新型无接触热阻空调换热器性能研究

将不同形状的波纹翅片与无接触热阻技术结合研制了波纹型无接触热阻换热器,并利用CFD仿真软件进行对比分析尖角波纹翅片和圆角波纹翅片空气侧换热性能及阻力特性,寻找较好的翅片形状。按照仿真结果生产无接触热阻尖角波纹翅片空调换热器实验样件,进行实验测试,实验结果表明:翅片表面换热系数仿真结果与实验结果较为一致,整体误差在10%以内,仿真结果能基本反映翅片表面的实际换热情况。引入强化传热指标,通过仿真结果计算可知,在不同风速下强化传热指标DEC均大于1,说明尖角波纹翅片的传热效果优于圆角波纹翅片。     

采用窗片的5 mm管换热器在湿工况下换热性能的实验研究

在湿工况下,对11个采用百叶窗翅片的5 mm管换热器进行了实验研究,并分析了翅片间距、进口空气相对湿度等因素对空气侧换热性能的影响。研究结果表明:换热量随翅片间距的增加而减小,且比7 mm管或更大管径换热器更明显;换热量受进口空气相对湿度的影响小;在翅片底部出现水桥,而在7 mm管或者更大管径换热器中不曾出现。根据实验数据开发了预测5 mm翅片管换热器换热性能的j因子关联式,误差在士20%以内。     

翅片管式换热器换热与压降特性的实验研究进展--关联式

概述目前国内外空调制冷行业中的普遍采用的几种不同翅片类型(平直翅片、波纹形、条缝形翅片、百叶窗形翅片)的换热及压降实验关联式及其影响因素，并对翅片的性能评价指标进行了介绍。正确地选用实验关联式及性能指标，将对翅片管式换热器的优化设计及其制造提供可靠的依据。     

带亲水层波纹翅片管换热器空气侧特性的参数影响分析

为了确定翅片间距、管排数和入口空气相对湿度等参数对析湿工况下带亲水层波纹翅片空气侧特性的影响，对7个带亲水层的波纹翅片管换热器进行了试验研究，并分别以Colbum换热因子和Fanning摩擦因子来反映空气侧换热和压降特性。结果表明，换热和摩擦因子都随着翅片间距的减小而增大。换热因子随着管排数的增加而减小，而摩擦因子受管排数的影响不显著。当入口相对湿度增大时，换热因子增大，而摩擦因子则几乎不变。入口水温越低，则入口空气相对湿度对换热因子的影响越显著。     

扁管和百叶窗式微通道换热器空气侧阻力的实验研究

在迎面风速1~4m/s、雷诺数100~500,迎风面尺寸600mm×550mm以及环境温度20℃工况条件下,测试了微通道换热器空气侧阻力,对比分析了测试结果与不同关联式计算结果,表明现有不同关联式间预测结果相差较大,其中Davenport的关联式与实验值较为接近,但实验值也仅有其预测值的55%~66%。实验也表明微通道换热器空气阻力与换热量和迎风面积相同的平翅片圆管换热器空气阻力相当,认为独特的扁管结构和较小的换热器厚度是其减小空气阻力的有效手段。     

微通道冷凝器空气侧性能的实验研究

对13个微通道冷凝器空气侧性能进行实验研究,分析空气侧换热系数和压降与迎面空气流速、翅片片距、百叶窗翅片开窗数、扁管宽度及扁管高度之间的关系,并将实验值与3个不同的百叶窗翅片换热及压降关联式的预测值进行比较。结果表明：翅片片距和扁管宽度对空气侧性能影响较大,3个关联式中Kim—Bullard关联式预测偏差相对最小,换热系数的预测偏差在0～-30％以内,摩擦系数的偏差在±20％偏差范围内。最后基于已有实验数据,对KimBullard关联式进行重新拟合。     

筒型翅片管换热器空气侧换热模型分析与实验

本文对筒型翅片管换热器的空气侧流动特点进行了理论分析,基于现有换热模型提出了一种能够反映筒型翅片管换热器结构特点的集中参数形式的换热因子关联式.通过实验对比了筒型和普通型的换热因子,对理论分析进行验证,结果表明:现有换热模型对筒型翅片管换热器的预测误差较大,平均相对误差达到81.16％;对传统换热器预测较准,平均误差为...     

