钢纤维混凝土方形板的冲切强度统一解

该文基于统一强度理论对钢纤维混凝土方形板的冲切承载力进行了理论分析,推导了冲切破坏强度的计算公式。所得的解考虑了板的抗弯能力、纵向钢筋以及材料的中间主应力效应对冲切破坏强度的影响,可以灵活地应用于各种不同材料。将该文的理论计算值与试验值进行了比较,二者吻合较好。     

基于双剪强度理论的混凝土板极限冲切承载力计算方法

将混凝土板的冲切破坏简化为平面应变问题,采用双剪应力三参数强度准则对冲切破坏时的混凝土板剪压区的复合应力进行分析,得到了剪压面上的极限竖向剪应力,利用静力平衡条件求得混凝土板的极限冲切承载力计算公式。与国内外246个试件的试验数据进行比较表明,该公式的计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。计算公式的计算模式概念清晰,可供结构设计时参考。     

混凝土板柱节点冲切承载力的极限分析

基于抛物线形的Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则,推导出了求解混凝土板柱节点冲切承载力最小上限解的偏微分方程,通过该偏微分方程求解出了圆柱节点承载力的解析解,同时也求解出了方柱节点承载力的级数解。通过对试验中板柱节点冲切破坏特征的总结,确定了塑性极限分析中相关参数的取值,推导出了能用于实践的计算公式,经检验效果良好。对比分析了圆柱、方柱节点冲切破坏屈服面上的空间应力分布状况,发现圆柱和方柱节点柱边的应力高于板底的应力,在方柱节点在柱角处存在应力集中现象。     

混凝土弯冲板的破坏机构与极限强度

根据试验结果,建立了考虑弯曲变形的新的斜锥面冲切破坏机构,基于塑性极限分析理论,采用双剪应力强度准则,推导得到钢筋混凝土板斜锥面抗冲切荷载表达式,并提出冲切板的极限承载力由斜锥面实际抗冲切力和板抗弯能力二个部分组成。对国内外101个冲切试件的计算结果表明,理论值与实测值吻合良好。     

Punching shear strength of interior concrete slab–column connections reinforced with steel fibers

A theoretical study was performed to investigate the punching shear strength of interior slab–column connections made of steel fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). In the steel FRC slab–column connection, the shear force applied to the critical section is resisted by both the compression zone and the tension zone at the critical section. The shear capacity of the compression zone was defined by considering the interaction between the shear and the normal stresses developed at the critical section. The shear capacity of the tension zone was defined by considering the post-cracking tensile strength of FRC. By using the shear capacity, a new strength model for the punching shear strength of steel FRC slab–column connections was developed. The proposed strength model was verified using existing test results and showed very good accuracy. For convenience in design, a simplified design equation was also developed.     

用统一强度理论求解轴对称混凝土板的冲切强度

本文采用统一强度理论作为混凝土的破坏准则,求解了轴对称混凝土板的冲切破坏强度,利用上限定理求出了一组破坏荷载,得出了强度理论参数b对冲切强度的影响曲线。所得的解可以考虑材料的中间主应力效应对冲切破坏强度的影响, 可以灵活地应用于工程上的各种不同材料, 公式形式简单便于应用, 且与已有结果及试验资料符合较好。     

用双剪强度理论解混凝土板冲切的轴对称问题

本文采用双剪强度理论，对混凝土板轴对称冲切破坏强度进行了计算。采用刚塑性模型，给出轴对称破坏机构，得到极限应力圆的包络线为二条直线，再利用虚功方程求得破坏荷载的上限。公式形式简单，与已有结果相比符合很好。     

A design model for punching shear of FRP-reinforced slab-column connections

The overall aim of this paper is to develop a unified design method for the punching shear resistance of slab-column connections irrespective of the type of internal reinforcement. In the first part of the paper a design model for the punching shear resistance of concrete slab-column connections reinforced with fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP) is proposed. This design model is based on the authors’ theoretical analysis for such slabs, which considers the physical behavior of the connections under load. The effects of the inherent linear brittle response, the lower elastic modulus and the different bond features, as compared to steel, of the FRP reinforcement are all accounted for in the present study. The proposed model does not incorporate any fitting factors to match the theory to the trend of the available FRP slab test results. The excellent agreement between the predicted and published test results should give confidence to engineers and designers in using FRP as a sound structural reinforcement for slab-column connections.

It is then shown that the proposed design model for FRP slabs and the previous model of the authors for steel reinforced slabs are both identical in nature and structure, thus constituting a unified approach to design for punching shear in slabs. On the basis of the unified model comparison and correlation between an FRP slab and a reference steel reinforced slab, confirmed by the available test results, are presented. The unified model also enables the development of a more rational and reliable equivalent steel reinforcement ratio which can be applied to existing code equations for steel reinforced slabs to estimate the punching resistance of FRP-reinforced slabs.     

