壳聚糖接枝聚丙烯酸高吸水树脂的制备及抑菌性能

以壳聚糖和丙烯酸为原料,通过接枝共聚反应合成了具有一定抑菌性能的壳聚糖接枝聚丙烯酸高吸水树脂.研究了引发剂、交联剂、壳聚糖和中和度等因素对树脂吸水性能的影响,探讨了中和度和壳聚糖用量对吸水树脂抑菌率的影响.结果表明,在适宜合成条件下,树脂具有较高的吸水性能及良好的抑菌性能,吸水倍率为684.85 g/g,接枝率为84....     

羧甲基壳聚糖接枝聚丙烯酸高吸水树脂的制备及抑菌性能

以壳聚糖为原料,在碱性条件下与氯乙酸反应,合成了具有良好水溶性的羧甲基壳聚糖。以合成的水溶性羧甲基壳聚糖和丙烯酸为原料,通过接枝共聚反应合成了具有一定抑菌性能的羧甲基壳聚糖接枝聚丙烯酸高吸水树脂。探讨了羧甲基壳聚糖的合成条件,研究了羧甲基壳聚糖用量对树脂吸水性能和抑菌性能的影响。结果表明,当碱与壳聚糖的质量比为6∶1,氯乙酸与壳聚糖的质量比为5.5∶1时,羧甲基壳聚糖的产率和取代度均较高,在水中的水溶性较好;在相同的合成条件下,当羧甲基壳聚糖用量为丙烯酸质量的1.80%时,树脂具有较高的吸水性能及良好的抑菌性能,且均优于壳聚糖接枝聚丙烯酸高吸水树脂,其吸水倍率为980 g/g,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均有抑制其生长的作用,抑菌率分别为91.7%和70.6%。     

明胶铈/壳聚糖共混物的制备及抑菌活性研究

通过溶液共混的方法制备了明胶铈/壳聚糖,并对其抑菌活性进行了研究。红外光谱和透射比分析结果表明:明胶铈与壳聚糖具有良好的相容性。抑菌实验发现明胶铈/壳聚糖的抑菌活性明显高于相应的单组分。     

准均相反应制备磺化壳聚糖

以工业壳聚糖为原料,先制成一定浓度的壳聚糖准均相溶液,再以浓硫酸-氯磺酸磺化试剂进行磺化,获得了水溶性较好、含硫量较高的磺化壳聚糖,硫含量为0.13%~0.15%,同时确立最佳反应条件为:壳聚糖85.7 g/L,4%醋酸溶液20 mL,反应时间1 h,H2SO4∶HSO3C l=1∶2,硫酸化/磺化试剂总浓度为42.86%,反应温度为50℃。IR光谱分析表明,该衍生物具有与肝素相似的结构,是一种非常具有潜力的新型类肝素。     

壳聚糖的抑菌性能应用研究进展

介绍了壳聚糖的性质，以及壳聚糖及其衍生物抑菌性能的应用研究进宸。     

磺化壳聚糖的研制

研究和讨论了壳聚糖磺化反应中氯磺酸用量、反应温度、反应时间对产物中硫含量的影响,通过实验确定了最佳工艺条件。     

甲壳素——壳聚糖的抑菌性能研究进展

甲壳素是一种仅次于纤维素的第二大天然高分子聚合物，是一种可再生资源。记述了目前甲壳素及其脱酰衍生物——壳聚糖的特性以及其在抑菌方面的研究进展。     

O-季铵化低聚壳聚糖芳香醛席夫碱衍生物的制备及其抑菌活性

以低聚壳聚糖为对象,苯甲醛、水杨醛、香草醛为改性试剂,设计合成了一系列O-季铵盐低聚壳聚糖芳香醛席夫碱衍生物。产物元素分析发现其席夫碱取代度接近100%,电位滴定确定产物的季铵盐接枝率在35%左右。抑菌活性研究表明,合成的各种O-季铵盐低聚壳聚糖芳香醛席夫碱衍生物抑菌活性明显增强,活性大小依次为香草醛改性物水杨醛改性物苯甲醛改性物低聚壳聚糖。抑菌活性构效关系分析表明,低聚壳聚糖通过芳香醛席夫碱改性引入了酚羟基抑菌活性中心,但酚羟基的抑菌活性受空间位阻影响较大。     

