特性进行研究.利用集中质量模型建立具有齿侧间隙的花键连接四自由度非线性动力学方程,计算花键连接实际接触齿对数及综合时变啮合刚度,采用四阶Runge-Kutta法求解花键连接非线性动力学方程.计算结果表明:花键副啮合刚度随时间呈周期性变化,随扭矩呈分段线性分布;当系统转速为300 r/min时,系统呈简谐响应;转速为348 r/min时,系统呈两周期响应;转速为360 r/min时,系统呈5周期响应;转速为1 080 r/min时,系统进入混沌响应;花键副的动载系数也呈周期性变化,并随扭矩及齿侧间隙的的增大而增大.减小渐开线花键链接的齿侧间隙,有利于降低动态载荷,提高花键副工作的稳定性.     

复合行星齿轮传动系统非线性动力学建模与振动特性

为了深入研究复合行星轮系的非线性特性,采用集中质量法建立了一种考虑时变啮合刚度、齿侧间隙和齿轮副综合啮合误差的复合行星齿轮系统的非线性动力学模型.通过引入相对啮合位移、无量纲时间尺寸和激励频率对非线性动力学模型进行了无量纲处理,消除了系统的刚体位移.基于变步长Gill积分法编写了计算程序,求解了非线性微分方程组的动态响应.最后,综合运用时间历程图、相图、Poincaré映射和功率谱对各类响应进行了比较和分析,研究了系统在不同无量纲激励频率激励时所表现单周期、拟周期、多周期和混沌的非线性特性,结果发现系统蕴含了丰富的非线性特性,存在着拟周期通过锁相进入混沌的途径.     

两级齿轮减速器非线性振动特性研究

为研究齿轮减速器中齿隙等非线性因素对系统振动特性的影响,建立了包含多齿隙的两级直齿轮减速器的8自由度非线性动力学模型.以一个两级齿轮减速器为例,利用数值方法对建立的非线性微分方程进行了求解,获得了不同参数条件下齿轮副及支撑轴振动响应中的吸引子共存现象,包括简谐与次谐吸引子共存、拟周期与简谐和次谐吸引子共存、简谐与次谐和非简谐吸引子共存、非简谐与混沌吸引子共存、混沌吸引子共存等,并分析了齿轮副的工作状态.结果表明,齿隙等非线性因素使系统的振动具有了丰富的非线性特性,且对齿轮副分离和冲击有很大影响.     

含裂纹齿轮传动系统动力学特性研究

为研究齿根裂纹扩展导致的啮合刚度变化对齿轮箱振动的影响,基于含裂纹齿轮系统动力学模型分析了齿轮传动系统的动力学特性。首先建立了渐开线直齿轮两级传动系统的集中参数模型;然后根据该模型,利用数值方法模拟了齿根裂纹的扩展过程,进而采用能量法求解不同裂纹尺寸的齿轮时变啮合刚度;最后将刚度激励作为齿轮系统的激励,代入传动系统集中参数模型,得到传动系统的动力学响应。结果表明:在含裂纹轮齿啮合过程中,齿轮速度级振动时域信号产生周期性冲击变化,而加速度级振动时域信号产生更剧烈的振动冲击;系统负载和转速主要影响动力学响应的幅值、周期和相位;不同故障形式导致齿轮的动力学响应的频率发生变化,主要体现在峰值、频带分布上。该研究结果有助于了解齿轮萌生疲劳裂纹并扩展时齿轮传动系统的动力学特性,为齿轮系统健康状况检测提供理论依据。     

汽车后雨刮器齿轮连杆机构非线性动态性能分析

齿侧间隙、外部动态激励等为控制参数,利用 MATLAB/SIMULINK 对连杆齿轮非线性动力学模型进行数值 仿真。结果表明,随着齿侧间隙不断增大,系统由 2 周期响应过渡到 4 周期响应,系统动载荷幅值先减小后增大, 机构系统也趋于不平稳状态;随着输入转矩不断增大,系统由 2 周期响应逐渐过渡到混沌,系统动载荷幅值增大, 当输入转矩过大时,机构系统变为混沌状态。由此在控制齿侧间隙、外部动态激励在某一范围,能有效的控制齿 轮系统的非线性振动响应。该研究成果为齿轮连杆机构设计制造和安装以及参数优化提供了理论支撑。     

正交面齿轮传动系统分岔特性

为了研究面齿轮传动的非线性动力学分岔特性,建立了包含支承、齿侧间隙、时变啮合刚度、综合误差、阻尼和外激励等参数的系统弯-扭耦合动力学模型,并使用PNF(Poincaré-Newton-Floquet)方法对系统进行了求解.计算结果表明:当时变啮合刚度幅值系数从0.4增加到0.5时,系统会由倍周期分岔进入混沌;当啮合阻尼...     