轴对称条件下混凝土板的冲切强度

本文采用Hsich-Ting-Chen强度准则,对轴对称条件下混凝土板冲切强度进行了分析,推导出破坏时的冲切面上正应力和剪应力表达式;采用刚塑性模型,给出了轴对称破坏机构,再利用虚功原理求得破坏荷载的上限。计算公式形式简单,计算结果与已有结果相比符合较好。     

人工神经网络在钢管砼增强高强砼柱抗剪承载力预报中的应用

探索应用人工神经网络对截面核心用钢管砼增强的高强砼柱的抗剪承载力进行评估的可能性,利用该柱剪切性能试验的结果,其中的24组数据作为学习样本,另外的6组数据则作为测试样本,训练了一个三层BP网络,进行了柱抗剪承载力的预报,结果和试验值吻合良好。进而利用该网络模型分析了不同参数对柱抗剪承载力的影响,表明采用钢管混凝土作核心对增强高强混凝土柱的抗剪承载力有很好的效果,分析还表明随着体积配箍率的增大,柱的抗剪承载力也相应地得到提高。     

基于桁架-拱模型理论对碳纤维布加固混凝土柱受剪承载力的分析

根据文献[1]碳纤维布加固混凝土柱受剪性能的试验研究,结果表明碳纤维布的受力机理与箍筋类似。由于碳纤维布无屈服现象,故达到最大荷载时碳纤维布的应力是确定加固后柱受剪承载力的关键参数。本文基于桁架-拱模型理论对碳纤维布的受力进行了分析,推导出碳纤维布应力的计算公式,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

圆管翼缘钢-混凝土新型组合梁负弯矩区力学性能试验研究

为研究圆管翼缘组合梁负弯矩区的力学性能,进行了5根简支组合梁负弯矩作用下的静力加载试验,分析了试验梁的变形、应变发展规律。依据试验梁承载能力极限状态下的受力特性,采用简化塑性理论推导了圆管翼缘组合梁负弯矩区纯弯、纯剪承载力的计算公式,比较了公式对试验梁极限承载力的计算精度。对比EC4、GB 50917-2013、ASCE及Liang等公式的弯剪相关关系及对试验梁极限承载力的计算结果,提出了圆管翼缘组合梁负弯矩区弯剪相关承载力的适用计算公式。研究结果表明：试验梁在试验过程中表现出良好的稳定性和延性性能,最终破坏时伴随发生了局部剪切屈曲、下翼缘侧向屈曲、梁端腹板压屈及钢梁整体弯扭屈曲等4种典型破坏形态;当混凝土翼板受拉开裂后,不计混凝土抗剪作用的计算弹性剪应变分布较为符合实测剪应变曲线;受高剪力、高弯矩相关效应影响,计算负弯矩区圆管翼缘组合梁承载力时应考虑弯剪相关作用;GB 50917-2013给出的弯剪相关关系对试验梁极限抗弯承载力的计算平均值为96%,是综合计算精度与结果安全性的较适用公式。建议在应用所提纯弯、纯剪承载力公式的基础上,采用GB 50917-2013的弯剪相关公式计算负弯矩区圆管翼缘组合梁的弯剪相关承载力。     

Non-linear finite element analyses of punching shear failure of column footings

Current design methods and code formulas for the assessment of the punching shear strength are normally based on tests on slabs with relatively high slenderness, i.e., with high shear-span to depth ratios. Column footings normally have low shear-span to depth ratios. Previous punching tests on column footings indicate that the failure mechanism for punching of slabs with low shear-span to depth ratios differs from that of slabs with high shear-span to depth ratios. In this investigation, punching tests on two circular column footings of reinforced concrete were simulated numerically. The results show how the failure mechanism differs from that of more slender slabs. A parametric study also confirms that the punching shear strength of the analysed slabs strongly depends on the compressive strength of concrete.     

基于抗剪抵抗机构的无开洞RC剪力墙的极限承载力分析模型的探讨

以探讨基于抗剪抵抗机构和破坏模式的带边框柱或暗柱的普通配筋形式的钢筋混凝土(RC)剪力墙极限承载力的分析模型为目的,鉴于RC剪力墙受力特性、破坏过程及破坏模式,以混凝土斜压杆为主的抗剪抵抗机构可简化成:倾角为θ的混凝土斜压杆、纵向及横向分布钢筋三部分组成。基于抗剪抵抗机构、力的平衡条件以及RC剪力墙的极限承载力的计算公式,编制了计算程序,对14片不同配筋、不同几何尺寸和受力状态的RC剪力墙进行了极限承载力分析,理论计算结果和试验结果吻合较好,可以得出该分析模型能够较好的反映无开洞RC剪力墙的极限承载力特性,可应用于不同受力状态下RC剪力墙的极限承载力验算。     

矩形截面框架柱斜向受剪承载力计算模型

为避免矩形截面框架柱在斜向水平地震作用下发生脆性破坏,通过试验研究14根框架柱在斜向水平荷载作用下的受力性能和破坏机理。以桁架-拱模型为基础建立计算矩形截面框架柱斜向受剪承载力的空间桁架-拱模型,该模型主要考虑了框架柱截面面积、混凝土和箍筋材料强度、配箍率、轴压力以及混凝土强度折减系数对其斜向受剪承载力的影响。最后,利用该文以及其他试验共计30根矩形截面框架柱的斜向受剪承载力试验结果对此空间桁架-拱模型的可行性和适用性进行了验证,试验结果与计算值的对比表明利用该模型可以安全计算矩形截面框架柱斜向受剪承载力。     

弯剪受力下后锚固群锚承载力计算方法分析

在现有研究理论基础上,针对钢-混凝土后锚固连接钢材破坏时群锚弯剪承载力计算进行分析。采用椭圆型拉剪计算公式并假定所有锚栓均参与受剪,将群锚弯剪受力问题转化为受拉最大那排锚栓的拉剪承载力计算。进行了弯剪受力下的型钢-混凝土后锚固连接件静力和低周反复加载试验,锚固方式采用化学植筋。试验结果表明:受拉最大的钢筋首先达到屈服,且发生在整体锚固破坏前,仅钢筋周围局部混凝土在临近破坏时损坏,可以判断为钢材破坏,破坏前有明显的变形征兆,低周反复加载下后锚固连接承载力较相应的静力时低,建议抗震设计时取承载力折减系数0.8。通过对比分析,该文改进后的群锚弯剪受力方法的计算结果与试验数据吻合较好,可为工程设计提供参考。     

Nonlinear static cyclic pushover analysis for flexural failure of reinforced concrete bridge columns with combined damage mechanisms

In a fixed connection of a reinforced concrete bridge column, experiments have shown that the longitudinal reinforcing bars slip at the interface of the connection under cyclic seismic loading. The bond-slip (or strain penetration) of the longitudinal reinforcing bars causes a pinching effect in the column’s hysteresis curve. The bond-slip (or strain penetration) reduces the column’s stiffness and increases its deformations during an earthquake event, significantly affecting the performance of the column. Significant strength degradation has also been observed after the column reaches its ultimate strength. This study is to model a reinforced concrete column’s performance under cyclic pushover analysis with combined damage mechanisms including concrete cracking, concrete strength degradation due to concrete spalling, longitudinal reinforcing bars buckling, and bond-slip between longitudinal reinforcing bars and concrete. Two multi-scale nonlinear finite element models with and without the bond-slip (or strain penetration) of a reinforced concrete bridge column are proposed. The simulated column’s hysteresis curves under nonlinear cyclic pushover are compared with available experimental data. The results show that the proposed models with bond-slip together with combined damage mechanisms can effectively predict the seismically induced flexural failure behavior of the reinforced concrete bridge columns.     

钢骨高强混凝土边节点抗震性能试验研究

进行了5个低周期反复荷载下钢骨高强混凝土柱与钢筋高强混凝土梁边节点试验,分析了其破坏模式与受力性能,明确该类节点的滞回曲线特征,得到其延性系数和等效粘滞阻尼比系数,该类节点延性系数、等效阻尼比系数比钢筋高强混凝土节点大,与钢骨普通混凝土节点比较接近。通过试验,分析了钢骨、高强混凝土及箍筋等对节点的抗剪承载力的影响,建立了该类节点的抗剪承载力计算公式,理论计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。     

钢纤维高强混凝土冲切板的挠度计算

通过钢纤维高强混凝土简支方板的冲切试验,得到冲切板的板面变形分布图及中心点荷载挠度曲线,认为板在冲切破坏之前发生的变形主要是弯曲变形。该变形反映了板在各个受力阶段的抗弯性能,也在很大程度上直接影响着冲切锥面上的应力分布和板的抗冲切能力。对冲切板在破坏前各受力阶段的挠度进行了计算,计算结果与实测曲线吻合良好。     

混凝土材料真实动态强度及率效应机理研究

混凝土的动态承载力包括真实动态强度和惯性承载力两部分,并且真实动态强度存在极限动态强度。以往的研究并没有区分真实动态强度和惯性承载力,过高地估计了混凝土的真实动态强度。该文研究了混凝土材料应变率相关强度的物理机制,将混凝土的宏观承载力分为真实动态强度和惯性效应引起的附加承载力,分别揭示了真实动态强度与惯性效应的物理机制。物理机制表明混凝土的真实动态强度不是无限增加的,而是存在一个极限值,这与混凝土材料非线性单轴动态S准则的规律相同。因此,利用S准则来描述混凝土的真实动态强度。通过与动态单轴压缩试验结果和动态单轴拉伸试验结果比较表明,S准则能够合理地描述混凝土材料的真实动态强度规律,并且能够很好地反映混凝土材料的极限动态强度。