中混室多层澄清界面萃取器的研制

报道了一种新型混合澄清萃取器。这种萃取器的混合室居于萃取器的中部，其上部、下部和一侧旁分别是上澄清区、下澄清区和侧旁澄清区，它们联合作为澄清室。这三个区均有分相界面。搅拌器为双层浆叶，轻重相从上、下层浆叶之间进入混合室。试验表明，这种萃取器能大幅度提高通量，大大减少占地面积，降低槽体存留量，有显著的经济潜力。     

管道混合澄清萃取箱的设计探讨

讨论了现有离心萃取器和传统混合澄清萃取箱的现状与应用设计上存在的问题,研究了管道混合澄清萃取箱的设计方案。     

P507萃取分离镍钴工艺研究

以湿法工艺处理镍基高温合金废料过程中产生的镍钴净化富集溶液为原料,以P507为萃取剂,使用连续化逆流萃取分离设备——混合澄清槽,采用"P507六级萃取钴—六级洗涤—四级反萃"连续萃取工艺,获得了镍富集溶液和钴富集溶液,其中镍富集液中镍钴浓度比达8 000、钴富集液中钴镍浓度比达12 576,实现了镍钴的有效分离。     

P507负载有机相洗镍工艺研究

以P507萃取分离镍钴后负载有机相为原料,使用连续化逆流萃取分离设备——混合澄清槽,分别以硫酸溶液、硫酸和硫酸钴混合溶液、硫酸钴溶液为洗涤剂研究了连续逆流洗镍工艺。结果显示,硫酸和硫酸钴混合溶液、纯硫酸钴溶液、硫酸溶液将有机相中镍浓度洗涤至小于5mg/L分别需要2级、3级和6~7级。     

计算机闭环控制串级萃取稀土分组过程的试验研究──兼论模拟混合澄清槽萃取过程的数学模型

在１０升混合室容积的多级混合澄清槽萃取器上，实施了溶剂萃取稀土分组生产过程的计算机闭环控制。在连续运行的五个月中，水相和有机相两个出口都稳定得到了９９．９９％纯度的产品。试验中发现基于模拟“分液漏斗法”串级萃取过程的数学模型进行的计算机仿真实验结果在萃取过程的动态响应上与混合澄清槽的实际情况有很大的差异，因此作者提出了模拟混合澄清槽萃取过程的数学模型。     

浅池式混合澄清萃取箱鉴定会

<正> 由北京矿冶研究总院研究、设计,海南农垦石碌铜厂加工制造,并在该厂氧化铜矿浸出—萃取—电积流程中应用的浅池式混合澄清萃取箱,于1984年4月2日至4日在石碌铜厂通过技术鉴定。 会议由北京矿冶研究总院的代表作了“浅池式混合澄清萃取箱的研究报告”和石碌铜厂的代表作的“浅池式混合澄清萃取箱的生产运转报告”。代     

国内外离心萃取器发展概况

一、概述溶剂萃取在湿法冶金、医药、化工、核燃料等工业部门得到了越来越广泛的应用。所用的各种萃取设备也相应的得到了发展。在混合澄清萃取槽、萃取塔。离心萃取器三大类萃取设备中、混合澄清萃取槽应用最广泛。其次是萃取塔。离心萃取器的应用由于它的独特的特点,也越来越得到人们的重视.     

高效双混合室新萃取箱在生产中的应用

一、前言 在稀有、稀土及有色金属的萃取生产中,考虑到混合澄清萃取器或萃取箱比萃取塔或离心萃取器具有更多的优越性,故国外大厂普遍使用混合澄清萃取器。生产规模较小、需要级数很多的稀有-稀土元素分离及稀土的分离、提纯,广泛采用结构紧凑而灵活的多级组合萃取箱。国内湿法冶金萃取过     

从高钙富硼老卤中提硼研究

以青海某高钙富硼老卤为研究对象开展了提硼研究。结果表明,合适的萃取条件为：磺化煤油为稀释剂、异辛醇用量50%、萃取相比1.0、萃取混合时间15 min;合适的反萃条件为：反萃剂为pH=1的稀盐酸、反萃相比1.5、反萃混合时间15 min。以此条件在五级混合澄清槽中完成了连续逆流萃取—反萃运转试验,连续运转45 h,硼萃取率为95.49%,硼与钾、钠、钙、镁的分离效果较好;硼反萃率为99.59%,反萃液中硼含量达17.17 g/L。采用“溶剂萃取—反萃—高温蒸发低温冷却结晶—重溶冷却结晶—过滤洗涤—干燥”工艺高效分离提取硼,硼总回收率为92.33%,制备出的硼酸产品达国家质量标准（GB/T 538—2018）要求。     

溶剂萃取塔的自动控制

1.绪言溶剂萃取工艺在工业上已广泛用于冶金分离。所用设备的型式和规格多种多样。混合器主要有混合澄清槽和萃取塔两种。在萃取塔设备内的停留时间通常比在混合澄清槽的要短得多,后者的特点是澄清槽容纳量大。因此,萃取塔对料液变化和扰动的反应是比较迅速的。     

钛渣酸解过程中物相变化特征探讨

明确物相变化是剖析钛渣酸解机理和改进酸解工艺的关键点之一.综合应用化学分析、X射线衍射(XRD)分析、矿物解离分析以及扫描电镜形貌分析对某74钛渣酸解过程中主要物相的含量、形貌变化以及Ti、Si两种元素的含量及赋存变化进行了研究.结果表明:钛渣主要由黑钛石和辉石组成,酸解过程中黑钛石含量逐渐减小,辉石含量逐渐增加;反应...     

Evaporation Research: Review and Interpretation

Literature regarding evaporation from soil, wet plant surfaces, and sprinkler droplets was examined, normalized, and interpreted. Much of the evaporation literature is difficult to compare and interpret; this paper offers comparisons and discussions of various findings by others as well as by the writers. Techniques of measuring and estimating evaporation from irrigation and rainfall are discussed. The partitioning between increased evaporation and decreased transpiration from a variety of research is quantified. Factors that impact the various forms of evaporation are listed and quantified. This review and summary will provide practitioners and researchers with theoretical and practical guidance on measurement techniques and estimates of evaporation under a wide range of conditions.     

Sham reasoning, Humpty Dumpty, and the burden of proof.

Slife and Reber ask of psychologists that they recognize their prejudice against theism and the incompatibility between theistic and naturalistic worldviews. Yet, the subtext of their article is that theism and naturalism are equally valid and that psychology’s secularism is a mistake. Given that theism is not beyond reason, the only sufficient ground for charging psychologists with prejudice is if (i) theism has survived serious attempts at conceptual and empirical test, and (ii) psychology ignores or disguises this fact. So, the grounds for believing in the reality of a supernatural existent are highly relevant to the authors’ allegation. However, their concept of God affords no such grounds. They disavow the logic involved in the ordinary meaning of the term “incompatible” and they ignore a crucial distinction between conditions of existence and qualities of things or processes. The consequence is that either God is this-worldly, and there is no ontological basis to Slife and Reber’s incompatibility thesis, or God’s mode of existence is quite different from the mode of existence of ordinary things and all the problems of dualism follow. Either way, their charge of prejudice is without foundation. The burden of proof rests with the defender of theism and, for now, psychology’s secularism can be considered a mark of the discipline’s (sometimes questionable) rationality. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Observed & experiential integration (OEI): Discovery and development of a new set of trauma therapy techniques.

Psychotherapy integration leaders have recently asserted that the future of psychotherapy will involve incorporation of neuroscience. In the past 18 years, techniques have been discovered and developed to treat trauma and dissociation at all three neurobiological levels of Porges' (2001, 2007) polyvagal theory. This approach is known as Observed & Experiential Integration (OEI). The originator incorporated elements of Focusing, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and Educational Kinesiology. OEI theory emerged from experiential psychotherapy, and relational psychoanalytic and behavioral concepts were assimilated during 45,000 hours of psychotherapy. Five sets of OEI techniques are used for titration of affective and somatic intensity, reduction of negative transference, and deepening of social connection. OEI involves neuro-activation & microattunement (NAMA). It has been applied with body therapies and neurotherapy and used with children, couples, and families. OEI has also been applied to addictive and self-destructive urges, panic attacks, and eating disorders. Case examples illustrate applications of this treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Contractor Performance Prediction Model for the United Kingdom Construction Contractor: Study of Logistic Regression Approach

An accurate prediction of contractor potential is of vital importance during contractor selection and evaluation process. Such prediction enables identification and classification of contractor performance to ease the selection process. This paper outlines the use of clients' tender evaluation preferences for predicting a contractor performance via a logistic regression (LR) approach. A total of 31 clients’ tender evaluation criteria were selected to develop a LR model for predicting contractor performance. The proposed model was developed based on 48 of United Kingdom public and private construction projects and validated in 20 independent cases. It was found that 75% of the cases correctly and the model statistically accurate for contractor performance prediction, where the input variables consist of nominal and interval data. The paper summarized techniques and advantages of LR analysis and discussed literature findings of contractor selection and evaluation methodologies undertaken by construction researchers and commentators from the United Kingdom and Northern America.     

Design Error Classification, Causation, and Prevention in Construction Engineering

Construction and engineering practitioners have found it increasingly difficult to learn from their mistakes, particularly with regard to the prevention, identification and/or containment of design errors. Yet, design errors have been the root cause of numerous catastrophic accidents that have resulted in the death and injury of workers and members of the public. This paper examines and classifies the nature of error and design error causation in construction and engineering projects. A review of the normative literature revealed that design errors are caused by an array of factors that can work interdependently. A generic framework is developed that classifies design error according to people, the organization, and project is presented. The paper suggests that people, over and above organizational and project management strategies, have the greatest propensity to reduce errors through the process of situated learning and knowing. This is because the working environment provided by an organization and the processes used to deliver construction and engineering projects influence the nature and ability of people to undertake tasks. Consequently, there is no single but rather a multitude of strategies that need to be adopted in congruence to reduce design errors so that safety and project performance are ameliorated.     

