PTFE/ZrO2复合微孔膜结晶性能的研究

以聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）乳液为原料,选定化学稳定性、热稳定性优异的纳米二氧化锆（ZrO2）为增强剂,制备出PTFE/ZrO2复合微孔膜,并通过X射线衍射仪对PTFE/ZrO2复合微孔膜样品的结晶性能进行了表征,使用单因素法讨论了ZrO2的含量、拉伸倍数、热处理温度及热处理时间等因素对PTFE/ZrO2复合微孔膜结晶性能的影响。结果表明,复合微孔膜的结晶度与拉伸倍数、热处理温度和热处理时间成正比,与ZrO2含量成反比;ZrO2含量为7 %、拉伸倍数为1~2.5倍、热处理温度为310 ℃、热处理时间为10 min时,制成的复合微孔膜综合性能最佳。     

PTFE乳液制备PTFE/YSZ微孔膜及孔隙率的研究

以聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）乳液为原料、氧化钇稳定二氧化锆（YSZ）微纳米粉体为增强体,采用机械拉伸法制备了PTFE/YSZ复合微孔膜,通过扫描电子显微镜对其进行了表征,并运用单因素法探讨了分散剂聚乙烯醇（PVA）、拉伸倍数、YSZ含量和热处理温度对复合微孔膜孔隙率的影响。结果表明,在复合微孔膜中添加PVA以及增加YSZ含量均使复合微孔膜的孔隙率增大;在拉伸3.5倍、YSZ含量为8 %(质量份数)、热处理温度为320 ℃时,复合微孔膜孔隙率高达73.09 %。     

纳米SiC粒子的表面处理对PTFE/纳米SiC复合材料的性能影响

对表面处理与未处理纳米SiC填充的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料进行力学与摩擦学性能测试,研究了纳米SiC含量和表面处理对复合材料力学和摩擦磨损性能的影响,用扫描电子显微镜对拉伸断面形貌进行观察,探讨了复合材料的增强机理。结果表明,未处理纳米SiC填充PTFE后,其复合材料的硬度和耐磨性均有不同程度的提高;表面处理纳米SiC后,PTFE/纳米SiC复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度、减摩性能均比未处理的有所提高;表面处理SiC在PTFE基体中有较好的分散性,与PTFE基体界面的结合较好,未处理纳米SiC在PTFE基体中分散性较差。     

偶联剂处理对PTFE/纳米TiC复合材料性能的影响

对纳米碳化钛(TiC)填充的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料进行力学与摩擦学性能测试,研究纳米TiC质量分数、偶联剂处理对PTFE复合材料力学和摩擦磨损性能的影响,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对拉伸断口形貌进行观察,探讨复合材料增强机理.研究结果表明:纳米TiC的填充能提高PTFE复合材料的硬度、拉伸强度和耐磨性,但其冲击强度和减摩性能有所下降;偶联剂处理纳米TiC后,复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度、减摩性能有所提高.拉伸断口的微观分析表明:偶联剂处理纳米TiC在PTFE基体中有较好的分散性,与基体界面结合较好.     

原位成纤PTFE对PP/CNT微孔注塑发泡材料电磁屏蔽性能的影响

采用聚丙烯(PP)为基体、以多壁碳纳米管(CNT)为碳纳米填料,制备二元复合泡孔材料PP/CNT,并且,当CNT含量为1%时,复合微孔材料泡孔质量及电磁屏蔽性能均较好。以聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)为原位成纤增强相,进行微孔注塑发泡成型,探究PP/CNT/PTFE三元复合微孔材料的电磁屏蔽性能,制备了力学性能较好、对电磁辐射吸收率较高的微发泡电磁屏蔽复合材料;研究了PTFE微纤含量对PP/CNT/PTFE三元复合微孔材料注塑发泡泡孔形貌及电磁屏蔽性能的影响规律;得到了该实验条件下PTFE的最佳添加量。结果表明,当PTFE含量为1%时,原位成纤效果较好,三元复合微孔材料的泡孔直径显著减小,电磁屏蔽性能从未添加PTFE时的12.6 dB提高至24.8 dB。     

膜蒸馏用PDMS/PVDF/PTFE三元共混微孔膜制备

采用浸没沉淀相转化法制备了聚二甲基硅氧烷/聚偏氟乙烯/聚四氟乙烯（PDMS/PVDF/PTFE）三元共混微孔膜,并用于20 g/L NaCl水溶液的膜蒸馏脱盐实验。通过扫描电子显微镜观察以及接触角、膜孔隙率和膜平均孔径分析,研究了PTFE含量对膜结构与性能的影响。结果表明,随着PTFE含量的增加,共混微孔膜断面的指状孔逐渐被海绵状取代,平均孔半径由0.234 μm增加到0.354 μm,膜孔隙率由53.4 %增加到81.3 %;膜下表面与水接触角从118.52 °增加到131.11 °;膜蒸馏过程中通量逐渐增加,截留率先稳定后降低,PTFE含量为40 %（质量分数,下同） 时达最大,为99.99 %,此时膜蒸馏通量达16.60 kg/(m2·h)。     

