基于热成像的材料热扩散率测量方法研究

将一种基于热成像的薄片材料热扩散率测量方法的理论模型由二维拓展到三维,以适用于更大厚度材料的热扩散率测量。指出该方法适用的特征条件为:Z向空间导数值与材料表面和周围环境的温度差值为线性关系。仿真分析了传热距离与激励时间对特征条件的影响以及相关的信噪比问题,并在304不锈钢材料实测实验中依照仿真分析设置传热距离和激励时间以满足特征条件,结果显示厚度为1 mm和2 mm的不锈钢材料测量偏差均在3.0%以内,厚度为5 mm的不锈钢材料测量的偏差为4.1%,从而扩大了该测量方法的适用范围。     

基于脉冲涡流热成像的面内方向性热扩散率测量

针对导电材料面内方向性热扩散率的测量,提出脉冲涡流热成像法这一新方法。该方法采用感应式脉冲线激励源,在导电试件表面形成沿一定方向的感应涡流,实现局部热激励,在非稳态条件下实现了材料面内方向热扩散率的测量;简单调节试件与线感应激励线圈的角度,就可以快速无损非接触地测量试件在垂直线圈方向上的热扩散率值。对感应线激励下面内热传导及高斯温度分布进行了分析,分别对AISI304不锈钢、纯铁、纯镍3种材料的热扩散率进行了测量,测量结果与手册值相符,偏差小于9.0%,相对扩展不确定度分别为3.18%,3.72%,3.70%。     

利用红外热成像技术测算碳纤维材料的热扩散系数

利用红外热成像技术测算了5种碳纤维材料的热扩散系数，并分析了影响测量准确度的因素。结果表明，利用红外热成像技术可以方便、快速地测算出碳纤维材料的导热性能参数值，从而为这类材料导热参数的测算提供了一种新颖、可行的方法。     

红外热成像技术在零件无损检测中的发展和应用现状

红外热成像技术是一种通过外加激励获得零件表面温度场分布,并从热像图中提取零件损伤信息的无损检测技术,它具有快速、实时、非接触等优点,研究和应用前景广阔。综述了红外热成像无损检测技术的发展现状和应用实例,通过对比3种常用的红外热成像技术:脉冲红外热成像、超声红外热成像和锁相红外热成像,认为超声锁相红外热成像技术具有其他几种技术无法比拟的优势,并从检测工艺和信号处理等方面提出了改进此技术的具体措施。     

基于LabVIEW的热扩散率测量系统

对中国计量科学研究院的热扩散率测量系统的数据采集硬件进行了改进与提高,并以LabVIEW为主要开发工具,编写了一套新的数据采集处理软件,增加了频谱分析、数字滤波及各项实验数据修正等功能.与改进之前相比,该系统的测量重复性由2%提高到3 ‰,测量效率和准确度得到较大提高.     

石墨材料热扩散率的评价：微结构和热扩散率的关系

石墨材料热扩散率的评价——微结构和热扩散率的关系前言以往，关于固体的热扩散率，计量研究所一般采用瞬时激光法从室温到高温进行高精度的测定。本文介绍另一种关于热扩散率的测定方法，测量精度有所提高。即以组成试料的全部材料作为对象，由点到线和面开展测定。石墨...     

固体材料热扩散率测量系统研究

研制了基于激光闪光法的热扩散率测量装置,利用机械泵和分子泵对炉内抽真空,之后对炉膛进行加热,采用大功率脉冲激光仪激励被测样品,样品受激光照射的面温度升高,热量开始传导向另一面,红外探测器实时记录此温升变化过程,温升信号经放大器放大后转换成电压信号输入至采集卡,采集卡与电脑软件进行通讯,自行编写的测量软件实时计算处理数据,分析得到样品的热扩散率值。利用该系统对标准样品在300~1300℃温度范围内进行了实验,测量重复性小于0.85%。     

激光闪光法测量材料热扩散率的漏热修正

采用激光闪光法测量材料的热扩散率,其中对漏热的修正目前主要有参数估计法、Cowan修正、ASTM修正三种方法。本文对这三种方法分别进行了介绍,并在中国计量科学研究院最新建立的激光热导仪上对PTB提供的标准试样奥氏体不锈钢进行测量,对测量结果利用这三种方法进行修正比较,发现这三种方法各有其优缺点以及各自适用的温度范围,为选择合适的漏热修正方法提供了依据。     

激光闪光法测量固体材料热扩散率的研究进展

基于瞬态原理的激光闪光法因其具有所用试样小、测试周期短等优点,在测量固体材料的热扩散率方面发挥了重要作用,应用较为广泛。根据近些年来在激光闪光法可测材料种类、关键技术问题以及优化和改进3个方面的研究进展,介绍了其应用情况,并分析总结了其研究重点、难点以及研究价值,最后讨论了激光闪光法存在的挑战和前景,为未来激光闪光法在更多领域的应用提供参考。     

薄膜热扩散率及耦合层厚度的光声检测

从一维四层煤质模型出发,在只考虑试样吸收光的假设下,得出传声器检测时空气中的光声信号的相位响应。由此对厚度为２０μｍ的铝膜和４μｍ的镍膜的热扩散率进行了测定,并对薄膜与背衬之间的油耦合层作了估算。实验结果表明光声技术不仅可用来检测分层媒质表面层材料的热物性,而且还有可能估测内层煤质的厚度或热扩散率。     

