具有分级结构的二氧化钛薄膜材料及其制备方法

本发明属于二氧化钛薄膜材料领域,特别涉及具有分级结构的二氧化钛薄膜材料及其制备方法。本发明结合静电纺丝与水热合成制备技术,获得了分级结构的二氧化钛薄膜材料,其是由直径为2～6μm的二氧化钛纤维相互交织构成的厚度为20—100μm的二氧化钛薄膜,其中二氧化钛纤维是由以锐钛矿型的二氧化钛线为中心和有序生长在二氧化钛线上的金红石型二氧化钛纳米棒组成,     

非金属矿物负载纳米二氧化钛研究进展

二氧化钛在解决环境污染问题方面有着广阔的应用前景。将二氧化钛负载固定于非金属矿物载体之上,能够更好地提高二氧化钛的催化和应用性能。简单介绍了二氧化钛的催化机理,综述了非金属矿物材料负载二氧化钛的研究进展,并就未来的发展趋势进行了展望。     

天然矿物负载纳米二氧化钛复合材料的制备与表征

采用水解沉淀法制备了白炭黑、硅藻土和蛋白土负载纳米二氧化钛复合材料。通过SEM和XRD等手段对复合材料分别进行了表征,并用罗丹明B溶液的光催化脱色率来评价复合材料的光催化性能。结果表明,在复合材料表面负载了大量的二氧化钛且主要以锐钛型为主,白炭黑、硅藻土、蛋白土复合材料表面负载的二氧化钛的平均粒径分别为14.6、25.7、22.9 nm。二氧化钛/白炭黑、二氧化钛/硅藻土、二氧化钛/蛋白土3种复合材料的最佳制备条件分别为：700 ℃煅烧2 h,二氧化钛负载量为30%;700 ℃煅烧2 h,二氧化钛负载量为20%;600 ℃煅烧2 h,二氧化钛负载量为20%。3种复合材料对罗丹明B溶液15 min的降解率分别达到98.6%、97.4%和87.7%。     

一种石墨烯/二氧化钛光催化剂制备方法

正本发明公开了一种石墨烯/二氧化钛光催化剂的制备方法。该石墨烯/二氧化钛纳米复合材料由单层石墨烯和纳米二氧化钛颗粒组成,所述纳米二氧化钛颗粒分散在石墨烯表面,所述二氧化钛颗粒为锐钛矿型晶体。用本发明制备的催     

2010年度用于涂料油墨及相关产品的有机颜料（续）

一、文献部分 结合二氧化钛纳米管和纳米粒子来增强染料敏化的太阳电池之功效Li X D＆ Others Mat．Chem．Phys．Vol124,No1,179—83（2010）由工业用二氧化钛粉末经碱性水热转换制造成二氧化钛纳米管。用不同重量比的二氧化钛纳米管和专用的二氧化钛纳米粒子所制成的二氧化钛膜而构成了染料敏化的太阳电池。按该电池的电化学阻抗光谱和光伏特性在照明下和在暗处二方面评估了     

不同粒径二氧化钛对顺丁橡胶/二氧化钛复合材料性能的影响

分别采用7 种不同粒径的二氧化钛制备了顺丁橡胶/二氧化钛复合材料,通过核磁共振交联密度仪、橡胶加工分析仪等研究了二氧化钛的粒径对其硫化特性、交联密度、物理机械性能和动态力学性能的影响。结果表明,在顺丁橡胶中填充纳米级二氧化钛后,复合材料的正硫化时间比填充微米级二氧化钛者明显延长,且前者的拉伸强度可达到纯顺丁橡胶的6 倍; 当二氧化钛的粒径为20 nm 和50 nm时,顺丁橡胶/二氧化钛复合材料的损耗因子、储能模量和损耗模量要远大于填充微米级填料者,且呈现出明显的Payne 效应。     

氮掺杂二氧化钛光催化剂的研究进展

纯纳米二氧化钛禁带较宽,只能在紫外光下激发。拓宽二氧化钛的光谱响应范围,实现可见光激发,是二氧化钛基光催化材料面临的主要问题。氮掺杂二氧化钛具有良好的可见光催化活性,是具有可见光响应的二氧化钛基光催化材料的典型代表,近十年来受到了广泛关注。本文综述氮掺杂二氧化钛可见光响应机理和提高光催化活性方面的研究进展,提出今后值得关注与研究的方向。     

