阿联酋食品安全监管体系分析

阿拉伯联合酋长国(the United Arab Emirates, UAE)与我国签署“一带一路”合作协议, 作为一带一路沿线重要国家, 多年来是我国在西亚的主要贸易伙伴, 其清真食品需求量大, 90%的食品需要进口, 蕴藏巨大食品贸易商机。本文就阿联酋食品安全监管机构和职责、法律法规、标准体系、食品安全监管、食品贸易情况进行了系统分析, 以期对企业了解阿联酋食品安全监管体系提供参考, 也为政府部门、研究机构和社会各界了解阿联酋食品安全监管体系提供重要参考。     

马来西亚食品安全监管体系分析

马来西亚与我国签署“一带一路”合作协议[1], 作为一带一路沿线重要国家, 多年来是我国在东盟的主要贸易伙伴。马来西亚清真食品需求量较大, 蕴藏巨大食品贸易商机,应该受到食品出口国家的重视。本文就马来西亚食品安全监管机构和职责、法律法规、标准体系、食品安全监管、食品贸易情况进行了系统分析, 为企业、政府部门、研究机构和社会各界了解马来西亚食品安全监管体系提供重要参考。     

格林纳达食品安全监管体系分析

格林纳达是世界上肉豆蔻产量排名第二位的国家, 自格林纳达与我国签署共建“一带一路”谅解备忘录以来, 中格贸易联系日趋紧密。格林纳达作为海上丝绸之路的自然延伸和“一带一路”国际合作不可或缺的参与方, 对中国外贸发展及新市场的开拓具有重要意义。本文从食品安全监管机构、法律法规、标准体系、监管关键措施及准入条件等方面, 系统介绍格林纳达食品安全监管体系, 以期为食品监管部门和食品进出口企业了解格林纳达食品安全监管体系提供帮助, 进而促进中格食品进出口贸易发展。     

泰国食品安全监管体系研究

中国和泰国食品贸易关系密切,两国食品进出口需求量庞大,贸易合作潜力巨大。目前泰国已建立适合泰国国情的较为完善的食品安全监管体系。本文通过分析泰国食品安全监管机构和职责、法律法规、标准体系,食品监管,贸易信息等,介绍泰国食品安全监管的具体工作以及经验,为政府部门和社会各界了解泰国食品安全监管体系提供依据,同时为扩大一带一路食品贸易规模提供参考。     

缅甸食品安全监管体系

缅甸积极参与"一带一路",并与我国签署了"一带一路"合作谅解备忘录, 2019年前4个月中缅贸易额已达37亿美元。中缅食品贸易互补性强,中缅边境食品贸易关系密切,贸易合作尚存巨大潜力。缅甸重视并建立了适合缅甸国情的食品安全监管体系。本研究分析了缅甸食品安全监管机构和职责、法律法规、标准体系、食品监管、贸易信息等,介绍缅甸食品安全监管的经验和做法,为政府部门和社会各界了解缅甸食品安全监管体系提供参考。     

新西兰食品安全检验检测体系评估

“一带一路”是促进世界贸易合作和发展的重要举措,新西兰作为“一带一路”沿线国家,是首个同中国签署“一带一路”合作协议的西方发达国家。新西兰与我国在食品农产品进出口贸易方面联系十分密切。贸易量的增加,必然给口岸监管带来压力,提高通关效率显得尤为重要。实现双边检验检测互认可以提高通关效率,有效地促进贸易便利化。新西兰在建设食品安全检验检测体系方面开展了大量工作,有许多值得学习和借鉴的内容。本文通过对新西兰在食品安全监管体制、法律法规、技术标准、实验室认可方面的梳理和分析,对新西兰食品安全检验检测体系进行评估,为我国与新西兰检验检测互认提供技术支撑。     

特立尼达和多巴哥食品安全监管体系及准入研究

特立尼达和多巴哥系我国“一带一路”重要战略合作伙伴之一, 经济社会发展水平较高, 是加勒比地区的经济、能源、工业和金融中心。近年来, 由于石油工业的迅猛发展, 农业逐渐被忽视, 国内约75%的食品依靠进口, 食品进口市场需求量巨大。本文分别从食品安全监管组织机构的设置和职责权限、法律法规解读、食品安全执行标准、食品安全监管机制分析、用水安全等方面对特立尼达和多巴哥的食品安全监管体系进行研究分析。希望能为国内食品安全监管部门对特立尼达和多巴哥食品准入研究提供参考意见, 引导和帮助进出口食品企业进一步了解特立尼达和多巴哥的食品安全现状, 为拓展对特立尼达和多巴哥的食品出口贸易市场提供帮助, 促进我国食品对外贸易的健康持续发展。     

美国进口食品安全管理机制分析

美国是世界上主要的食品贸易大国,建立了完善的、系统化和立体化的进口食品安全监控体系.本文从分管机构、协调机制、进口手续及违法处理等方面系统地对美国进口食品监管机制进行分析.这些分析对切实保护我国国民的健康和生命安全、保护国家贸易利益和国内市场、促进进出口食品贸易等具有重要借鉴意义.     

德国网络食品贸易的行政监管制度及其启示

德国网络食品交易的行政监管制度是德国联邦消费者保护与食品安全局协调建立的,主要由《食品和日用品管理法》及其他相关法律法规、德国网络食品贸易监控中心和"D21倡议"所推行的质量认证体系3个部分组成。通过相关法律法规的制订、统一监管平台的建立以及权威社会机构的质量认证,确保了德国网络食品贸易的食品安全与消费者权益。借鉴德国经验,中国可以通过确立食品安全行政管理部门统一组织和协调的法定职能、构建网络食品贸易的统一监管平台,以及将HACCP认证标准作为网络食品安全质量认证的核心标准等维度,对中国网络食品贸易行政监管制度进行完善性构建。     

地方食品安全监管与检测机构协同发展的探讨

我国县级以上地方人民政府负责食品安全监管,食品安全监管工作的完成情况在于地方监管队伍的治理体系和治理能力,食品检验检测机构在食品安全监管行政执法的过程中提供技术支持和保障。因此,协同发展地方食品安全监管机构和食品检验检测机构,对提升食品安全监管的效能起到了举足轻重的作用。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the