煤矿安全投入综合评价指标的筛选与确定

评价安全投入状况必须借助相应的评价指标方能进行,现有安全投入评价指标体系的设计都是基于一般工业考虑,而煤炭工业具有非常鲜明的行业特点,将这些指标用于煤矿安全投入综合评价缺乏针对性．文章结合煤矿安全生产的特点,通过聚类分析将年安全投入总额、吨煤安全投入、安全工程投入、安全设备投入、安全科技投入、安全管理投入确定为评价煤矿安全投入水平的主要指标．     

基于TOC的煤矿安全精细化管理效率研究

针对煤矿生产系统涉及的要素多、危害安全生产的因素复杂,安全精细化管理的内容十分繁琐,从而影响管理效率及煤矿安全管理效果等问题,采用约束理论有关原理,在工业工程理论的指导下,探讨了提高煤矿安全精细化管理效率的方法,对实际煤矿安全生产管理具有重要的借鉴意义。     

基于EPON技术的煤矿信息网建设的研究

为了实现井下各主要生产环节的信息能在地面进行监测、监视、监控,井下工作人员之间能友好地通信,将EPON技术应用于煤矿井下信息网络中。EPON技术与现有以太网技术兼容,具有高带宽、低成本、带宽分配灵活,服务有保证等特点,能较好地解决通信网络在井下使用时产生的层叠问题,在各网之间实现无缝连接而不需要任何格式转换,大大地提高运行效率,方便管理和降低煤矿监控通信系统的成本。同时,可彻底避免外部设备的电磁干扰,提高系统的可靠性,减少线路和外部设备的故障率。使用EPON技术能很好地解决煤矿井下通信距离、速度、成本和安全的问题。     

基于数据包络分析的煤炭企业安全投入与事故预防

采用数据包络分析（DEA）模型,从事故预防的角度,将煤炭生产企业安全投入分为5个方面:安全技术设备、安全防护措施、安全教育、职业健康、安全管理。以大淑村矿为例,取其7年的数据,按照安全投入的5个方面进行整理,代入模型并通过DEA软件分析。结果表明:煤矿合理的安全资源配置才能使安全投入的收益最大化,盲目投入只会造成浪费。该煤炭企业应优先考虑安全技术设备和安全防护措施两方面的投入。应用结果证实了该评价方法的可行性和有效性,为煤炭企业在未来安全投入方面提供有效的科学依据,确保煤炭企业安全生产的顺利进行。     

基于区间数层次分析法的煤矿安全评价指标体系研究

基于区间数层次分析法的基本原理,全面综合考虑了煤矿安全生产的各种因素,应用区间数层次分析,将各指标两两比较得出区间数判断矩阵;将判断矩阵的特征向量作为煤矿安全评价因子的权重范围,构建了煤矿安全评价指标体系．该体系能客观地反映煤矿安全评价中各影响因素的权重范围,从而为煤矿安全评价及管理决策提供依据．     

Assessment of gas and dust explosion in coal mines by means of fuzzy fault tree analysis

During the past decade, coal dust and gas explosions have been the most two serious types of disasters in China, threatening the lives of miners and causing significant losses in terms of national property. In this paper, an evaluation model of coal dust and gas explosions was constructed based on a fuzzy fault tree by taking the Xingli Coal Mine as a research site to identify the risk factors of coal dust and gas explosions.Furthermore, the hazards associated with such explosions were evaluated for this particular coal mine.After completing an on-site investigation, the fuzzy probabilities of basic events were obtained through expert scoring, and these expert opinions were then aggregated as trapezoidal fuzzy numbers to calculate the degrees of importance of all basic events. Finally, these degrees of importance were sorted. According to the resulting order, the basic events with higher probabilities were determined to identify key hazards in the daily safety management of this particular coal mine. Moreover, effective measures for preventing gas and coal dust explosions were derived. The fuzzy fault tree analysis method is of high significance in the analysis of accidental coal mine explosions and provides theoretical guidance for improving the efficiency of coal mine safety management in a scientific and feasible manner.     

AHP-RBF神经网络在煤矿安全风险评价中的应用

煤矿生产的复杂性导致煤矿事故具有动态、随机、模糊的特性,而且影响煤矿安全风险等级的指标众多,风险等级与风险指标之间呈现出复杂的非线性关系。传统的BP神经网络评价方法的准确率低,本文提出一套新的煤矿安全风险评价方法。首先建立煤矿安全风险指标体系,然后利用AHP确定各风险指标权重,并对其进行重要性排序,最后将RBF神经网络作为评价工具,建立基于AHP-RBF神经网络的煤矿安全风险评价模型。通过案例分析表明该模型能够科学有效的对煤矿安全状况进行评价。     

Coalmine Safety Assurance Information System Based on GIS

The mine ventilation and safety is one of the most important factors to influence on the coal production. More attention has been paid to manage safety information in scientific, efficient, and real-time way. Therefore, it is important to develop a practical mine safety assurance information system (CSAIS). Based on analyzing the actual management mode for ventilation and safety on mine, the paper studies the structure and function of the mine safety assurance information system based on GIS in detail. Moreover, it also suggests some applications and solutions. By combining with the practical situation, the paper realizes the whole function of the present system.     