二氧化钛发光与光催化性能关系的研究

采用水热法,通过添加不同的表面活性剂,制备了3种不同形貌的二氧化钛。使用光致发光光谱仪考察了2%铕掺杂的不同形貌二氧化钛（铕与二氧化钛物质的量比为2%）的发光性能。同时,以甲基橙为目标污染物,考察了3种形貌二氧化钛的光催化性能。结果表明：二氧化钛（铕与二氧化钛物质的量比为2%）的发光性能由强到弱的顺序为花状球、纳米棒、核壳球,而二氧化钛的光催化性能由强到弱的顺序正好相反。这说明二氧化钛的形貌能够明显地影响其性能,发光和催化性能的不同取决于半导体光生电子和空穴的重组和分离效率。     

锐钛型颜料级水合二氧化钛的酸洗

一、引言在硫酸法生产二氧化钛工艺中,要使二氧化钛颜料具有高白色度和光泽度,除控制钛液的水解条件以获得一定组成和粒度的水合二氧化钛外,尽量除去水合二氧化钛所吸附的杂质就显得十分重要。国外钛白厂家,通常将水合二氧化钛经真空叶滤机和真空鼓     

二氧化钛薄膜的制备及性能研究

二氧化钛具有无毒、光催化性能强,热稳定和化学结构稳定,耐腐蚀性能良好等特点,可作为半导体催化材料和耐腐蚀材料。二氧化钛薄膜可以采用物理的方法和化学的方法制备,薄膜态材料在未来将有着潜在的应用。本文结合近年来二氧化钛薄膜的研究进展,介绍了二氧化钛薄膜的制备方法和应用领域,并对未来二氧化钛薄膜的研究进行了展望。     

Effect of palladium and nickel on the temperature programmed reduction of metal oxides and metal oxide layers

A new binary oxide support was suggested as being useful in many commercial reactions. Our study was focused on the reduction effect of metal oxide layer on alumina during reaction. Hence temperature programmed reduction of both bulk metal oxide and metal oxide layer on alumina was studied first and the effect of palladium and nickel on the reduction of the oxide support was also investigated. Vanadium oxide was mainly studied and niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, titanium oxide and zirconium oxide were also compared. Some metal oxides were reduced in a hydrogen stream at elevated temperature. In these cases both the bulk metal oxide and metal oxide layer were reduced. A tiny amount of palladium or nickel affected the reduction by decreasing the reduction temperature. The decrease of the reduction temperature was explained by means of increased adsorption of hydrogen on the transition metal and ability of the metal to spillover of the hydrogen to the oxides.     

纳米氧化锌母炼胶对NR性能的影响

将纳米氧化锌制成纳米氧化锌母炼胶，研究纳米氧化锌母炼胶对NR硫化胶物理性能的影响及纳米氧化锌的减量机理。试验结果表明，与加5份普通氧化锌相比，加2份纳米氧化锌母炼胶，硫化胶的拉伸强度提高，其它物理性能相近。透射电镜分析表明，纳米氧化锌母炼胶在NR胶料中不存在团聚现象，其分散性优于普通氧化锌和纳米氧化锌。在热力学理论分析基础上提出了纳米氧化锌在橡胶硫化过程中的作用机理。为纳米氧化锌减量60％替代普通氧化锌提供了理论依据。     

Hydrothermal synthesis of silicon oxide clad uranium oxide nanowires

A facile method to synthesize silicon oxide clad uranium oxide nanowires is presented. U₃Si₂, used as a precursor, was oxidized to produce uranium oxide nanocrystallites and amorphous silicon oxide under hydrothermal conditions at 300°C and a pressure of 7.8 × 10⁶ Pa. The growth of uranium oxide nanowires was assisted by silicon oxide via assembling the uranium oxide nanocrystallites in an amorphous silicon oxide matrix. The microstructure and composition of silicon oxide clad uranium oxide nanowires were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, and EDS. The uranium oxide in the nanowires was determined as UO_2.34 with a fluoride cubic structure.     

