TiSiW12O40／TiO2催化合成邻苯二甲酸二丁酯

报道了新型催化剂ＴｉＳｉＷ１２Ｏ４０／ＴｉＯ２催化酯化合成邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的醇酸比、催化剂用量、带水剂等因素对酯收率的影响。实验表明，催化剂的用量为反应液的１．１％，醇酸摩尔比为３．５：１，酯化反应时间为２．５ｈ，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的收率达９８．８％，超过硫酸、磷钨酸的催化水平。     

TiSiW_（12）O_（40）／TiO_2催化合成邻苯二甲酸二丁酯

报道了新型催化剂ＴｉＳｉＷ１２Ｏ４０／ＴｉＯ２催化酯化合成邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的醇酸比、催化剂用量、带水剂等因素对酯收率的影响。实验表明，催化剂的用量为反应液的１．１％，醇酸摩尔比为３．５∶１，酯化反应时间为２．５ｈ，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的收率达９８．８％，超过硫酸、磷钨酸的催化水平。     

新型皮革加脂剂ZC的合成与应用研究

研究了以油酸，辛醇为原料，硫酸为催化剂，采取直接减压一步脱水法合成油酸辛酯的硫酸化物的方法：酯化反应摩尔比为油酸：辛醇，硫酸＝１：１．１４：０．０２７，在１１５℃下反应２～３ｈ至体系ｐＨ值小于５为终点，产物为灰褐色，收率为９５％。磺化反应温度控制在４５℃以下，滴加９８％浓硫酸，在４４～４６℃下搅拌反应２～３ｈ后，静置过夜。硫酸化物经两次４５℃饱和食盐水洗涤，收率为１１５％，在搅拌下慢加ＮａＯＨ溶液     

二甘醇用杂多酸盐催化合成二氧六环

研究了用杂多酸盐作催化剂，以二甘醇为原料制取二氧六环。试验发现，磷钨酸银、磷钨酸铜、硅钨酸银、硅钨酮铜具有较高的活性和选择性，在反应温度为２２０￣２４０℃，催化剂浓度为０．５％￣１．０％，反应１．５￣２．０ｈ时，转化率达９８％以上。二氧六环选择怀为：磷钨酸银９３％，硅钨酸银９５％，磷钨酸铜８７％，硅钨酸铜９０％，催化剂可重复使用５次以上。     

杂多酸催化合成水杨酸甲酯的研究

利用杂多酸作为催化剂，由水杨酸与甲醇酯化合水杨酸甲酯。研究了杂多酸的用量，反应时间，酸醇摩尔比对酯化反应的影响结果表明：酸醇摩尔比为１：１．３，催化睡量为１％，反应温度为６８－７０℃，反应时间为２．５ｈ。水杨酸的收率可达９４％。催化剂经５次重复使用后其性能优很稳定，本文报道了酯化方法具有一定的工业应用价值。     

磷钨酸催化合成癸二酸二乙酯的研究

磷钨酸作为癸二酸和乙醇的酯化催化剂,性能优于硫酸。经实验确定了最佳反应条件为醇、酸物质的量比为４－０∶１ ,磷钨酸用量是酸质量的４ ％ ,反应时间４ ｈ ,酯化率达９６－８５ ％ ,选择性９９－８ ％ ,产品纯度达９８ ％ 以上,并且催化剂可以重复使用多次。     

5—单硝酸异山梨醇酯的合成研究（II）

山梨醇经脱水，酯化，硝酸酯化及皂化，合成了５－单硝酸异山梨醇酯，山梨醇脱水反应：山梨醇与硫酸质量比为１：０．０１４，二甲苯作带水剂，反应温度１４０℃，反应时间３．５ｈ，得异山梨醇（Ｉ）收率６９％，酯化反应：异山梨醇，冰乙酸及对甲基苯磺酸质量比为１：０．４９：０．０３４，溶剂Ｓ兼作带水剂，回流反应，得２－乙酸异山峰果醇酯混合物（ＩＩ），在１０℃，Ⅱ与硝酸质量比为１：０．３６，２ｈ内进行硝酸酯化，得２     

对羟基苯甲酸丁酯的合成新工艺

研究了以ＦｅＣｌ３．６Ｈ２Ｏ为固体催化剂,由既作反应物又作淀粉上醇和对羟基苯甲酸为原料合成对羟莽本甲酸丁醌 ,并讨论了催化酯化的各种影响因素,实验表明,固体ＦｅＣｌ２．６Ｈ２Ｏ是合成对羟基苯甲酸丁酯的良好催化剂,最佳的反应条件为：醇酸ｍｏｌ比为２：１、催化剂与酸的ｍｏｌ比为０．１２：１、反应时间为３ｈ上述条件下,其收率高于９５％, 含量９８％以上。     

TiSiW_（12）O_（40）／TiO2催化合成乙酸亚丁酯

报道了新型催化剂ＴｉＳｉＷ１２Ｏ４０／ＴｉＯ２的制备方法，实验考察了该催化剂催化酯化合成乙酸亚丁酯的醇酸比、催化剂用量、带水剂、反应时间等因素对酯收率的影响。实验表明，在以苯为带水剂时，催化剂的用量为反应液的０．５％，醇酸摩尔比为１．２０：１，酯化反应时间为２ｈ，乙酸正丁酯的收率达７６．８％，超过硫酸，磷钨酸催化的水平。     

稀土固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2/La3+催化合成马来酸二戊酯

研究了以固体超强酸ＳＯ４＾２－／ＴｉＯ２／Ｌａ＾３＋为催化剂,马来酸和正戊醇为原料合成马来酸二戊酯并考察了影响反应的因素。结果表明,醇酸摩尔比为４．０：１,催化剂用量为１．０ｇ,带水剂甲苯为１５ｍＬ,反应时间为３．０ｈ是最适宜的反应条件,酯化率达９８．８％。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。