Study of a Comprehensive Assessment Method for Coal Mine Safety Based on a Hierarchical Grey Analysis

Coal mine safety is a complex system, which is controlled by a number of interrelated factors and is difficult to estimate. This paper proposes an index system of safety assessment based on correlated factors involved in coal mining and a comprehensive evaluation model that combines the advantages of the AHP and a grey clustering method to guarantee the accuracy and objectivity of weight coefficients. First, we confirmed the weight of every index using the AHP, then did a general safety assessment by means of a grey clustering method. This model analyses the status of mining safety both qualitatively and quantitatively. It keeps management and technical groups informed of the situation of the coal production line in real time, which aids in making correct decisions based on practical safety issues. A case study in the application of the model is presented. The results show that the method is applicable and realistic with regard to the core of a coal mine＇s safety management. Consequently, the safe production of a mine and the awareness of advanced safe production management is accelerated.     

基于DEA的资源配置评估系统的研究

数据包络分析(DEA)是一种评价相对有效性的线性规划方法,在投入-产出效率分析中被广泛应用,尤其适用于具有多输入、多输出以及评估对象多元性等特征的资源配置的评估中.该文采用DEA方法,对资源配置进行了有效性分析,并以黑龙江省工业行业资源配置为例进行了实证研究,得出资源配置的有效状态和优化方向.最后,提出通过调整生产要素的配置,改进企业内部管理水平及充分发挥生产潜力来提高黑龙江省工业企业的综合管理效率和产出效益.     

Numerical analysis and geotechnical assessment of mine scale model

Various numerical methods are available to model, simulate, analyse and interpret the results; however a major task is to select a reliable and intended tool to perform a realistic assessment of any problem. For a model to be a representative of the realistic mining scenario, a verified tool must be chosen to perform an assessment of mine roof support requirement and address the geotechnical risks associated with longwall mining. The dependable tools provide a safe working environment, increased production, efficient management of resources and reduce environmental impacts of mining. Although various methods, for example, analytical, experimental and empirical are being adopted in mining, in recent days numerical tools are becoming popular due to the advancement in computer hardware and numerical methods. Empirical rules based on past experiences do provide a general guide, however due to the heterogeneous nature of mine geology (i.e., none of the mine sites are identical), numerical simulations of mine site specific conditions would lend better insights into some underlying issues. The paper highlights the use of a continuum mechanics based tool in coal mining with a mine scale model. The continuum modelling can provide close to accurate stress fields and deformation. The paper describes the use of existing mine data to calibrate and validate the model parameters, which then are used to assess geotechnical issues related with installing a new high capacity longwall mine at the mine site. A variety of parameters, for example, chock convergences, caveability of overlying sandstones, abutment and vertical stresses have been estimated.     

Research on fault mode and diagnosis of methane sensor

To improve the reliability of coal mine safety monitoring systems we have analyzed the characteristics of a methane sensor, an important component of the monitoring system of production safety in a coal mine and studied the main type and mode of faults when the sensor was used on-line. We introduced a new method based on artificial neural network to detect faults of me-thane sensors. In addition, using the output information of a single methane sensor, we established a sensor output model of a dy-namic non-linear neural network for on-line fault detection. Finally, the fault of the heating wire of the sensor was simulated, indi-cating that, when the methane sensor had a fault, the predicted output of the neural network clearly deviated from the actual output,exceeding the pre-set threshold and showing that a fault had occurred in the methane sensor. The result shows that the model has good convergence and stability, and is quite capable of meeting the requirements for on-line fault detection of methane sensors.     

井采煤矿安全性态可拓评价模型的研究

在信息融合技术与可拓学理论的基础上,提出了一种新的井采煤矿安全性态评价模型.基于多传感器和数据库的信息融合技术对不同类型的安全数据进行处理,获得了合理、可靠的信息;利用可拓评价方法,通过物元可拓性的定性方法和可拓关联函数的定量方法解决了安全评价问题.利用该模型对实际井采煤矿进行安全评价分析,得到了井采矿井安全性态为Ⅱ级(安全),与实际结果一致.利用动态评价并绘制动态曲线,可反映矿井的安全性态.该方法应用于实际可行有效.     

基于人因可靠性的煤矿安全管理分析

通过对煤矿安全管理现状剖析,阐述了人的可靠性理论在大规模复杂的人机系统的特征及对人因的影响,建立了人因事故原因模型,并分析了影响人因可靠性因素,制定出在矿山管理中防治人的失误对策;进而提出加强煤矿安全管理重点,实现煤矿企业的安全管理水平稳步提高.     