Comparison of Arsenate, Lead, and Cadmium Adsorption onto Aged Biofilter Media

Many biological water treatment plants for removal of iron and manganese from groundwater are in place for quite a long time, and thus their filters are aged—naturally coated with metal oxides and associated biomass. The particular reactivity and high adsorption capacity of these biogenic surface coatings make them potentially applicable for cost effective removal of arsenic and other heavy metals from contaminated water. However, the nature of interaction between various toxic elements and the composite materials in biological filters is not well understood. This study combines macroadsorption experiments with electron probe analysis to evaluate the adsorption properties of the biogenic surface coatings of an aged biofilter medium (BFM) for cationic lead and cadmium as well as arsenate anion. Results of batch adsorption showed that BFM has higher adsorption capacity for lead and cadmium as compared to arsenate anion. At pH 5.5, the maximum adsorption capacities of the medium for As(V), Pb(II), and Cd(II) were 17.03-, 80.77-, and 179.05-mg/g surface coatings, respectively. However, the column performance of BFM for Cd(II) was rather low. In particular, the breakthrough adsorption capacities (qb) of the BFM for As(V), Pb(II), and Cd(II) were 0.247-, 31.168-, and 4.084-mg/g surface coatings, respectively. These values represent about 1.5, 38.6, and 2.3% of the respective theoretical maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) of BFM for these metals. Data from the X-ray electron probe analysis corroborated well with that of the macroadsorption experiments. Results of this study strongly suggest that the Mn/Fe ratio and the presence of preadsorbed competing ions were two of the principal characteristics of the BFM, governing its affinity and adsorption capacity for different toxic metals.     

Management of Fluid Mud in Estuaries, Bays, and Lakes. II: Measurement, Modeling, and Management

Techniques for measurement, modeling, and management of fluid mud are available, but research is needed to improve them. Fluid mud can be difficult to detect, measure, or sample, which has led to new instruments and new ways of using existing instruments. Multifrequency acoustic fathometers sense neither density nor viscosity and are, therefore, unreliable in measuring fluid mud. Nuclear density probes, towed sleds, seismic, and drop probes equipped with density meters offer the potential for accurate measurements. Numerical modeling of fluid mud requires solving governing equations for flow velocity, density, pressure, salinity, water surface, plus sediment submodels. A number of such models exist in one-, two-, and three-dimensional form, but they rely on empirical relationships that require substantial site-specific validation to observations. Management of fluid mud techniques can be classified as those that accomplish: Source control, formation control, and removal. Nautical depth, a fourth category, defines the channel bottom as a specific fluid mud density or alternative parameter as safe for navigation. Source control includes watershed management measures to keep fine sediment out of waterways and in-water measures such as structures and traps. Formation control methods include streamlined channels and structures plus other measures to reduce flocculation and structures that train currents. Removal methods include the traditional dredging and transport of dredged material plus agitation that contributes to formation control and/or nautical depth. Conditioning of fluid mud by dredging and aerating offers the possibility of improved navigability. Two examples—the Atchafalaya Bar Channel and Savannah Harbor—illustrate the use of measurements and management of fluid mud.     

"Clinical child psychology: A practice specialty serving children, adolescents, and their families": Correction to Jackson et al (2010).

Reports an error in "Clinical child psychology: A practice specialty serving children, adolescents, and their families" by Yo Jackson, Fred L. Alberts Jr. and Michael C. Roberts (Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 2010[Feb], Vol 41[1], 75-81). The following sentence on page 79 is incorrect: “As evidence of the growing recognition of board certification, many institutions providing services to children, adolescents, and families are requiring their psychologists to become certified by ABPP (e.g., Mayo Clinic) and some insurance companies now mandate this for their panels (e.g., Group Health in Seattle).” In fact Group Health in Seattle does not mandate ABPP certification for psychologists. The sentence should not contain the example in the second set of parentheses. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2010-02467-010.) Clinical child psychology is a growing and vibrant field of practice and research within professional psychology. The purpose of this article is to contribute to the recent series of articles on specialties in Professional Psychology Research and Practice and delineate the development, design, and purpose of clinical child psychology. The article describes the current trends in the specialty and the challenges clinical child psychologists face in tending to the mental health needs of youth and their families. The need for the specialty and the definition of the scope of the work of clinical child psychologists is described. The parameters of training are also discussed, with a focus on the distinctiveness of the role of the clinical child psychologist. Outlined are applications of the work with children, adolescents, and their families including types of professional practice and collaborations with other professionals. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)