Investigation of Uncooled Microbolometer Focal Plane Array Infrared Camera for Quantitative Thermography

Thermal nondestructive evaluation has shown promise as a potential NDE technology for next generation US Army rotorcraft structures because it is rapid, noncontacting, and able to inspect complex geometries. To successfully apply thermal inspection systems for field use, the cost and size must be lowered. The infrared camera is a major factor contributing to the overall cost of commercially available thermal inspection systems. Recent advances in uncooled microbolometer focal plane array detectors have resulted in low cost, small size/weight, and low power consumption cameras. These attributes make this technology well suited for portable low cost thermal inspection systems. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the capabilities of the new microbolometer infrared cameras for quantitative thermal nondestructive evaluation. Quantitative thermal diffusivity and thickness images are obtained by minimizing the squared difference between the data and a thermal model on samples with fabricated defects. Critical infrared camera features such as spatial and temperature resolution, detector response time, and detector stability are studied by comparing results to a conventional thermal imaging camera using a cooled InSb focal plane array detector. Finally several techniques are presented to improve the camera’s performance. These techniques include temporal background subtraction, use of a synchronized electronic shutter system, and cyclic flash heating.     

Review on the Fatigue Temperature Evolution of Structural Metal

With the rapid development of infrared imaging technology in last decades, the application range of the nondestructive examination, including fatigue testing,is continuously wider. By reviewing the studies and utilizations of temperature evolution during metal undergoing cyclic loading, this paper provides a reference and also guidance for further research. According to the articles on fatigue temperature evolution, the present overview summarized general rule and characteristics of fatigue temperature evolution. The cause of this temperature evolution is specifically analyzed. Some fatigue life prediction methodologies based on the temperature evolution are systematically reviewed. Finally, a prospect of this research direction is given.     

石墨烯及其复合材料导热系数测量的研究进展

石墨烯是当下材料学研究的热点和难点,其优越的导热性能,超越了绝大多数的材料,具有广泛的运用前景。近10年来,石墨烯产业的快速发展对其导热系数准确测量的需求越来越迫切。对石墨烯及其复合材料的定义、制备方法和在散热上的应用进行了综述;介绍了传统的导热系数测量方法,以及适用于石墨烯导热系数测量的激光闪光-拉曼光谱法和电热微桥法,对比了部分文献报道的石墨烯导热系数测量值;对熔融注塑法制备的还原氧化石墨烯和聚丙烯复合材料样品的导热系数和热扩散系数进行了测量,从热扩散系数测量结果发现其导热性能存在严重的各向异性;根据测量研究进展指出当前石墨烯及其复合材料导热系数测量存在的问题,并分析了导致这些问题的原因;最后,对石墨烯及其复合材料导热系数测量的研究进展进行总结和展望。     

红外热成像在聚焦换能器焦平面测量中的应用

为了更好地研究聚焦超声换能器的声场特性,提出了一种利用红外热成像技术测量聚焦换能器焦域尺寸的方法。通过在换能器焦平面上放置薄膜型吸声材料,使用红外热成像仪测量超声功率作用下焦平面上的温度分布来确定焦域尺寸。使用水听器扫描法对相同的聚焦换能器进行了测量,并对聚焦换能器的声场分布进行了理论分析,结果显示-6dB波束宽度的不一致性在5%以内,验证了利用红外热成像技术测量聚焦超声换能器声场分布的可行性。     

A Nonstationary Method and Experimental Equipment for Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of Heat Insulators

A method of measuring the thermal conductivity of solid heat-insulating materials based on the integral form of Fourier's equation, obtained by an integro-interpolation method is described. The theoretical basis for the calculation formula of the method, the results of investigations of the formula using a thermal model, the circuit of a device which realizes the theoretical formula, and the accuracy and time characteristics of the proposed method are presented. __________ Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 8, pp. 38–43, August, 2005.     

Effects of infrared detector nonlinearity on thermal diffusivity measurements using the flash method

When using an infrared detector to measure temperature changes as in the case of the flash technique, the effects of detector nonlinearity can have drastic effects on the experimental data. In the flash technique, the detector nonlinearity tends to shift the calculated half-time to larger values, resulting in underpredicted values of thermal diffusivity especially in experiments performed at room temperature. In order to predict the error in the diffusivity calculation, the nonlinear relationship between the detector signal and the temperature change was developed into a Taylor series expansion used in the flash technique's mathematical model. The nonlinear detector model proves to yield accurate correction factors for the presently calculated values of diffusivity. In order to utilize the model, it is necessary to estimate the maximum temperature rise of the back surface and the degree of detector nonlinearity.     

Laser surface mapping of a canister closure weld

Laser surface mapping of a canister closure weld provided data that was used to generate three-dimensional images of the weld failure. These images were invaluable in that they allowed people who did not have access to the canister to see the anomaly in great detail. This aided in the scientific examination while reducing exposure to the radiologically contaminated canister. Precise measurements from the surface maps provided useful information about the location of weld features that were used in the examination of the weld failure. Laser surface mapping proved to be a powerful addition to the nondestructive examination tools available for surface phenomena.