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为研究线粒体功能和氧化应激在伏马毒素B1(fumonisin B1,FB1)诱导神经毒性中的作用,以秀丽隐杆线虫为模型,对FB1处理后的线虫行为表型以及包括氧化应激和线粒体功能相关指标变化进行分析。结果表明,20~200μg/mL的FB1暴露24 h以剂量依赖方式诱导细胞色素氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)相关基因(cyp35A2、sod-1、sod-3、ctl-2和ctl-3)的异常表达。此外,100~200μg/mL的FB1处理降低了线虫线粒体密度,并显著降低了三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate,ATP)水平和线粒体膜电位(P<0.05)。200μg/mL的FB1处理显著抑制了线虫线粒体呼吸链复合物I和Ⅴ的表达,提高了线粒体分裂基因drp-1的表达水平。相关性分析显示,氧化应激和线粒体功能相关指标的表达与线虫行为学表型具有显著相关性。综上,FB1可能通过参与线虫氧化应激、线粒体呼吸链和线粒体动力学过程诱导神经毒性。 相似文献
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线粒体氧化应激与天然抗氧化剂研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
活性氧主要来源于线粒体呼吸,是一柄“双刃剑”,其在生理浓度时广泛参与细胞的信号转导和生命过程,过量时又能引起线粒体氧化应激,从而导致衰老及相关疾病的发生。如何保持细胞内的氧化与抗氧化平衡(氧化还原平衡),既不过度氧化损伤,也不过度抗氧化而影响正常的信号转导,这对健康极为重要。因此,细胞氧化还原调控与衰老机制不再是简单的“衰老的自由基学说”,也不再是简单的抗氧化延缓衰老。抗氧化剂是身体健康所必需的,富含抗氧化剂的膳食有助于心血管疾病、神经退行性疾病、癌症等重大疾病发病率的降低。本文从线粒体氧化应激、抗氧化剂的必要性和来源、抗氧化防御系统、氧化还原平衡与抗氧化悖论、天然抗氧化剂等方面阐述氧化与抗氧化平衡对健康的重要性,为促进健康并延缓衰老提供新的思路。 相似文献
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目的建立酒精诱导的氧化应激小鼠模型,对姜黄素的抗氧化活性进行初步评价,探讨补充生物活性因子的抗氧化功能评价方法。方法8周龄,昆明小鼠60只,动物房适应1周,按体重随机分为5组。实验周期内,每日按0.2ml/10g·BW给予各组实验小鼠连续灌服相应剂量受试物。实验结束时,处死全部小鼠,取血,测定肝脏相关生化指标。结果酒精模型组血浆和肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化酶GPx的酶活性均显著低于正常对照组(P0.05);肝脏蛋白质羰基含量(PCO)显著高于正常对照组(P0.05)。结论长期摄入低浓度酒精,可以诱导建立氧化应激小鼠模型;实验中姜黄素的抗氧化活性得到初步证实;蛋白质羰基含量的测定显示,其可有效补充生物活性因子抗氧化功能评价方法。 相似文献
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近年来,为解决致病菌的耐药性问题,多种新型抗菌剂应运而生。其中,银纳米粒子(AgNPs)的抗菌效果颇为突出,受到广泛关注。AgNPs抗菌性涉及生物膜、细胞损伤和基因表达等复杂的生物过程。氧化应激反应在这一生物过程中占据重要地位。在AgNPs胁迫下,微生物胞内产生过量的活性氧(ROS),激发胞内的氧化应激,并产生以下3个方面的作用:破坏细胞壁、细胞膜及其内容物;影响氧化应激相关基因表达;影响蛋白质翻译过程和代谢通路的变化。基于此,本文将介绍AgNPs胁迫下微生物氧化应激的产生,重点阐述氧化应激在细胞、基因表达、转录组和蛋白组水平对微生物的影响机制,以便深入了解氧化应激在AgNPs抗菌中的作用。 相似文献
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《食品与发酵工业》2019,(19):90-97
采用腹腔注射D-半乳糖建立小鼠氧化应激模型,造模21 d后分别灌胃625、1 250、2 500 mg/kg鸭油乳液[含叔丁基对苯二酚(tertiary butylhydroquinone,TBHQ)]、生理盐水、溶剂(含TBHQ)、2 500 mg/kg纯鸭油(不含TBHQ),45 d后测定血浆中氧化应激相关指标。结果表明,与模型组比,高剂量鸭油组小鼠血浆T-AOC、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶水平分别升高23. 08%、30. 93%和24. 14%;金属硫蛋白、硫氧还原蛋白含量分别升高17. 70%、24. 13%; 8-异前列腺素含量下降20. 88%;蛋白质羰基、3-硝基酪氨酸、晚期蛋白氧化产物含量分别下降9. 91%、11. 61%、13. 57%; 8-羟基脱氧鸟苷、5-羟基胞嘧啶含量分别下降21. 48%、15. 10%; 8-氧鸟嘌呤DNA糖苷酶、8-羟基鸟嘌呤核苷酸酶活性分别上升15. 10%、18. 27%。此外,TBHQ不能改善小鼠的氧化应激。较高剂量的鸭油能改善D-半乳糖诱导的小鼠氧化应激。 相似文献
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以罗非鱼鱼糜为原料,添加聚葡萄糖,热诱导形成凝胶,通过测定凝胶强度、持水性、白度、水分分布、微观结构、蛋白质二级结构等指标,研究聚葡萄糖对罗非鱼鱼糜凝胶品质的影响。结果表明,随着聚葡萄糖添加量的增加,鱼糜凝胶强度、持水性增加,并在添加量4%时达到最大值;白度变化不明显;水分分布状态测定结果表明,聚葡萄糖的加入可以缩短鱼糜凝胶弛豫时间T2,改变不同种类水的分布状态,增强与水的结合;与对照组相比,添加聚葡萄糖的鱼糜凝胶网络结构更加致密,鱼糜凝胶中肌原纤维蛋白的α-螺旋结构减少,β-折叠结构增加。综合各项指标得出,添加适量的聚葡萄糖可以改善罗非鱼鱼糜的凝胶特性。该研究结果可为改善淡水鱼糜制品的品质提供理论依据。 相似文献
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生物活性肽相较于传统药物具有副作用小、安全性高的特点,逐渐在被人们接受,在治疗疾病和开发功能性食品的过程中极为重要。氧化应激对机体造成严重损害,如何清除氧化应激产生的活性氧是我们目前面临的重大难题,而生物活性肽能够抑制氧化应激诱导的细胞凋亡。本文对生物活性肽通过线粒体途径和死亡受体途径抑制正常细胞凋亡和促进癌细胞凋亡以及通过促进线粒体自噬来调控细胞凋亡的作用机制进行综述,以期充分了解生物活性肽的生理功能及其作用机制,为生物活性肽作用机制的深入研究及其开发利用提供参考依据。 相似文献