正弦波纹翅片表冷器的传热及阻力特性实验研究

波纹式翅片具有良好的传热和阻力性能，应用于中央空调两器和末端设备中。以正弦波纹翅片换热器作为中央空调表面式冷却器进行了多种干、湿工况条件下的传热和阻力特性实验。对实验结果进行了分析处理，得出了正弦波纹翅片换热器的总传热系数关联式以及阻力特性的经验公式。实验结果对于中央空调两器和末端的设计具有重要的指导作用。     

波纹和百叶窗型表冷器空气侧换热性能的实验研究及分析方法

本文对方形组合式空调机组翅片管换热器空气侧的换热性能进行了实验研究和计算模型分析。将分布参数法（TTM）和创新的分排参数法(RDDM)拓展到方形组合式空调机组制热工况的实验数据处理中,分析翅片管换热器空气侧的换热性能,并与传统的ε-NTU法、集中参数法（LMTD）对比,4种方法计算的j因子和传热系数h偏差均在10%的范围内;基于分排参数模型,研究不同翅片形状、不同翅片间距、不同管径和不同翅片管排数下,传热因子j的变化情况。结果表明：j随Re增加逐渐减小,Re从3 000增至6 020,j下降了25.6%。相同Re下,开窗翅片比波纹翅片的j大,并随着Re的增加两者之间的最大偏差从26.3%缩小为8.3%。j随翅片间距和管径的增大而增大,随着管排数增加而降低,8排管时j急剧降低至约0.008。     

百叶窗翅片管式换热器换热性能分析

针对市场上常用的百叶窗翅片管式换热器,为了确定翅片密度、管排数以及进口空气相对湿度对空气侧特性的影响,对6种结构参数的换热器进行试验研究,采用无量纲化的传热因子和摩擦因子分别衡量空气侧的换热和压降特性。结果表明,翅片密度越大,传热因子越小,翅片密度对摩擦因子的影响在空气干、湿工况下有所不同;管排数越多,传热因子越大,摩擦因子越小;传热因子和摩擦因子均随进口空气相对湿度的增大而增大。     

开缝翅片管换热器表面积尘与压降特性的实验研究

翅片管换热器表面沉积的粉尘会导致换热器压降增加。本文搭建了换热器积灰可视化实验台,选取开缝翅片管换热器为测试样件,在风速范围为1.0~2.3 m/s,喷粉浓度范围为2.1~10.8 g/m~3的条件下进行实验,研究了换热器表面的粉尘沉积特性及空气侧压降变化。结果表明:粉尘主要沉积在翅片迎风面的前缘开缝处以及换热管的迎风面上;高风速有利于粉尘沉积并增大积灰前后压降增幅,在风速变化范围内,粉尘沉积量最多增加98.4%,积灰前后压降增幅最多增加93.8%;提高喷粉浓度有利于粉尘沉积并增大积灰前后的压降增幅;在喷粉浓度变化范围内,粉尘沉积量最多增加22.8%,积灰前后压降增幅最多增加28.6%;在积灰过程中,空气侧压降比粉尘沉积量更快达到稳定状态。     

Air-side performance of brazed aluminum heat exchangers under dehumidifying conditions

An experimental study for air-side thermal-hydraulic performance of brazed aluminum heat exchangers under dehumidifying conditions has been performed. For 30 samples of louvered fin heat exchangers with different geometrical parameters, the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics for wet surface were evaluated. The test was conducted for air-side Reynolds number in the range of 80–300 and tube-side water flow rate of 320 kg/h. The dry- and wet-bulb temperatures of the inlet air for heat exchangers were 27 and 19 °C, respectively and the inlet water temperature was 6 °C. The air-side thermal performance data for cooling and dehumidifying conditions were analyzed using effectiveness-NTU method for cross-flow heat exchanger with both fluids unmixed. The test results are reported, compared with those for the dry surface heat exchangers, in terms of sensible j factor and friction factor f, as functions of Reynolds number based on louver pitch. The correlations for j and f factors are developed within rms errors of ±16.9 and ±13.6%, respectively.     

