确定电子产品MTBF增长的Bayes方法

本文用Bayes方法估计经历研制试验的电子产品失效率(或MTBF)问题。进行了m组寿命试验,其失效率满足条件:λ_1>λ_2>…>λ_m。感兴趣的参数是产品最后阶段的失效率λ_m。在取没有验前知识的共轭型验前分布时,容易得到λ_m的边缘验后概率密度函数。为了满足工程实践的需要,推导了近似解,并举例说明。     

IC失效率的预测研究

前几篇论文中,曾对我厂多年来生产的IC进行了长达七千多小时的可靠性试验。经数据处理得出了重要的可靠性参数失效率λ、平均寿命等。可以看出我厂生产的IC可靠性已达到了较高水平。这里,再对若干电路进行了失效率的预测研究,得出的失效率λ值与试验数据处理得出的失效率λ值相比较,均在同一数量级。证明此方法可省人力、物力和财力,既能提供可靠信息,又可为厂增加经济效益。     

锌银蓄电池失效分析及预防措施

以工作电流和工作温度为主要考虑因素,建立了锌银蓄电池基本失效率模型和工作失效率模型。以试验数据为基础,采用失效率模型,通过数值计算得到基本失效率预计值,将预计值与试验值进行了比较,结果表明,得到的失效率模型可以应用于工程实践,为预防锌银蓄电池失效提供了理论基础,对锌银蓄电池在飞机上的正确使用具有重要意义。     

锌银航空蓄电池失效分析及对策

以工作电流和工作温度为主要考虑因素,建立了锌银航空蓄电池基本失效率模型和工作失效率模型。以试验数据为基础,采用失效率模型,通过数值计算得到基本失效率预计值,将预计值与试验值进行了比较,结果表明,得到的失效率模型可以应用于工程实践,为预防锌银航空蓄电池失效提供了基础,对锌银航空蓄电池在飞机上的正确使用具有重要意义。     

半导体器件可靠性估算的序列试验法

器件的失效率λ可用阿里尼乌斯方程λ=Ae~(-E/KT)决定。器件所能承受的热循环次数也可认为是服从指数模型N=φe~(aT)的。利用这些模型获得了热疲劳寿命试验的序列法。此法利用数学方程获得了平均无故障时间(MTBF)相对于热循环次数的退化率δ=Pexp[p△T (q/T)]。换句话说,预热循环能使器件的MTBF减少。     

某低空导弹电子控制舱的可靠性预测研究

文中介绍了IC、分立器件、电阻、电阻网络及电容器的工作失效率模型。给出了KJ系列及几种运算放大器长期可靠性试验结果,经数据处理得出了重要的可靠性参数失效率λ_((t))、平均寿命等。     

MCM-C耐高过载试验研究

探讨了耐高过载概念的基本内涵，介绍了MCM—C耐高过载试验研究的主要内容和试验方法，给出了MCM—C耐高过载试验研究的结果和分析结论。     

调频连续波SAR MCM成像算法

针对调频连续波SAR实时成像问题,提出了一种新的"乘法-卷积-乘法"(MCM)成像算法.在详细分析调频连续波SAR信号特征的基础上,算法采用MCM方法完成距离向处理,仅需FFT和乘法运算即可实现去斜率信号的时间尺度变换,从而实现距离徙动的精确校正.采用步进变换实现方位向压缩,不需要几何校正即可获得高质量的压缩效果.算法运算效率高,适合实时成像处理.给出了算法的推导过程和实现步骤,通过仿真试验证明了算法的正确性和有效性.     

L波段硅脉冲功率管52000器件小时的脉冲射频加速寿命试验

利用红外热像显微测量峰值结温方法对L波段硅脉冲功率晶体管在脉冲射频(f=1.3 GHz,Pin=40 W,r=150μs,D=10％)和峰值结温220℃条件下进行52000器件小时的脉冲射频加速寿命试验.由此估算出该功率管在峰值结温125℃和上述RF条件下,器件失效率λ≤1.59×10-7h-1.试验分析表明,采用本试...     

电子元器件快速评价新方法的应用研究

本文提出了电子元器件一种新的快速评价方法(CETRM),具有快速、准确、成本低、效率高等优点.能快速准确地确定元器件退化的失效敏感参数、退化机理;可对单样品求出与失效机理相应的失效激活能和寿命;通过多样品试验,可得到寿命分布、寿命加速特性和失效率等可靠性参数.以高频小功率管3DG130样品为例,通过验证实验和与现场数据对比,证明了新方法的正确和有效.本方法特别适用于失效率优于10-7/h(λ<10-7/h)产品的可靠性定量评价,其试验周期为传统方法的1/8.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks