高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱-同位素内标法测定乳粉中的胆碱

目的 建立高效液相色谱－高分辨质谱-同位素内标法测定乳粉中胆碱的含量。方法 奶粉样品用水溶解, 加入硫酸铜溶液(70 g/L)和氢氧化钠溶液(40 g/L)沉淀蛋白, 离心后过0.45 μm粒径的微孔膜, 经ZORBAX SB-Aq C18色谱柱, 以0.1%甲酸水和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱, 流速0.60 mL/min; 柱温箱温度30 ℃。质谱采用正离子模式分析, 同位素内标法定量。结果 该方法在0.5~10 μg/mL范围内线性关系良好, 相关系数为0.9998。平均加标回收率为91.4%~99.7%, 相对标准偏差为1.0%~3.2%(n=5), 检出限为0.2 mg/100 g, 定量限为0.5 mg/100 g。结论 该方法预处理简单, 分析速度快, 检测成本低, 能满足奶粉中胆碱的检测要求。     

奶粉中OPO含量的气相色谱检测技术研究

为准确对奶粉中1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯OPO(OPO)进行定量检测,本次试验采用浓盐酸水解样品,无水乙醚和石油醚提取脂肪,以十七碳甘油三酯(C17:0)为内标,正己烷定容,氢火焰离子化检测器-气相色谱仪对其OPO进行检测。结果表明,该方法可有效分离奶粉样品中OPO色谱峰,重现性良好,RSD为1.52%,回收率为90.0%~96.12%,且该方法检出限为20 μg/mg、定量限为70 μg/mg。本次建立的气相色谱检测方法,可准确检测奶粉样品中OPO含量,为OPO国标检测方法的建立提供技术支持,同时为乳品企业产品质量控制、品质优化及科研机构开展相关研究提供方法保障。     

高效液相色谱法测定奶粉中玉米黄质含量

目的 本文建立了一种使用高效液相色谱快速检测奶粉中玉米黄质含量的方法。方法 奶粉样品用蛋白酶在45℃条件下振荡酶解30 min,正己烷/丙酮(9：1)重复提取2次,旋转蒸发浓缩至近干,正己烷/乙酸乙酯(65：35)复溶后,用Si 60(100 mm×2.1 mm,5 μm)色谱柱经高效液相色谱紫外检测器测定,外标法定量测得。结果 试验结果表明,玉米黄质在14.018 min附近出峰,玉米黄质浓度在0 μg/mL-4.0 μg/mL范围内呈良好线性关系(R_²=0.99982)。空白奶粉样品中添加玉米黄质含量为63.35 μg/100 g,126.7 μg/100 g,316.75 μg/100 g时,加标回收率在95.8%～96.7%之间,相对标准偏差在1.1%-3.9%之间。当取样量为2 g,定容体积为5 mL时,检测限为20 μg/100 g,定量限为50 μg/100 g。结论 该检测方法相对于其他前处理较简单,具有较高准确度、灵敏度、稳定性,可以满足奶粉中玉米黄质含量的检测。     

液相色谱-串联质谱同位素稀释法测定奶粉中双氰胺的残留

目的 建立并优化高压液相色谱-串联质谱法快速检测奶粉中双氰胺残留的方法。方法 奶粉样品经1%三氯乙酸溶液沉淀蛋白后, 通过Sep-pak AC-2离子交换固相萃取柱净化样品提取液, 去除奶粉中其他复杂基质的干扰, 浓缩后用初始流动相复溶、过膜。采用电喷雾正离子电离(ESI+)模式和多反应监测(MRM)扫描模式, 通过Acquity BEH Amide(3.0 mm×150 mm, 1.7 μm)色谱柱分离检测双氰胺目标化合物, 同位素15N4-双氰胺稀释法定量。结果 该方法在50~1200 μg/kg范围内线性良好, 相关系数r>0.998, 在三种不同基质样品中的最低检测限与最低定量限分别为2.5 μg/kg和8 μg/kg, 加标回收率为93.4%~112.3%, 相对标准偏差均<10.3%。结论 该方法简便、灵敏、精确, 不仅筛选优化了液相、质谱条件参数, 同时优化了奶粉样品的前处理方法, 适用于奶粉中双氰胺残留的检测。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法检测奶制品中9种 β-受体阻断剂药物残留量

目的 建立同时检测奶制品(牛奶、奶粉、奶酪)中9 种β-受体阻断剂(β-blockers, BBS)残留的液相色谱-串联质谱方法。方法 混合均匀的试样经β-葡糖醛苷酶/芳基硫酸酯酶水解, 乙腈提取, 硅藻土与BondElut分散固相萃取填料双重快速净化后, 利用液相色谱-串联质谱法进行定性定量分析。结果 9 种BBs在0.1~20.0 μg/L线性范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.995); 定量限(limit of quantity, LOQ, S/N≥10), 均达到0.5 μg/kg; 3 个添加水平(0.5、1.0和5.0 μg/kg)下的回收率为89.5%~112.5%; 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)为4.2%~11.5%。结论 该方法快速、准确、灵敏, 可用于奶制品样品中多种BBs残留的同时有效测定。     