Air-side thermal hydraulic performance of multi-louvered fin aluminum heat exchangers

An experimental study on the air-side heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics for multi-louvered fin and flat tube heat exchangers has been performed. For 45 heat exchangers with different louver angles (15–29°), fin pitches (1.0, 1.2, 1.4 mm) and flow depths (16, 20, 24 mm), a series of tests were conducted for the air-side Reynolds numbers of 100–600, at a constant tube-side water flow rate of 0.32 m³/h. The inlet temperatures of the air and water for heat exchangers were 21 and 45°C, respectively. The air-side thermal performance data were analyzed using effectiveness-NTU method for cross-flow heat exchanger with both fluid unmixed conditions. The heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop data for heat exchangers with different geometrical configurations were reported in terms of Colburn j-factor and Fanning friction factor f, as functions of Reynolds number based on louver pitch. The general correlations for j and f factors are developed and compared to other correlations. The f correlation indicates that the flow depth is one of the important parameters for the pressure drop.     

湿工况下翅片管式换热器中刘易斯因子的数值研究

刘易斯因子是反映湿工况下空气侧热质传递特性的重要参数。在此提出了可计算湿工况下翅片侧刘易斯因子的数值模型和适用于工程应用的关联式,通过建立相间传质数值模型、潜热传递数值模型,利用CFD分别计算出空气侧的热质传递系数,从而求得刘易斯因子的数值解。利用数值仿真方法分析了翅片管换热器结构和运行工况对刘易斯因子的影响和已有热质传递类比关系的适用性;同时采用刘易斯因子的数值计算结果拟合得到关联式。传热和传质数值计算结果和实验的相对误差分别为6.93%和12.1%;关联式与数值模型之间的相对误差为5.52%。该数值模型有足够的精度与适用面,所得关联式可代替数值模型。     

Thermal-hydraulic CFD study in louvered fin-and-flat-tube heat exchangers

Heat transfer performance prediction by CFD codes is of major interest. Usually air-side heat transfer characteristics of fin-and-tube heat exchangers are determined from limited experimental data. The ability of CFD code to predict flow patterns and thermal fields allows determining the heat transfer characteristics by performing ‘numerical experiments’. CFD calculations of a 1-row automotive condenser are compared to experimental results and correlations of the literature matching the fin design and the flow conditions. Calculations are performed for different air frontal velocities. 2D models, with uniformly constant fin temperature overestimate significantly the heat transfer coefficient. 3D models, taking into account tube effects, conjugate heat transfer and conduction through the fin are in better agreement with the experimental results. However, even if an offset in noticed between CFD calculations and the experimental results, the trends are comparable and CFD study permits to reach local information, leading to better understanding of the physical phenomena involved in compact heat exchangers. An attempt for 2D unsteady flow has also been performed. Results are discussed in terms of flow pattern and heat transfer coefficient behaviour.     

Airside heat transfer and friction characteristics for enhanced fin-and-tube heat exchanger with hydrophilic coating under wet conditions

The airside heat transfer and friction characteristics of 14 enhanced fin-and-tube heat exchangers with hydrophilic coating under wet conditions are experimented. The effects of number of tube rows, fin pitch and inlet relative humidity on airside performance are analyzed. The test results show that the influences of the fin pitch and the number of tube rows on the friction characteristic under wet conditions are similar to that under dry surface owing to the existence of the hydrophilic coating. The Colburn j factors decrease as the fin pitch and the number of tube rows increase. For wavy fin, the Colburn j factors increase with the increase of the inlet relative humidity, but for interrupted fin, the Colburn j factors are relatively insensitive to the change of the inlet relative humidity. The friction characteristic is independent of the inlet relative humidity. Based on the test results, heat transfer and friction correlations, in terms of the Colburn j factor and Fanning f factor, are proposed to describe the airside performance of the enhanced fin geometry with hydrophilic coating under wet conditions. For wavy fin, the correlation of the Colburn j factor gives a mean deviation of 7.6%, while the correlation of Fanning f factor shows a mean deviation of 9.1%. For interrupted fin, the correlation of the Colburn j factor gives a mean deviation of 9.7%, while the correlation of Fanning f factor shows a mean deviation of 7.3%.     

翅片管式换热器换热与压降特性的实验研究进展--实验研究

概述目前国内外空调制冷行业中普遍采用的几种不同翅片类型(平直翅片、波纹形、条缝形翅片、百叶窗形翅片)的换热特性和压降特性的实验研究进展，通过对这几种翅片类型换热及压降特性的介绍和分析，提出了趣片管式换热器研究中的一些不足。