导电聚苯胺/钡铁氧体复合材料性能研究

对采用柠檬酸溶胶–凝胶法和共沉淀法两种方法制备的钡铁氧体粒子进行了对比,采用原位聚合的方法合成了聚苯胺/钡铁氧体复合材料。用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、四探针测试仪、振动样品磁强计对产物的结构和性能进行了表征和测试。实验结果显示,柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法所制得的产物主要为钡铁氧体,纯度较高。钡铁氧体结构主要为M型六角晶系片状结构,平均粒径在20~60μm。电磁测试结果显示,钡铁氧体的比饱和磁化强度与矫顽力均随焙烧时间的延长呈上升趋势,随着时间从3 h延长到5 h,比饱和磁化强度从36.9 emu/g增加到44.9 emu/g,矫顽力也从5 198.0 Oe增加到5 339.1 Oe;聚苯胺/钡铁氧体复合材料的电阻率随钡铁氧体含量的增加呈上升趋势。     

共沉淀法制备钡铁氧体

为了改善传统工艺呈胶状的共沉淀物难以过滤、清洗、干燥的不足,利用Fe3O4的磁性,改进了共沉淀法制备钡铁氧体前驱粉的工艺,节省了时间和成本,并且降低了高温固相反应温度;同时研究了高温固相反应中助熔剂对钡铁氧体粒子粒径、形貌及磁性能的影响,初步确定了助熔剂NaCl的添加量.     

Ti-Mn-Cu替代的M-型钡铁氧体的制备和表征

为了改善钡铁氧体的性能,利用共沉淀-熔盐法制备了Ti、Mn、Cu掺杂的M型钡铁氧体,借助各种分析手段对样品进行了表征.结果表明:制备的样品呈现平面六角形结构,粒径在50mm左右.助熔剂对样品粒径的影响很小,对样品形貌的影响很大.得到这样的结论:经由共沉淀一熔盐法制备的Ti、Mn、Cu掺杂的M型钡铁氧体在助熔剂与前驱体比为(质量比)0.75∶1时获得规则的六角形并具有最佳的磁性能:σS(26.58e.m.u/g),Hc(3580 Oe),σr(15.18e.m.u/g).     

离子掺杂钡铁氧体的研究进展

钡铁氧体有着良好的吸波性能,本文介绍了离子掺杂钡铁氧体的制备方法及其研究进展,特别是Ti4+/M2+离子掺杂、Sn4+/M2+离子掺杂、Co3+/Co2+离子掺杂、稀土掺杂钡铁氧体的研究现状,论述了离子掺杂钡铁氧体的几种典型的表征方法,并介绍了离子掺杂钡铁氧体的应用情况.     

聚苯胺/钡铁氧体的制备及性能研究

分别采用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法和原位聚合法制备了钡铁氧体粒子和聚苯胺-钡铁氧体复合物。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、四探针测试仪等分析手段表征了复合材料的结构,观察了其形貌,测试了其性能。结果表明,钡铁氧体粒子为M型六角晶系片状晶相结构,粒径在10μm～50μm。聚苯胺/钡铁氧体复合材料的电导率随钡铁氧体含量的增加而下降,当BaFe12O19质量分数增加到10%时,电导率从8.85×10-2S/cm急剧下降到2.98×10-2S/cm。而后,随着钡铁氧体含量的增加,电导率变化不大。     

钡铁氧体粉体及其复合电纺纤维的制备

通过化学共沉淀法制备了磁铅石型钡铁氧体粉体,采用激光粒度仪、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X-射线衍射仪（XRD）等对其进行表征测试,并采用微波网络分析仪对该粉体的吸波性能进行了初步研究。分别将化学共沉淀法制备的钡铁氧体粉体以及粒径为纳米级的钡铁氧体粉体与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）共混后静电纺丝,通过调节钡铁氧体粉体的加入方式及其分散状态等条件,探索最佳纺丝状态,制备出了负载钡铁氧体粒子的电纺纤维毡,采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观测了纤维形貌。     

钡铁氧体垂直磁化薄膜的磁光特性研究

本文研究了钡铁氧体垂直磁化膜在垂直磁记录及磁光记录方面应用的基本磁及磁光特性。利用射频磁控溅射方法，采用正份及非正份陶瓷靶制备了钡铁氧体薄膜，在纯氧气氛下经不同退火温度晶化，制成钡铁氧体垂直磁化膜。在优化的溅射参数及最佳的退火工艺下，得到了性能良好的钡铁氧体垂直磁化膜。研究了薄膜的磁光记录应用特性，并讨论了溅射工艺参数及退火工艺对薄膜性能的影响     

纳米钡铁氧体制备新进展

阐述了国内外纳米钡铁氧体制备技术的研究进展。纳米钡铁氧体在磁性和吸波性能等方面都展现了优异的特性,具有广阔的应用前景。近年来出现了很多纳米钡铁氧体制备新工艺,溶胶-凝胶法因其在控制产品的成分及均匀性方面具有独特的优越性而成为纳米钡铁氧体粉体和薄膜的主要制备方法,但有些新工艺的机理还需深入研究。分析表明纳米钡铁氧体的制备还需进一步完善,并提出纳米钡铁氧体与导电聚合物的复合、纳米钡铁氧体的掺杂及掺杂后与导电聚合物的复合是纳米钡铁氧体制备的研究方向。     

聚吡咯包覆钛酸钡和稀土掺杂钡铁氧体的制备与表征

采用原位合成法制备聚吡咯包覆钛酸钡,考察其形貌和粒径及包覆不同比例钛酸钡对其吸波性能的影响。用溶胶凝胶法合成稀土掺杂的钡铁氧体,考察掺杂不同稀土元素对形貌、粒径、晶相和吸波性能的影响。研究表明,聚吡咯包覆钛酸钡为球形,分散均匀;钛酸钡复合材料的吸波性能随着钛酸钡质量比的增加而增强,当质量比为1∶6时,最大吸收峰值为6.9dB。稀土掺杂的钡铁氧体均为M型铁氧体,物相单一;掺杂不同的稀土金属,吸波性能优于纯钡铁氧体,当掺杂镧时,吸波性能最好,最大吸收峰值为4.5dB。     

离子替代M型Ba铁氧体的最新研究进展

六角晶系M型钡铁氧体(BaO·6Fe2O3)是一种应用范围十分广泛的磁性材料.采用离子替代的方法,可以根据不同的应用需要对其各种性能作调整,如今仍然是磁性材料研究的热门之一.本文综述了近年来国内外一元、二元和三元离子替代M型钡铁氧体所取得的研究成果,并指出了离子替代M型钡铁氧体的下一步研究重点.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。