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探究α-硫辛酸(α-LA)对高糖诱导RIN-m5F细胞的保护机制。RIN-m5F细胞分为对照组(11 mmol/L葡萄糖)、葡萄糖损伤组(22 mmol/L或44 mmol/L葡萄糖)、α-LA干预组(上述3个葡萄糖浓度+200μmol/Lα-LA),分别检测细胞内活性氧自由基(ROS)、丙二醛(MDA)水平、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性;BAX、BCL-2、GSK-3βm RNA表达水平;细胞线粒体膜电位及蛋白印迹法检测GSK-3β和p-Ser9 GSK-3β蛋白质水平。结果表明,与糖损伤组相比,200μmmol/Lα-LA显著降低胞内ROS水平,分别降低30%和83%;增强细胞SOD活性及T-AOC能力,降低MDA积累;上调抗凋亡因子BCL-2 m RNA表达水平,下调促凋亡蛋白质BAX m RNA表达水平,提高细胞线粒体膜电位。此外,α-LA能够下调GSK-3βm RNA表达水平,提高p-Ser9 GSK-3β蛋白质水平,表明α-LA对高糖诱导RIN-m5F细胞的抗氧化和抗凋亡保护作用与调节GSK-3β有关。 相似文献
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探究红酵母红素对氧化应激细胞的保护机制。PC12细胞(大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤细胞)分为对照组、模型组(200μmol/L H2O2)、番茄红素组(20μmol/L番茄红素+200μmol/L H2O2,阳性对照组)和红酵母红素组(1μmol/L红酵母红素+200μmol/L H2O2、2μmol/L红酵母红素+200μmol/L H2O2和3μmol/L红酵母红素+200μmol/L H2O2),分别观察PC12细胞的形态变化,检测细胞凋亡率、半胱氨酸蛋白酶Caspase-3的活性及细胞中促凋亡蛋白Bax和抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达含量。结果表明,与模型组相比,3μmol/L的红酵母红素能维持细胞原有形态,降低了11.6%的细胞凋亡率(p<0.05),抑制了62.92%的Caspase-3活性(p<0.01),进一步研究发现红酵母红素能够下调Bax的表达(p<0.01),上调Bcl-2的表达(p<0.01),从而阻止了凋亡链反应。综上所述,红酵母红素可能通过抑制Caspase-3活性,调节Bax和Bcl-2的表达来发挥对氧化应激细胞的保护作用,且其作用存在剂量依赖性。 相似文献
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氧化应激会引发肉鸡的恐惧和躁动,造成生理代谢失调,这不仅会降低肉鸡肌肉pH值,增加滴水损失,导致鸡肉品质变差,而且还会降低加工特性。鸡肉品质下降的主要原因为:肌肉中的能量代谢平衡被打破,导致有氧呼吸减弱,无氧酵解增强,引起肌肉中乳酸的大量积累,导致肌肉pH值快速下降;钙离子代谢紊乱,引发肌细胞膜破损;线粒体结构和功能受损,导致线粒体外膜透化,促进凋亡因子释放至细胞质,激活内源性细胞凋亡途径。文章从肉鸡的能量代谢、钙离子代谢和细胞凋亡三个方面,本文深入介绍了氧化损伤的发生机制,在生产实践中寻求缓解肉鸡氧化应激的方法以提高鸡肉品质,促进肉鸡产业健康发展提供理论基础。 相似文献
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The anshenyizhi compound (AC), a mixture from Chinese medicine herbs, has numerous biological effects. In the present study, the acute exercise-treated mice model was established to explore the antifatigue properties of AC and its underlying mechanisms. AC increased exercise endurance in the weight-loaded forced swimming test and rota-rod test. The antifatigue properties of AC were closely correlated with enhancing the body's exercise endurance by increasing the levels of cyanmethemoglobin, testosterone/corticosterone, and creatine kinase, while decreasing the levels of lactic acid, lactate dehydrogenase, and blood urea nitrogen in serum. Moreover, our results confirmed the antioxidant ability of AC by improving the activities of superoxide dismutase while reducing reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels in serum. The AC also improved the storage of glycogen by increasing the levels of succinate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase in liver and muscle. Additionally, AC displayed the antifatigue and antiapoptosis effects via regulating Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress, AMPK-related glucose metabolism, and p53 pathways. Our experimental results first provided a support that AC had effects on antifatigue through regulating AMPK/PGC-1α-related energy metabolism and Nrf2/ARE-mediated oxidative stress. Consequently, AC could be developed into a new functional food supplement for the prevention and treatment of diseases related to fatigue in the future. 相似文献