二硫苏糖醇在奶粉含硫氨基酸检测中的应用

目的 建立一种在前处理过程中使用二硫苏糖醇(DTT)为还原剂, 反相高效液相色谱法检测奶粉中含硫氨基酸的好方法。方法 奶粉经酸法水解后, 加入二硫苏糖醇对水解液进行还原处理, 用反相高效液相色谱潽法检测奶粉中含硫氨基酸, 对还原条件、色谱分离条件进行优化, 确定最佳检测条件。结果 蛋氨酸(Met)、胱氨酸[(Cys)2] 、半胱氨酸(Cys)检测限分别为0.7 μmol/L、0.3 μmol/L、0.5μmol/L, 定量检测范围均为10~750 μmol/L, 相关系数分别为0.9998、0.9999、0.9991。最佳DTT作用条件为向1 mL水解液中加入100 μL 0.1 mol/L DTT溶液, 室温反应1 h。测得奶粉中Met、(Cys)2含量分别为0.37 g/100 g、0.14 g/100 g, 加标回收率均在82%~87%之间, 相对标准偏差(RSD)≤1.5%。 结论 在前处理过程中使用适量DTT做还原剂, 用反向高效液相色谱法可准确检测奶粉中含硫氨基酸的含量。     

同位素内标-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测牛奶及奶粉中黄曲霉毒素M1

目的 建立一种高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, HPLC-MS/MS)测定奶及奶粉中黄曲霉毒素M1的方法。方法 样品经甲醇溶液提取后, 经离心机离心, 上层清液用MycoSep?226 AflaZon+Multifunctional净化柱净化, 在线添加黄曲霉毒素M1同位素内标后采用LC-MS/MS进行检测。结果 黄曲霉毒素M1在0.05~5.0 μg/L范围内线性关系良好, 相关系数大于0.995; 在0.02、0.05和0.10 μg/L添加水平的回收率为89.02%~118.85%, 相对标准偏差小于7.06%(n=6), 定量限为0.06 μg/kg。结论 该方法快速、准确、灵敏, 适合用于测定奶及奶粉中黄曲霉毒素M1。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定柑橘中11种保鲜剂残留

目的 建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)测定柑橘中多菌灵、噻菌灵、嘧霉胺、抑霉唑、甲基硫菌灵、咪鲜胺、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯和2,4-D的分析方法。方法 用乙腈作为提取剂, 振摇30 min后加入5 g氯化钠静置30 min, 上清液过滤待UPLC-MS/MS分析。采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18柱(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm)进行液相色谱分离, 以0.1%甲酸0.5 mmol/L甲酸铵和甲醇作为流动相进行梯度洗脱。采用多反应监测模式进行质谱测定, 以基质配制标准溶液外标法定量。结果 11种保鲜剂在1.0~100 μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r2＞0.999), 方法最低检出限为0.03~0.21 μg/kg, 最低定量限为0.07~0.5 μg/kg; 在3个添加水平为1.0、5.0、10.0 μg/kg时, 回收率为75.1%~110.4%, 相对偏差为0.4%~9.8%。对26个柑橘样品进行分析, 多菌灵、咪鲜胺和对羟基苯甲酸丙酯在所有样品中均有检出, 2,4-D在25个样品中有检出, 嘧霉胺检出率最低, 仅在一个样品中检出。从品种上看, 柠檬的平均用药量最大(2285.51 μg/kg), 其次是橙类、橘类、柑类和金橘。结论 该方法简便、灵敏、准确, 适用于柑橘中多种保鲜剂的同时测定。     

直接提取-超高压液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法检测原料奶及奶制品中的四环素类抗生素

目的 建立直接提取-超高压液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法(UPLC-ESIMS/MS)同时测定原料奶及奶粉中土霉素、四环素、金霉素、强力霉素4种四环素类药物的分析方法。方法 原料奶及奶粉样品经少量高氯酸沉淀蛋白、低温冷冻除脂后, 用C18色谱柱分离, 以0.1%甲酸水和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱, 电喷雾串联质谱正离子模式扫描, 多反应监测模式(MRM)检测, 外标法定量。结果 4种四环素族药物在1~1000 ng/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好, 相关系数r均在0.993以上。本方法的定量限为(S/N≥10)为原料奶5μg/kg, 奶粉25 μg/kg, 在10、50、100 μg/kg三个加标水平下, 加标回收率为73.4%~99.4%, 相对标准偏差为0.8%~14.3%(n≥6)。结论 该方法简便快速、灵敏可靠、经济有效, 适用于原料奶及奶粉中土霉素、四环素、金霉素和强力霉素4种四环素族药物残留的测定。     

采用超高效液相色谱法测定饮料中的苯甲酸和山梨酸的研究

实验采用超高效液相色谱法测定饮料中的苯甲酸、山梨酸含量,选用ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C(18)色谱柱,以甲醇、0.02 mol/L乙酸铵溶液为流动相进行等度洗脱,在2 min内完成进样分析。检测发现苯甲酸和山梨酸在5、20、40 μg/L浓度时,得出被测样品回收率为92.2%~98.2%,说明该方法具备实用价值。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press