边缘学习:关键技术、应用与挑战

近年来,随着移动通信和人工智能技术的迅猛发展,大量智能终端已经联网并催生出海量数据。为了高效利用网络中的通信和计算资源并进一步释放人工智能的潜力,将传统基于专用数据中心的人工智能下沉到靠近用户终端的网络边缘已成为一种技术趋势。面向这种技术发展趋势,边缘学习被认为是一种具有广泛应用前景的人工智能实施方案。但是,目前对边缘学习的研究和应用仍处于起步阶段。为了促进技术发展,对边缘学习的关键技术、典型应用以及面临的机遇和挑战进行全面分析。首先,回顾边缘学习的发展背景,并分析其在传输时延、安全与隐私、扩展性和通信开销等方面相对于传统云学习的优势;其次,详细讨论实现边缘学习的3项关键技术:①分布式模型训练,包括聚合频率、梯度压缩、点对点通信和区块链技术;②面向边缘学习的高效无线通信技术,包括空中计算、通信资源分配和信号编码;③边缘学习卸载技术,包括计算和模型卸载技术。然后,分别以一种高可靠低时延车联网通信和一种基于计算与通信联合设计的智能图像分类系统为例,阐述上述关键技术在实际系统中的重要作用。最后,从通信与计算的联合优化、数据安全与隐私保护以及系统的开发与部署等3个方面讨论边缘学习面临的发展机遇...     

云计算概念、模型和关键技术

云计算指IP技术架构下的网络计算,其本质是ICT业务的一种新的应用方式。绝大数企业和运营商的数据中心的改造将是云计算未来发展的主要任务：使云计算技术更为普遍和更为广泛地为绝大部分企业、机构、团体和运营商服务。云计算技术将不仅提供传统意义的IT资源和应用服务,而且将支持包括IT、通信、电视、移动和物联等一切互联网技术融合后的资源使用和业务应用。云计算发展的关键技术主要有统一交换构架、统一虚拟化和统一计算系统,云计算发展的战略推手将是组建开放产业联盟和推动开放技术标准。     

Cloud Computing: Concept, Model, and Key Technologies

Cloud computing is a new network computing paradigm based on IP architecture, and its potential lies in new ICT business applications. For the majority of operators and enterprises, the main task associated with cloud computing is next generation data center transformation. This will ensure cloud computing becomes more widespread among enterprises, institutions, organizations, and operators. Cloud computing not only provides traditional IT resource usage and application services, but also supports full resource usage and application services such as IT, communications, video, mobile, and Internet of Things using a converged network infrastructure. Key cloud computing technologies include unified fabric, unified virtualization, and unified computing system. The formation of an open industry alliance and promotion of open technology standards will be critical for the future development of cloud computing.     

Video Adaptation: Concepts, Technologies, and Open Issues

Video adaptation is an emerging field that offers a rich body of techniques for answering challenging questions in pervasive media applications. It transforms the input video(s) to an output in video or augmented multimedia form by utilizing manipulations at multiple levels (signal, structural, or semantic) in order to meet diverse resource constraints and user preferences while optimizing the overall utility of the video. There has been a vast amount of activity in research and standard development in this area. This paper first presents a general framework that defines the fundamental entities, important concepts (i.e., adaptation, resource, and utility), and formulation of video adaptation as constrained optimization problems. A taxonomy is used to classify different types of adaptation techniques. The state of the art in several active research areas is reviewed with open challenging issues identified. Finally, support of video adaptation from related international standards is discussed.     

融合架构云数据中心:概念、技术与实践

大数据、物联网、人工智能等应用的不断发展和快速变化对云数据中心计算、存储和网络资源提出更大需求,现有架构无法支撑数据中心规模的持续增长。文章提出融合架构云数据中心的核心概念,从硬件重构+软件定义两个层面定义融合架构的三个发展阶段,并阐述和分析其中的关键技术。云数据中心基础设施的研发和应用实践表明,融合架构能够真正地促进数据中心的开放融合、安全高效、智能绿色和灵动成长,最终实现"数据中心即是计算机"的愿景。     