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L. Laubenthal L. Ruda N. Sultana J. Winkler J. Rehage U. Meyer S. Dänicke H. Sauerwein S. Häussler 《Journal of dairy science》2017,100(6):4976-4986
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The protective effect of Cordyceps militaris against high glucose-induced oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), as compared with Cordyceps sinensis, was examined. The cytotoxicity of HUVECs induced by 40 mM glucose was ameliorated by water extracts of C. militaris (CME) and water extracts of C. sinensis (CSE). CME and CSE inhibited the increase in ROS and NO in HUVECs induced by 40 mM high glucose. Moreover, CME increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, modulated the mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced the caspase-3 activity in high glucose-induced HUVECs. In addition, cordycepin, a component of CME and CSE, displayed protective effects against oxidative stress, which was partly responsible for the cytoprotective effects of CME and CSE against high glucose-induced oxidative stress in HUVECs. Overall, the obtained results show C. militaris helps preventing diabetic endothelial dysfunction and related complications. 相似文献
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Amy L. Skibiel Maya Zachut Bruno C. do Amaral Yishai Levin Geoffrey E. Dahl 《Journal of dairy science》2018,101(1):705-716
Heat stress negatively affects cow performance, compromises immune function, and increases susceptibility to metabolic disorders, particularly during the dry period and as cows transition from gestation to lactation. Metabolic adaptations of the liver are critical for successful transition, yet it is unclear how heat stress affects metabolic pathways within the liver at the proteomic level. The objective of this study was to investigate the liver proteome of postpartum cows that were cooled or heat stressed during the dry period to gain insight into how protein expression is altered by prior heat stress and may contribute to performance and disease outcomes. During the dry period, cows were either housed in shaded barns with fans and water soakers [cooled group (CL); n = 5] or in shaded barns lacking these cooling devices [heat-stressed group (HT); n = 5]. Liver biopsies were collected at 2 d postpartum, and protein content was analyzed by label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics (nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry). In the most comprehensive bovine liver proteomics analysis completed to date, we identified 3,270 proteins, 75 of which were differentially expressed between HT and CL cows (fold change ±1.2). The top pathways differing between HT and CL cows were oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, farnesoid X receptor/retinoid X receptor (FXR/RXR) activation, and the methylmalonyl pathway. Cooling cows during the dry period likely improves ATP production, reduces oxidative stress, and prevents excessive accumulation of hepatic triglycerides and cholesterol, which may contribute to greater milk yield and lower susceptibility to transition-related diseases. 相似文献