微合金钢生产中增氮探索

对20MnSiV生产过程中的铁水样、出钢样、合金加入量、吹氮情况及成品样中氮含量进行分析,找出了氮在冶炼和连铸过程中的变化规律。对钢包内吹气增氮和合金化增氮进行比较,认为钢包吹氮是一种比较经济、可取的方式。     

增氮对钒微合金钢组织和性能的影响

 通过对不同钒、氮质量分数的试验钢进行热模拟压缩试验和实验室轧制试验,用OM、SEM和TEM分析试验钢的显微组织,研究增氮对钒微合金钢组织和性能的影响。结果表明,普通钒微合金钢为板条贝氏体＋粒状贝氏体组织,增加氮质量分数,可促进晶内铁素体相变,得到针状铁素体组织,使M/A组织细化且弥散分布,改善韧性;而增加钒质量分数,可以增加析出强化作用,提高强度,但组织形态无明显变化,不能提高韧性。增氮钢中的钒在奥氏体内以VN析出,低氮钢内的钒在铁素体内以VC的形式析出,奥氏体-铁素体、VC-铁素体和VN-铁素体的平面点阵错配度分别为6.72%、3.89% 和 1.55%,在奥氏体内析出的VN可以作为铁素体的优先形核位置,促进晶内铁素体相变。     

VN12合金在钒氮微合金化钢中的应用研究

通过在２０ＭｎＳｉＶ、１６ＭｎＶ钢中,加入钒铁合金ＶＦｅ（５１．６％Ｖ）及美国钒公司提供的专利产品富氮钒合金ＶＮ１２（８０％Ｖ,１２％Ｎ）的对比试验,研究了钒、氮复合微合金化对钢的力学性能的影响。与使用ＦｅＶ（５１．６％Ｖ）相比,采用富氮钒合金化时,因钒用量的减少使得其技术经济性更加显著。     

攀钢钒氮合金冶炼新技术

攀钢钒氮舍金冶炼采用先进的冶炼技术,以攀钢自产的V2O3为原料,采用自己开发的单道TBY窑加双道氮气保护推板窑工艺技术,其钒氮合金冶炼技术日臻完善,工艺先进,产品成本低,各项技术经济指标稳定.     

钒氮微合金化技术的应用

含钒钢中增氮，促进了碳氮化钒的析出，增强了钒的沉淀强化作用，提高了钢的强度，在相同强度水平下，节约了钒的用量，降低了钢的成本，因此，氮是含钒钢中一种十分有效的合金化元素。本文介绍了钒氮微合金化技术的机理及其在高强度钢筋、非调质钢、高强度厚壁H型钢和CSP产品等产品开发中的应用。     

热变形对钒氮微合金钢连续冷却相变的影响

在Gleeble-3800热力模拟试验机上,进行了钒氮微合金钢在未变形和多道次轧制条件下的模拟试验,通过热膨胀法和金相-硬度法,建立了试验钢的静态和动态CCT图;应用光学显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对组织和析出相进行了观察,分析了变形条件对显微组织的影响,研究了该试验钢的连续冷却相变行为。结果表明,变形促进了铁素体和珠光体相变,在较大冷速下获得了一定量的铁素体组织。同时变形也促进了钒的碳氮化物析出,利于铁素体相变以及组织的细化。在两种条件下,均可获得一定量的贝氏体组织,且在较大冷速下的贝氏体转变开始温度有所升高。     

钒氮微合金化技术在HSLA钢中的应用

含钒钢中增氮，促进了碳氧化钒的析出，增强了钒的沉淀强化作用，大幅度提高钢的强度。因此，氮是含钒钢一种经济有效的合金化元素。通过充分利用廉价的氮元素，钒氮微合金化钢在保证相同的强度水平下，可节约钒的用量，降低钢的成本。V－N微合金化技术在高强度钢筋、结构钢板带及型钢、无缝钢管、非调质钢、高碳钢钱棒材以及高速工具钢等产品中获得了广泛应用。     