多间隙耦合非线性动力系统的分叉与混沌

在不考虑齿面摩擦的情况下 ,建立了齿轮 -转子 -轴承系统的 3自由度多间隙耦合的振动模型 ;利用数值方法 ,求得了系统的稳态响应 ,绘制了系统振动位移在不同支承条件下随激励频率的分叉图 ,借助响应的时间历程、相轨迹、Poincaré映射、Fourier谱及 Lyapunov指数等分析了响应的特性。由计算结果发现 :在支承刚度较大时 ,该 3自由度多间隙耦合系统经倍周期分叉进入混沌 ,而在支承刚度较小时 ,系统经拟周期分叉进入混沌。在增大支承间隙时 ,系统响应会发生跳跃和失稳现象     

Forced oscillations with time-varying mesh stiffness and backlash in gear systems

A dynamic model to describe the torsional vibration behaviors of a spur gear system is presented in this paper.Differential equations of nonlinear dynamics for the gear system exhibiting combined nonlinearity influence such as time-varying mesh stiffness,backlash and dynamic transmission error(DTE) were obtained.The method of multiple scales was employed to solve the nonlinear differential equations with parametric excitation in gear systems,by which both the frequency-response curves of the primary resonance caused by internal excitation and the analytical periodic solutions of nonlinear differential equations were obtained.The nonlinear influence of stiffness variation,the damping and the internal excitation on the system response was shown by frequency-response curves.Compared with numerical examples,the approximate analytical solutions are in good agreement with exact solutions,which proves that the method of multiple scales is effective for solving nonlinear problems in gear systems.     

求解齿轮系统非线性动力学微分方程的多尺度方法

首先建立了描述齿轮系统扭转振动的动力学分析模型,并推导出综合考虑时变啮合刚度、齿侧间隙、动态传递误差等非线性因素的齿轮系统非线性动力学的统一微分方程。介绍了用于求解齿轮系统非线性动力学微分方程的多尺度方法的原理,并推导了频率响应方程。利用多尺度方法获得的近似解析解与直接进行数值积分所获得的精确解吻合得较好,表明多尺度方法是求解复杂非线性微分方程最有效的方法之一。     

含弹性支撑的船用减速器箱体动态特性

为分析弹性支承对船用减速器动态特性的影响,提高其动态性能,综合考虑齿轮时变啮合刚度、齿轮偏心误差及啮合误差等因素的影响,依据各零件作用力传递关系,建立传动系统动力学模型,计算系统动态激励．采用有限元法构建齿轮箱稳态动响应分析模型,应用弹簧单元对其底部支撑进行模拟,依据自编制动响应求解流程,对齿轮箱在系统动激励作用下的稳态响应进行求解,得到齿轮箱节点振动加速度响应时域历程及其频谱．引入齿轮箱隔振系统频率比概念,分析支撑刚度对齿轮箱振动传递及倾斜变形的影响,发现当频率比为2～3时可达到较好的支撑效果,为齿轮箱的设计提供了理论依据．     

Theoretical and experimental study on non-linear vibration characteristic of gear transmission system

In order to investigate the vibration of gear transmission system with clearance, a vibratory test-bed of the gear transmission system was designed. The non-linear dynamic model of the system was presented, with consideration of the effects of nonlinear dynamic gear mesh excitation, flexible rotors and bearings. Integration method was used to investigate the non-linear dynamic response of the system. The results imply that when the mesh frequency is near the natural frequency of gear pair, it is the first primary resonance, the bifurcation appears, and the vibration becomes to be chaotic motion rapidly. When the speed is close to the natural frequency of the first-order bending vibration, it is the second primary resonance, the periodic motion changes to chaos by period doubling bifurcation. The vibratory measurement of test-bed of the gear transmission system was performed. Accelerometers were employed to measure the high frequency vibration. Experimental results show that the vibration acceleration of the gear transmission system includes mesh frequency and sideband. The numerical calculation results of low speed can be validated by experimental results basically. It means that the presented non-linear dynamic model of the gear transmission system is right.     