纳米氮化物填充PTFE复合材料的性能研究

对纳米AlN、Si3N4、TiN填充的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料进行了力学性能与摩擦磨损性能测试,研究了纳米粒子种类和含量对PTFE力学性能和摩擦磨损性能的影响,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对拉伸断面形貌进行观察,探讨了复合材料的相关机理。研究结果表明,纳米AlN、Si3N4、TiN的填充均能提高PTFE的硬度和耐磨性;PTFE纳米复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均有所下降,PTFE/TiN复合材料的降幅最小;3种纳米填料均使PTFE的冲击强度下降,PTFE/TiN和PTFE/Si3N4复合材料冲击强度的降幅较小;SEM分析表明,纳米TiN在PTFE基体中有较好的分散性,与PTFE基体界面结合较好,纳米AlN、Si3N4在PTFE基体中的分散性较差。     

弹性聚四氟乙烯／聚氨酯复合薄膜性能的研究

在聚四氟乙烯树脂（PTFE）中加入热塑性弹性体聚氨酯（TPU），制备出了有弹性的微孔复合薄膜，有效地改进了唧双向拉伸薄膜受力后的回复性。在复合薄膜中，加入经偶联剂处理的纳米二氧化硅，有利于TPU在PTFE中的均匀分散，从而提高复合薄膜的弹性。随着TPU含量的增加薄膜回复性也提高，双向拉伸倍率的增大可以导致薄膜回复性能有所下降，SEM分析证明了在PTFE中加入TPU可以增大复合薄膜的微孔尺寸。     

聚四氟乙烯拉伸微孔膜的结构与性能

通过挤出、压延和拉伸等工序制备了聚四氟乙烯微孔膜，采用扫描电镜（SEM）分析了微孔膜的微观结构；采用差示扫描量热法（DSC）和广角X衍射（WXRD）表征了拉伸前后聚四氟乙烯结晶度的变化；研究了拉伸温度、拉伸倍率和拉伸速率对微孔膜力学性能的影响。结果表明：聚四氟乙烯微孔膜具有小岛状结点和与拉伸方向平行的微细纤维组成的微观结构；拉伸使PTFE的结晶度显著降低；拉伸工艺是制备微孔膜的关键因素，拉伸温度220～320℃，拉伸倍率为8倍时，微孔膜的最大拉伸强度可达8．5MPa；此外较大的拉伸速率可获得尺寸分布更均匀的微孔。     

纳米Al_2O_3/PTFE复合材料的制备及其力学性能

以纳米Al2 O3 为填料 ,制备了纳米Al2 O3 填充PTFE复合材料 ,研究了纳米Al2 O3 的含量对PTFE复合材料性能的影响。结果表明 ,纳米Al2 O3 的加入使PTFE的拉伸强度和断裂延伸率有所下降 ,硬度增加 ;当Al2 O3 的质量分数为10 %时 ,PTFE复合材料的综合力学性能最佳 ;随着Al2 O3 含量的逐渐增加 ,会使PTFE复合材料从韧性材料向脆性材料转化     

纳米粒子混合填充聚四氟乙烯复合材料的性能

采用模压成型法制备纳米Si3N4或SiC与纳米Al2O3混合填充的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料,研究不同质量分数的纳米Si3N4或SiC与5%纳米Al2O3混合填充对PTFE复合材料力学与耐磨性能的影响,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察复合材料拉伸断面的微观结构,探讨其增强机理.结果表明:纳米SiN4或SiC与Al2O3混合填料均能使PTFE复合材料的硬度和耐磨性提高,且填充Si3N4/Al2O3的PTFE复合材料的硬度、拉伸性能、冲击强度和耐磨性均优于填充SiC/Al2O3的,其中5%Si3N4与Al2O3混合填充的PTFE复合材料有较好的综合性能.微观分析表明:Si3N4/Al2O3在PTFE基体中分散性较好,说明Si3N4与Al2O3具有较好的协同作用.     

PTFE改性玻纤增强MPPO材料力学性能及耐摩擦磨损性能的研究

采用直径为3.0μm的短玻纤(GF)(GF质量分数为20％)增强改性聚苯醚(MPPO),将其与粒径为5～7 μm的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)微粉和甲基苯基硅油构成摩擦因数较低的耐磨体系.通过熔融共混法制备PTFE改性GF增强MPPO材料(简称MPPO/20％GF复合材料).对MPPO/20％GF复合材料的力学性能、热变形温...     