5G: Vision,Scenarios and Enabling Technologies

This paper presents the authors’ vision for 5G wireless systems, which are expected to be standardized around 2020(IMT-2020).In the future, ubiquitous service will be the key requirement from an end-user’s prospective, and 5G networks will need to support a vast mesh of human-to-human, human-to-machine, and machine-to-machine connections. Moreover, 5G will need to support these connections in an energy-efficient manner. Various 5G enabling technologies have been extensively discussed. These technologies aim to increase radio link efficiency, expand operating bandwidths, and increase cell density. With these technologies,5G systems can accommodate a massive volume of traffic and a massive number of connections, which is fundamental to providing ubiquitous services. Another aspect of 5G technology is the transition to an intelligent cloud that coordinates network access and enables flatter architecture.     

网络安全——问题、技术与产业发展

信息技术的飞速发展、网络技术的全面应用将世界带入了一个全新的时代。人们在享受网络科技带来的方便和快捷的同时,也更加关注信息的安全。信息安全已经成为国家有关部门和用户关注的焦点之一,成为与国家、政     

InP Bipolar ICs: Scaling Roadmaps, Frequency Limits, Manufacturable Technologies

Indium phosphide heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) find applications in very wide-band digital and mixed-signal integrated circuits (ICs). Devices fabricated in high-yield process flows at 500 nm feature size obtain 450 GHz cutoff frequencies and 5 V breakdown and enable high yield fabrication of integrated circuits having more than 3000 transistors. Laboratory devices at 250 nm feature size obtain 755 GHz . We describe device and circuit bandwidth limits associated with HBTs, develop scaling roadmaps for HBTs having lithographic minimum feature sizes between 512 and 64 nm, and identify key technological challenges in realizing 480-GHz digital ICs and 1000-GHz amplifiers. Key features of manufacturable self-aligned dielectric sidewall processes are described in detail.     

IDF Spring 2004特别报导

2004年春季英特尔开发者论坛(Intel Developer Forum,IDF)台北及北京场,以Converging Technologies,Growing Opportunities为主题,针对各种新兴技术的整合进行讨论.由于目前整个电子产业中最为热门的焦点在于各种无线通讯技术、Digital Home概念、行动/手持式装置,因此Intel在IDF上所发表的各种新概念或技术规格的upgrade,几乎都不脱这几个热门领域,例如Florence Digital Home概念型行动PC、Sonoma平台、Wi-Fi、WiMAX等等.     

FMC:基本概念、流行技术与发展策略

阐述了FMC的驱动因素和基本概念,深入剖析了当前多种FMC实施技术．介绍了这些技术的演进和彼此关东,并结合技术标准和现网应用情况,指出发展FMC应该考虑的主要问题。     

Emerging Technologies of Flexible Pressure Sensors: Materials,Modeling, Devices,and Manufacturing

As an important branch of wearable electronics, flexible pressure sensors have attracted extensive research owing to their wide range of applications, such as human–machine interfaces and health monitoring. To fulfill the requirements for different applications, new material design and device fabrication strategies have been developed in order to manipulate the mechanical and electrical properties and enhance device performance. In this paper, the important progresses in flexible pressure sensor development over recent years are selectively reviewed from a material and application perspective. First, an overview of the fundamental working mechanism and the systematic design approach is presented. Particularly, how the theoretical modeling has been used as an auxiliary tool to achieve better sensing performance is discussed. A number of applications, including human–machine interfaces, electronic skin and health monitoring, and certain application‐driven functions, e.g., pressure distribution visualization and direction‐sensitive force detection, are highlighted. Lastly, various advanced manufacturing methods used for realizing large‐scale fabrication are introduced.     

基于决策树学习的校园网反垃圾邮件系统设计与实现

在本文所设计的系统中,通过用户反馈获得学习样本,经决策树学习不断动态更新规则,形成有效的反馈环路,从提高识别率和降低误判率两个方面改善反垃圾邮件系统性能.     

Special Section on Green Technologies: Energy-Efficient Circuits,Systems, and Devices

<正>Green technologies refer to environmentally sustainable approaches to our daily lifestyle, industry, computing, IT, and literally everything. As the enabling technology, the electronics, including circuits, systems, and devices, are the key areas of research interests in green technologies. To be green means lower power and higher energy efficiency in the user’s side and better management of energy sources in the provider’s side. In the recent several