Effect of Tooth Profile Modification on Vibration of Power Split Gear Transmission System

Based on Newton''s second law, the bend-torsion-shaft coupling nonlinear dynamic model and equations of power split gear transmission system are established. According to the principle of tooth profile modification, the tooth profile modification is considered as time-varying gear backlash function acting along the line of action. Then the dynamic functions are solved by using Runge-Kutta numerical method. After analyzing the effect of tooth profile modification quantity(TPMQ) and relative tooth profile modification length(TPML) to the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of power split gear transmission, the following conclusions are drawn: ①The TPMQ of a certain stage transmission affects the vibration of its own stage more significantly than the other stage, and the coupling effect between two stages can be ignored usually in the modification design; ②If the first stage TPMLs are less than 0.3, the influence of the first stage TPMLs to the first stage transmission vibration is much more greatly than the influence of the second stage TPMLs to the first stage transmission vibration, or else both the first and second stage TPMLs affect the first stage transmission vibration largely. The same is true for the second stage TPMLs, and the cutoff value is 0.2; ③The TPMQ affects the vibration of power split gear transmission system more principally than the TPML, and should be top-priority in the modification design.     

载荷分流式多级行星齿轮传动参数优化设计（“研究生论坛”稿件）

提出了一种风电增速箱用载荷分流式两级行星齿轮新型传动机构,应用转化机构法和行星齿轮传动构件速度间的普遍公式,求得了该新型传动机构的总传动比公式。研究表明,传动比随着两级行星排特性参数的取值的增加而增大,在区间[3,8]之间传动比最大取值为73。在此基础上对载荷分流三级行星传动系统的参数优化问题进行了研究。结果表明,给出的优化设计方法和得到的优化设计参数,能够显著的降低载荷分流式风电增速箱多级传动系统的体积。     

Dynamic load sharing behavior of transverse-torsional coupled planetary gear train with multiple clearances

A new nonlinear transverse-torsional coupled model with backlash and bearing clearance was proposed for planetary gear set. Meanwhile, sun gear and planet's eccentricity errors, static transmission error, and time-varying meshing stiffness were taken into consideration. The differential governing equations of motion were solved by employing variable step-size Rung-Kutta numerical integration method. The behavior of dynamic load sharing characteristics affected by the system parameters including input rate, sun gear's supporting stiffness and eccentricity error, planet's eccentricity error, sun gear's bearing clearance, backlashes of sun-planet and planet-ring meshes were investigated qualitatively and systematically. Some theoretical results are summarized at last which extend the current understanding of the dynamic load sharing behavior of planet gear train, enrich the related literature and provide references for the design of planetary gear train.     

风电齿轮箱多级行星齿轮耦合传动系统数学建模及振型

以风电增速箱载荷分流式两级行星轮系一级平行轴齿轮动力耦合传动系统为研究对象,计入多级藕合传动系统的轮齿啮合误差、啮合阻尼、啮合刚度、级间耦合刚度、组件的转动惯量等影响因素,采用集中参数法建立了多级耦合传动系统的动力学模型.根据风电增速箱三级传动系统的有关参数,进行了系统的固有特性研究,归纳总结了多级传动系统的振动模式.分析表明该系统具有8种典型振动模式,即一二级间耦合振动模式、二三级间耦合振动模式、三级间整体耦合振动模式、第一级行星齿轮重根振动模式、第二级行星齿轮重根振动模式、第一级行星轮系单级振动模式、第二级行星轮系单级振动模式和第三级平行轴齿轮单级振动模式,并且进一步研究了第一级行星架和第二级内齿圈间的耦合刚度对系统固有特性的影响.与单级行星轮系的振动模式相比,多级行星传动系统的振动模式更多样和更复杂.