壳聚糖及其衍生物与碘的络合物的抑菌性质研究

利用壳聚糖(CTS)、水杨醛改性壳聚糖(S-CTS)和还原水杨醛改性壳聚糖(RS-CTS)与碘以不同质量比制备络合物,通过碘量法测络合物的摩尔比,UV光谱和IR光谱对络合物进行了表征。考察了CTS和RS-CTS与碘络合物的抑菌性质。结果表明,壳聚糖及其衍生物与碘络合物摩尔比(壳聚糖及其衍生物结构单元与碘之比)分别为:n(CTS)∶n(I2)=1∶0.38,n(S-CTS)∶n(I2)=1∶0.85,n(RS-CTS)∶n(I2)=1∶0.73。CTS和RS-CTS与碘的络合物对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌敏感度为高度敏感。     

壳聚糖-活性炭复合物吸附性能及抑菌性能研究

将壳聚糖(CTS)与活性炭(AC)制成壳聚糖-活性炭复合物(CTS-AC)。考察了壳聚糖用量、制备复合物的pH以及沉淀剂对复合物吸附性能的影响;进而研究了复合物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果。结果表明,随着复合物中壳聚糖含量的升高,复合物的吸附性能下降,但抑菌效果增强;随着制备复合物的pH的升高,复合物的吸附性能增强;以NaOH-乙醇为沉淀剂时,复合物的吸附性能最佳,但抑菌效果最差。     

壳聚糖衍生物抗菌塑料制备与性能评价

采用水相悬浮聚合法合成壳聚糖接枝苯乙烯（CTS-g-St）抗菌剂，机械共混法制备了以LDPE为基体的抗菌塑料，采用红外光谱分析抗菌剂，扫描电镜观察材料断面，定量抗菌实验对抗菌塑料抗菌活性进行了测定，并测试了材料的力学性能。结果表明：苯乙烯单体成功接枝到壳聚糖分子上；改性壳聚糖与树脂间具有很好的相容性；抗菌剂添加量为2份时，抗菌塑料对大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌在24h、48h抗菌率均超过90％；抗菌剂的加入对材料力学性能无不良影响。     

A Study on the Effects of the Degree of Deacetylation of Chitosan Films on Physical and Antibacterial Properties

The principal aim of this research study is to discuss the influences and effects of the acetylation degree of chitosan on antibacterial properties, mechanism, and thermal properties. Various chitosan with different degrees of deacetylation (DD%) were dissolved in acetic acid solution to produce films. The basic structure of chitosan consists of different ratios of amine (?NH₂) and acetic (R-HNCO-R). The discussion in this research paper also includes bacteriostasis, sterilization antibacterial capabilities, thermal manufacturing properties, and mechanisms.     

Antibacterial activity of chitosan grafting nisin: Preparation and characterization

Nisin grafted chitosan was prepared by using microbial transglutaminase as biocatalyst. The transglutaminase-catalyzed reaction displayed high efficiency, high selectivity, mild reaction condition and environmental friendliness. The results revealed that the degree of substitution (DS) of nisin–chitosan could be controlled by adjusting the reaction time, the reaction temperature and the molar ratio of nisin to chitosan. And nisin–chitosan in different pH showed excellent solubility. In addition, in vitro antibacterial activity assessment, nisin–chitosan with the concentration of 0.008 mg/mL showed pronounced inhibitory effect against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). Furthermore, L929 mouse fibroblasts were cultured with nisin–chitosan, and the methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay showed that nisin–chitosan with the concentration from 0.005 to 0.01 mg/mL displayed low toxicity. The results may contribute to finding the application of nisin–chitosan in pharmaceutical and food industry fields.     