空心玻璃微珠增强聚四氟乙烯复合材料的制备及拉伸强度的研究

研究了空心玻璃微珠增强聚四氟乙烯复合材料的拉伸强度的变化。研究表明：复合材料的拉伸强度与空心玻璃微珠含量、烧结工艺条件和偶联剂的种类有关;用复合偶联剂处理过的玻璃微珠填充树脂,改善了微珠与树脂的相容性及分散性,从而提高了材料的拉伸强度。并对材料的拉伸强度进行了理论预测。     

聚四氟乙烯复合材料动态密封性能的研究

采用高速混合、冷压烧结成型法用玻璃纤维、二硫化钼填充改性制备聚四氟乙烯复合材料,探讨了填充料用量对PTFE复合材料拉伸性能和摩擦磨损性能的影响,经测试：当玻璃纤维含量为15％、二硫化钼含量为5％改性PTFE时,其改性复合材料的压缩回弹和耐磨损等综合性能最佳,适用于性能要求较高的动态密封场合。     

Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane and Polytetrafluoroethylene Powder Composites

To determine the possibility of using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) powder as reinforcing filler in the thermoplastic matrix, the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) as the matrix and PTFE powder as reinforcing filler were used to prepare a particulate reinforced composite, in order to determine testing data for electrical and mechanical properties of the composites according to the filler loading in respect to TPU polymer matrix. The TPU and PTFE powder composites were prepared by the milling TPU with 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 wt% of PTFE powder in a two roll mill and the milled material is compression moulded to make sheets. From the sheets, the test specimens were made and tested for electrical properties—dielectric strength, dielectric constant, surface, and volume resistivity; fire resistance—rate of burning; mechanical properties—tensile strength and elongation, impact strength, hardness; density and melt flow index. The incorporation of PTFE powder has significantly improved the electrical properties—dielectric strength, dielectric constant, surface and volume resistivity; and fire resistance—rate of burning of thermoplastic polyurethane. However, the tensile strength decreased from 24.91 to 14.71 MPa and tensile elongation increased from 620 to 772 percentage.     

The Effects of Filler Content and Size on the Properties of PTFE/SiO2 Composites

A study on PTFE reinforced with SiO₂ was described. It included the manufacturing process of SiO₂-reinforced PTFE and the effects of the SiO₂ content and size on the properties of the composite material, such as thermal, dielectric, tensile strength and morphology, etc. PTFE/SiO₂ composites loaded with two sizes (5 μm or 25 μm SiO₂) of filler contents varied from 0–60 wt% were mixed by a high-speed dispersion mixer and made via a two-roll milling machine. Our results showed that the composite filled with 25 μm SiO₂ at 60 wt% filler content had the highest modulus, lowest CTE _z and acceptable dielectric properties. Composites with different sizes of filler showed a similar trend of decreasing tensile strength and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE _z ), and increasing tensile modulus, water absorption and dielectric properties as the filler content increased. Furthermore, the composites filled with small-size filler showed higher water absorption and dielectric loss properties due to the presence of higher SiO₂ surface area. Poor adhesion between filler and matrix is a primary cause of low tensile properties and lack of increase in thermal stability. Such phenomenon was also confirmed by fracture surface analysis of scanning electron microscope (SEM). Experimental data were compared with theoretical models from the literatures, which are used to predict the properties of two component mixtures. The results revealed that experimental values of dielectric constant and CTE _z agreed with the theoretical calculated values. It was also found that the modified Nicolais-Narkis equation provided a good estimation for the tensile strength of composite. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Effect of rubber compounding agent on adhesion strength between rubber and heat-assisted plasma-treated polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)

Although heat-assisted plasma treatment enables drastic improvement of the adhesion property of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), plasma-treated PTFE does not strongly adhere to any adherend. To clarify which rubber compounding agents positively affect the adhesion strength of a plasma-treated PTFE/rubber assembly, six types of unvulcanised rubbers were prepared and thermally compressed to a plasma-treated PTFE sheet. Thus, it was found that SiO₂ addition to rubber drastically increased the adhesion strength of a plasma-treated PTFE/rubber assembly and cohesion failure of rubber occurred with large fractions of SiO₂ although no adhesives were used. To confirm the reaction between plasma-treated PTFE and SiO₂ powder, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were performed for the thermally compressed SiO₂/PTFE assembly after repeated washing. The XPS results indicated that hydrophilic SiO₂ powder strongly adhered to the plasma-treated PTFE, whereas hydrophobic SiO₂ powder did not adhere to the PTFE. In this paper, a model was proposed for a possible mechanism of strong adhesion of a PTFE/rubber assembly through both hydrogen and covalent bonds between silanol groups of the SiO₂ powder surface in the rubber and hydroxyl or carboxyl groups on the plasma-treated PTFE.     

PTFE/Nano-CaCO3复合材料组织性能研究

通过机械搅拌、冷压成型烧结方法,制备了纳米碳酸钙填充改性聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料,并研究了复合材料的综合物理机械性能。结果表明:未改性的纳米碳酸钙显著提高了复合材料的弹性模量、断裂伸长率和冲击强度,但复合材料的拉伸强度有所降低。改性后的纳米碳酸钙效果并不是很理想,主要是表面改性剂高温分解存在的影响。