150tLF炉冶炼热轧带肋钢吹氮控氮的探究

150tLF炉钢包吹氮配加含钛合金控氮生产HRB400E试验表明,能实现增加钢中氮含量,金相分析可以观察铁素体晶粒及晶界中有细小析出物,有效发挥微合金化元素的作用。在保证产品成分和钢材力学性能合格条件下,降低生产成本提供了依据,为后续开始稳定增氮控氮研究奠定了基础。     

Principle and Practice on High Nitrogen Steel Melting by Blowing Ammonia Gas

 Abstract: During the HNS melting process, the absorption reaction of Nitrogen in the liquid steel by blowing NH3 and N2 was investigated respectively. In order to obtain higher content of nitrogen in steel, the liquid steel should be deoxidized and desulfurized because the [O] and [S] as surface activity element is not favorable to absorb nitrogen in melting process. Based on the metallurgical thermodynamics, the coupling reaction of NH3 with [O] can improve the generation of activity nitrogen atom in liquid steel. Nitrogen atom is easier to be absorbed than nitrogen molecule. At the same time, blowing ammonia gas can remove the oxygen from liquid steel and decreased the inclusion in the steel. Experiments of HNS melting in ten-kilogram inductive furnace indicated that, for liquid steel with same content of alloys and blowing the same mole of nitrogen , the absorption effect of nitrogen by blowing NH3 increase 18~75% than that of blowing N2.The technical process of melting HNS by blowing NH3 under normal pressure is feasible in industry production.h     

Principle and Practice of High Nitrogen Steel Melting by Blowing Ammonia Gas

During the high nitrogen steel (HNS) melting process, the absorption reaction of nitrogen in the liquid steel by blowing NH_3 and N_2 was investigated respectively. In order to obtain higher content of nitrogen in steel, the liquid steel should be deoxidized and desulfurized because the oxygen and sulfur as surface activity element are not fa-vorable to the absorption of nitrogen in melting process. Based on the metallurgical thermodynamics, the coupling re-action of NH_3 with oxygen can improve the generation of activity nitrogen atom in liquid steel. Nitrogen atom is easi-er to be absorbed than nitrogen molecule. At the same time, blowing ammonia gas can remove the oxygen from liquid steel and decrease the inclusion in the steel. Experiments of HNS melting were carried out in a 10 kg induction fur-nace, and the results indicated that for liquid steel containing the same content of alloys and blowing the same mole of nitrogen, the absorption effect of nitrogen by blowing NH_3 is obviously higher than that of blowing N_2. The techni-cal process of melting HNS by blowing NH_3 under normal pressure is feasible in industrial production.     

吹氨冶炼高氮钢的原理与实验

根据冶金热力学的计算结果,提出了钢液-气相界面可能发生的NH3和[O]、[S]耦合反应.该界面反应过程促使NH3在钢液界面生成易被钢液吸收的活性氮原子,同时,脱除了钢液中的氧、硫杂质元素,与常压下钢液吹氮增氮的工艺比较,可以取消为增氮而采用的钢液预脱氧、脱硫工艺环节,减少钢中非金属夹杂物的生成.10 kg中频感应炉的冶炼实验结果表明,合金成分相同的钢液供给等摩尔氮含量的氮化介质,NH3比N2的增氮效果提高了18%～75%.吹NH3条件下,钢液中保持一定量的氧、硫表面活性元素,有利于氮的吸收.     