抗菌型高抗冲聚苯乙烯的制备

采用机械共混法和热本体聚合法制备抗菌型高抗冲PS（HIPS）,通过定性和定量试验对抗菌型HIPS的抗菌活性进行了测定与分析。结果表明,用机械共混法和热本体聚合法制得的抗菌型HIPS都具有强抗菌活性,抗菌率分别达95％和99％以上;在热本体聚合法中,对所用PSK-11中的抗菌组分的表面处理能有效地提高产物在短接触时间下的抗菌活性;通过这两种方法制备的抗菌型HIPS未产生变色,在放置3年后对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率均超过99％,表现出优异的抗菌稳定性、持久性。     

A Study on the Acetylation Degree of Chitosan and Its Effects on the Physical Properties of Antibacterial Membrane in the Polyurethane Lamination Process

This article aims to explore how the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) affects the various conditions of chitosan. Several processes were used and two of them are the TPU film and chitosan lamination process intended to complete a membrane, and the TPU and chitosan blending process designed to manufacture a film. This research shall also probe into the acetylation degree of chitosan so as to understand how an increase in content may affect the antibacterial qualities, manufacturing process, mechanism, and thermal properties.     

Preparation of Some Eco-friendly Corrosion Inhibitors Having Antibacterial Activity from Sea Food Waste

Chitosan is one of the important biopolymers and it is extracted from exoskeletons of crustaceans in sea food waste. It is a suitable eco-friendly carbon steel corrosion inhibitor in acid media; the deacetylation degree of prepared chitosan is more than 85.16 %, and the molecular weight average is 109 kDa. Chitosan was modified to 2-N,N-diethylbenzene ammonium chloride N-oxoethyl chitosan (compound I), and 12-ammonium chloride N-oxododecan chitosan (compound II) as soluble water derivatives. The corrosion inhibition efficiency for carbon steel of compound (I) in 1 M HCl at varying temperature is higher than for chitosan and compound (II). However, the antibacterial activity of chitosan for Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans is higher than for its derivatives, and the minimum inhibition concentration and minimum bacterial concentration of chitosan and its derivatives were carried out with the same strain.     

Chitosan Biopolymer Schiff Base: Preparation,Characterization, Optical,and Antibacterial Activity

Natural biopolymer used for hydrogels has attracted increasing attention in the multifaceted areas of biomedical science and engineering. The authors prepared chitosan biopolymer Schiff base by solvent exchange method using a simple aliphatic crosslinker, crotanaldehyde. The identity of Schiff base was confirmed by UV-vis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The chitosan Schiff base was evaluated by XRD, TGA, DSC, and SEM. The microbiological screening results demonstrated the antibacterial activity of Schiff base against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. These results suggest that the newly prepared Schiff base may open a new perspective in biomedical applications.     

壳聚糖酰胺衍生物保湿性能研究

壳聚糖具有良好的保湿性能 ,但由于不溶于水 ,因此在化妆品中难以应用。虽然它能溶于酸溶液中 ,但会发生降解而不稳定。壳聚糖可与生物有机酸反应制得壳聚糖N -酰化的衍生物 ,2 %的该类衍生物 ,其保湿性明显优于10 %的甘油水溶液 ,而且粘度稳定 ,无降解发生 ,故可在化妆品中用作保湿剂。     

壳聚糖抗菌活性研究进展

壳聚糖具有无毒、良好的生物相容性、生物可降解性、广谱抗菌性等优良性能,作为新型抗菌剂越来越受学者的青睐。本文主要综述了21世纪以来影响壳聚糖抗菌性能的因素、壳聚糖的抗菌机理以及壳聚糖衍生物抗菌性能等方面的内容。     

哌嗪基[口恶]唑烷酮类衍生物的合成及其体外抗菌活性研究

以S-环氧氯丙烷和3,4-二氟硝基苯为原料,设计并合成了12个哌嗪取代[口恶]唑烷酮类化合物,其结构均经高分辨1HNMR和MS确认。以利奈唑胺为参照物,对合成的化合物进行了金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌和大肠杆菌的体外抗菌实验,结果表明,合成的化合物有一定抗菌活性,但活性均明显低于利奈唑胺。