关于浮法玻璃熔窑改进的几项措施

目前,我国的浮法玻璃熔窑结构设计技术有了较大的发展,使熔窑的熔化能力和熔制质量不断提高,熔窑寿命不断延长,熔窑能耗不断降低.但随着新技术的不断涌现,熔窑的结构设计仍有值得改进和完善的地方.本文就浮法玻璃熔窑改进的几项措施进行探讨,以供同仁参考.     

浮法玻璃熔窑火焰空间气氛对玻璃液澄清影响的研究

对浮法玻璃熔制过程中熔窑火焰空间气氛对玻璃液澄清过程的影响进行了系统的研究,结合熔窑计算机模拟结果和高温显微镜热台实验结果,从机理上进行了分析,提出了有利于浮法玻璃生产澄清过程的熔窑火焰空间气氛。     

浅谈玻璃厂熔制车间扩建改造加固设计

文章针对目前玻璃厂改扩建浮法玻璃熔窑窑底结构的现场土建实际情况，探讨在具体设计工作中重点处理的几项较难技术问题，尽量完善和优化熔制车间改扩建的设计。针对老玻璃工厂旧厂房熔制车间的现场土建资源条件充分利用的问题，科学、经济地新旧结舍同时使用，在确保浮法玻璃生产线安全运转、满足改扩建的工艺要求下，为业主节约投资成本。     

浮法玻璃全氧燃烧技术

玻璃熔窑的全氧燃烧技术被称为是玻璃工业熔制技术的"第二次革命"。介绍了对全氧燃烧技术的发展现状、优点及其在浮法玻璃工业应用中遇到的问题;结合全氧燃烧技术在600 t/d浮法玻璃生产线成功应用的经验,对全氧玻璃熔窑的设计、全氧燃烧对玻璃性能的影响,以及实际生产过程中玻璃液表面泡沫多、澄清困难等关键工艺技术难题进行了系统研究分析;并对该技术在浮法玻璃中的节能减排、运行成本等进行了分析及前景展望。     

浮法玻璃全氧燃烧技术发展

玻璃熔窑的全氧燃烧技术被称为是玻璃工业熔制技术的"第2次革命"。本文对全氧燃烧技术的发展现状、优点及其在浮法玻璃工业应用中遇到的问题进行介绍;结合全氧燃烧技术在600 t/d浮法玻璃生产线成功应用的经验,对全氧玻璃熔窑的设计、全氧燃烧对玻璃性能的影响,以及实际生产过程中玻璃液表面泡沫多、澄清困难等关键工艺技术难题进行了系统研究分析;并对该技术在浮法玻璃中的节能减排、运行成本等进行了分析及前景展望。     

CFD技术在玻璃窑炉中的应用

结合近几年国内对浮法玻璃熔窑的研究现状,从玻璃熔制部分、成形部分及余热回收部分的数值模拟进行综述。数值模拟可以将玻璃熔窑内的温度场、速度场及压力场的计算情况在计算机屏幕上形象的再现,为浮法玻璃窑炉机构的改造和生产良好的玻璃制品打下良好基础。     

耐火材料在全氧熔窑中的应用

全氧燃烧熔窑可提高火焰温度、熔窑熔化能力及熔窑产量,提高玻璃质量,节约燃料,减少NOX排放,降低对环境的污染,适当降低熔窑建设费用,提高熔窑使用寿命。优质浮法玻璃和高附加值特种玻璃也要求采用更为先进的燃烧工艺和玻璃熔制工艺。本文分析了全氧熔窑内大量碱蒸气和水蒸气的增加对胸墙、池壁、大碹等关键部位耐火材料的侵蚀及全氧熔窑耐火材料选材,对600吨／日浮法玻璃熔窑耐火材料使用进行对比分析,并对全氧玻璃熔窑耐火材料现状及前景进行展望。     

全氧燃烧玻璃熔窑耐火材料的研究进展

全氧燃烧熔窑可节约燃料,减少NOX排放,降低对环境的污染,提高玻璃质量,提高火焰温度、熔窑熔化能力及熔窑产量,并降低了熔窑的建设费用,提高了熔窑使用寿命。优质浮法玻璃和高附加值特种玻璃也要求采用更为先进的燃烧工艺和玻璃熔制工艺。分析了全氧燃烧窑内大量碱蒸气和水蒸气的增加对胸墙、池壁、大碹等关键部位耐火材料的侵蚀及全氧燃烧熔窑耐火材料选材,对600 t/d浮法玻璃熔窑耐火材料使用进行对比分析,并对全氧燃烧玻璃熔窑耐火材料现状及前景进行了展望。     

大型E-玻璃纤维熔窑熔制技术

介绍熔制无碱高硼E-玻璃纤维熔窑的基本类型,阐述在以电熔为主的大型电-火混合加热熔窑中通过输入功率剪裁实现熔制能量的综合管理的技术原理,列举了大型E-玻璃纤维熔窑关键的硬件设备配置.     

谈谈投料机的大型化

投料机是专供玻璃熔窑投料的一种专用设备.过去,在世界范围内,曾经出现过多种形式的投料机.随着浮法玻璃工业的倔起,以及生产控制水平的不断提高,投料过程已经成为玻璃熔制工艺的一个不可分割的重要组成部分.特别是随着浮法玻璃生产大型化的发展,使投料机也朝着大型化的方向发展,并且在形式上渐趋一致,大型的斜毯式投料机成为发展的主要趋势.甚至一座大     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。