Nitrogen Desorption in Molten Stainless Steel during Immersion Argon Blowing

The behavior of nitrogen desorption reaction in molten stainless steel for AISI 304 and 316 during immersion argon blowing through an immersed alumina nozzle with 3 mm in I.D. has been investigated by sampling method. Some kinetic parameters such as reaction order, rate constant and apparent activation energy of nitrogen desorption reaction for AISI 304 and 316 have been obtained. Results show that nitrogen desorption reaction from molten stainless steel for AISI 304 and 316 is the second order reaction. The rate constant at 1550 ℃ and 1580 ℃ for AISI 316 is 0.08407%-1·min-1 and 0.82370%-1·min-1, respectively. The rate constant at 1550 ℃ for AISI 304 is 0.4166%-1·min-1. The apparent activation energy Ea of nitrogen desorption reaction for AISI 316 is 2136.47 kJ/mol. This huge value of apparent activation energy verifies that the nitrogen desorption reaction has a complex and multistep reaction mechanism. The rate of nitrogen desorption reaction from molten stainless steel is mixed controlled by the desorption reaction of diatomic molecule nitrogen or of monatomic nitrogen from molten metal at the gas-metal interface and the mass transfer of nitrogen in molten metal. The rate equation of process for nitrogen desorption has been deduced.     

LF炉精炼AISI410不锈钢吹氮合金化研究

研究了40 t LF炉精炼AISI410不锈钢时,在常压下吹氮气增氮工艺(吹氮流量、吹氮时间及钢液温度)对AISI410不锈钢氮含量的影响,建立了AISI410不锈钢氮溶解度热力学计算模型。结果表明:钢中氮含量随着吹氮时间、氮气流量的增加而增大;常压下吹氮10 min,钢液含氮量可达到0.05%;随着氮流量增加钢液达到饱和的时间缩短,氮的溶解度随着钢液温度的降低而升高。应用热力学模型进行了分析,不同吹氮条件下氮溶解度实测值与热力学模型计算值较吻合。为LF炉精炼含氮不锈钢控制氮含量提供了理论依据。     

EAF-CSP流程V-N微合金钢中第二相的析出

目前,在EAF-CSP流程中通过V-N微合金化技术可成功生产屈服强度为550 MPa的高强度低合金钢.然而,基于热力学平衡考虑,对铸坯中V(C,N)的析出分析存在争议.针对珠钢CSP流程生产的V-N微合金钢,采用物理化学相分析方法、透射电镜的复型分析以及扫描电镜观察了流程中不同阶段试样的V(C,N)析出情况.并通过Thermo-Calc 理论计算,初步探讨了EAF-CSP流程V-N微合金钢中Ti以及Al的析出对V(C,N)析出的影响.     

钒氮微合金化HRB400钢筋的试制

介绍了马钢钒氮微合金化HRB400钢筋的工业试制情况。研究了钢筋的成分、微合金化工艺及组织、性能,对钒氮合金的增氮、强化、节钒效果等进行了分析。     

V-N微合金化Q460GJC钢板的研发

 为降低传统的Nb-V复合微合金化Q460建筑用钢板中的合金含量及生产成本,利用第3代TMCP技术和V-N微合金化技术,研制出单独V-N微合金化(wV=0.06%~0.08%)、不含铌的合金设计,并通过合理地控轧控冷工艺,在中厚板轧机上成功地生产出厚度40和50mm的V-N微合金化Q460GJC钢板。产品具有良好的综合性能,屈服强度大于470MPa,0℃冲击功超过150J,屈强比仅为80%。分析表明,细晶及析出强化对强度的贡献比例达到66%。     

真空处理时钒氮微合金钢中氮行为的研究

用50kg真空感应炉，通过VN合金(8％C，12％N，80％V)来增钒增氮，研究和模拟在RH真空条件下微合金钢水中N的行为。结果表明，在真空条件下，钢水中的C、Mn、V对N的行为基本没有影响，此时脱N为一级反应，传质速率常数为0．091cm／s；在低真空(9300Pa)过程充Ar，仍会发生脱N行为，此时脱N为二级反应，传质速率常数为0．022cm／s。只有在低真空(13300Pa)处理且过程充N的条件下，才能有效抑制N的逸出，此时钢水中C、Mn、V对N行为的影响仍很小。