Technology of groundwater reservoir construction in goafs of shallow coalfields

In exploiting shallow coal resources in western China, conservation of water resources is often subjugated to considera-tions of safety and production in coal mines. In order to maintain a sustainable development in the Shenfu-Dongsheng coalfield, we propose a technology of constructing groundwater reservoirs in goals in shallow coalfields to protect fragile ecological environ-ments. Given the premise of safe production, we selected an appropriate goal as the site for constructing a groundwater reservoir and used a mine water recharge technique in combination with other related techniques for effective water conservation. Then fil-tering and purification techniques were used to purify the mine water given the physical and chemical properties of mine water and its filling material, ,thereby greatly reducing suspended matter, calcium and other harmful ions in the water. With the potential of widely application, the research result has been successfully applied in the Daliuta coal mine, to great economic and ecological effect. Therefore, this achievement provides a new way for mine water conservation in shallow coal resources in western China.     

Improved complex filter applied in enhancing EFT/B immunity at a coal mine monitoring substation

A monitoring system is an important guarantee of safety in a production mine. However, not all monitoring substations pass the electrical fast transient/burst (EFT/B) immunity test and the explosion-proof test simultaneously. To enhance the immunity, the values of capacitance and inductance should be increased, which are actually limited by coal mine explosion-proof standards. Hence, for the first time, an active filter was applied in an electromagnetic interference (EMI) output filter. As a result, the interfer-ence within 30 MHz clearly weakened, but the frequency spectrum had a wide range. An EMI input filter and ferrite beads were adopted to restrain higher frequency interference. An output interference spectrogram of the substation was obtained with an ana-lyzer. The results indicate that the improved complex filtering markedly help to control interference. With the support of improved complex filtering and other enhancing immunity means about I/O ports, the substation managed to pass both the EFT/B immunity test and the explosion-proof test synchronously. We conclude that improved complex filtering is of vital importance in enhancing the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of the coal mine monitoring system.     

浅析我国非营利组织的财务管理

我国许多非营利组织尚未完全实现由政府机构向市场经济主体的转变,缺乏一个财务权力配置合理、权责结合、激励约束和监督有效的“适度分权”的财务治理模式。这种现象导致非营利组织财务管理漏洞百出,造成资源重复配置,使用效率不高,也给不法人员谋取个人利益留下空间,破坏了整个非营利组织在社会公众心目中的形象。因此,如何建立科学合理的财务治理模式,规范非营利组织的财务行为,已经成为我国当前亟待解决的问题。     

岱庄煤矿近距离煤层微量元素赋存特征研究

煤矿开采的主要对象是煤层,煤层对比清楚与否,直接影响煤矿安全生产和经济效益.岱庄煤矿3上1、3上及3下煤层相距较近,区分不明显,容易造成采掘巷道串层现象.对岱庄煤矿可采煤层中微量元素赋存特征开展研究,掌握不同煤层中微量元素的赋存状况,可很好地判断岱庄煤矿煤层层位,能有效避免地质构造等因素造成近距离煤层采掘串层现象,对合理设计开采方案和采掘进度有重大意义,从而为岱庄煤矿安全、高效生产提供科学依据和保障.     

江苏省工业企业生产效率分析及评价——以国有控股工业企业为例

为研究江苏省工业企业生产效率,首先通过灰色综合关联分析法找出影响工业生产效率的主要因素,其次利用数据包络分析法中以产出为导向的BCC模型构建生产效率投入产出模型,并选择企业单位数、销售费用、管理费用作为投入指标,利润总额、主营业务收入作为产出指标,最后以2019年江苏省各地级市国有控股工业企业为研究对象。研究结果表明：江苏省2019年国有控股工业企业生产效率为85.6%,还有14.4%的改善空间;工业综合技术效率为1的城市有5个,低于1的有8个;生产效率较低是由纯技术效率和规模效率无效共同导致的,且规模效率是主要原因;江苏省国有控投工业企业为提高生产效率,需减少约18.4%的企业数,苏州市和镇江市还得提高相应的利润。据此,建议从技术革新和资源有效配置两方面同时着手处理,并采取相应的对策。     

Groundwater impact of open cut coal mine and an assessment methodology: A case study in NSW

Large scale open cut coal mining operations have significant impacts to groundwater in surrounding areas in both active and post-mining phases. The prediction of water inflows into a surface mine excavation is one of the many components involved in mine design phase. Groundwater performance also reacts to mining activities from the operational, economic and safety implications perspective. Under NSW planning legislation, as part of the comprehensive risk assessment, a groundwater impact assessment has to be conducted for a coal project to predict and mitigate the impacts in consideration of the government requirements. In this paper, the groundwater assessment modelling of mine pits was discussed in predicting of groundwater inflows and reviewing analytical and numerical approaches. A methodology of groundwater impact assessment for an open cut mine in NSW with a three-dimensional groundwater flow model Modflow Surfact demonstrated its functions in simulating the project's impacts on the groundwater regime. The key findings with mitigations are discussed and recommended in the paper to reduce impacts on groundwater and fulfil regulation requirements in NSW.