KFS2型复合氧化铁脱硫剂的制备与性能评价

以硫酸亚铁为原料与碳酸氢氨等碱性物质反应,制备不溶性铁的氧化物,将其与活性氧化锌和特殊助剂混合,经混碾和挤条成型工艺制得以氧化铁、氧化锌为活性组分的KFS2型复合氧化铁脱硫剂,并与某常温氧化锌脱硫剂进行性能比较。结果表明,在相同评价条件下,KFS2型复合氧化铁脱硫剂性能明显优于对比剂。     

Recent topics of research and development of catalysis by niobium and tantalum oxides

Current topics of catalysts containing niobium and tantalum, especially in the field of solid acid catalysis and selective oxidation of hydrocarbons are reviewed. Hydrated niobium oxide and hydrated tantalum oxide are highly acidic. Hydrated niobium oxide is active for the hydration of ethene to ethanol, and Nb–W mixed metal oxide is more active for the reaction. Acid properties of tantalum oxide are changed by being supported on SiO₂. Ta oxide/SiO₂, prepared by the chemical reaction between tantalum alkoxide and surface hydroxyl groups of SiO₂, is active and selective for the gas phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanoneoxime to caprolactam. Niobium oxide and tantalum oxide easily react with many other oxides to form mixed metal oxide phases with complex structure. Mixed metal oxide catalysts, containing molybdenum, vanadium, certain elements together with niobium are active for the selective oxidation of hydrocarbons. Especially, the selective oxidation of propane by such mixed metal oxide catalysts has been paid attention. Additionally, recent progress of environmental catalysts, promoted by niobium and tantalum compounds, namely catalysts for the pollution abatement is reviewed.     

Surface characteristics and adhesion performance of black oxide coated copper substrates with epoxy resins

Black oxide is a conversion coating applied onto the copper substrate to improve its interfacial adhesion with polymeric adhesives. A comprehensive study is made to characterize the black oxide coating using various characterization techniques, including SEM, XPS, AFM, XRD, Auger electron spectroscopy, TEM, D-SIMS, RBS and contact angle measurements. It was found that the oxide coating consisted of cupric and cuprous oxide layers from the top surface to inside. The cuprous oxide layer was formed on the copper crystal surface, on which densely-packed fibrillar cupric oxide grew continuously until saturation. The cupric oxide had a fibrillar structure with high roughness at the nanoscopic scale, whereas the cuprous oxide was rather flat and granular. There was a continuous change in oxide composition with no distinct boundary between the two oxide layers. The bond strength between the epoxy resin and the oxide coated copper substrate increased rapidly at a low level of oxide thickness, and became saturated at thicknesses greater than about 800 nm. There were similar dependences of bond strength on surface roughness, oxide thickness especially of cupric oxide and surface energy, reflecting the importance of these surface characteristics in controlling the interfacial adhesion.     

微波技术在制备超细氧化物中的应用

本实验以硝酸盐为原料,采用微波加热技术制备超细氧化物,并使用溶液吸附法分别测定微波法与水浴法制备的超细氧化物的比表面积。结果表明：利用微波加热技术制备的超细氧化物所需反应溶液的浓度低、所用的反应时间短、比表面积大。     

Reactivity of Metal Oxide Sorbents for Removal of Sulfur Compounds from Coal Gases at High Temperature and Pressure

Abstract

Hot-gas desulfurization for the integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) process has been investigated to effectively remove hydrogen sulfide with various metal oxide sorbents at high temperatures and pressures. Metal oxide sorbents such as zinc titanate oxide, zinc ferrite oxide, copper oxide, manganese oxide, and calcium oxide were found to be promising sorbents in comparison with other removal methods such as membrane separation and reactive membrane separation. The removal reaction of H₂S from coal gas mixtures with zinc titanate oxide sorbents was conducted in a batch reactor. The main objectives of this research are to formulate promising metal oxide sorbents for removal of hydrogen sulfide from coal gas mixtures, to compare reactivity of a formulated sorbent with a sorbent supplied by the Research Triangle Institute at high temperatures and pressures, and to determine effects of concentrations of moisture contained in coal gas mixtures, and to determine effects of concentrations of moisture contained in coal gas mixtures on equilibrium absorption of H₂S into metal oxide sorbents. Promising durable metal oxide sorbents with high-sulfur-absorbing capacity were formulated by mixing active metal oxide powders with inert metal oxide powders and calcining these powder mixtures.     

X-荧光光谱仪压片法测定无碱玻璃化学成分的研究

阐述了无碱玻璃加入粘结剂经混合研磨后,将试样压片成型在X-荧光光谱仪上测定Si、B、Al、Ca、Mg、K、Na、Fe、Ti、F十个化学成分;对试验条件中研磨时间及稀释比的选择进行了讨论,通过对X-荧光光谱仪压片法测定无碱玻璃化学成分的精密度、准确度试验,发现该方法在玻璃纤维池窑作业生产控制中可行。     

Electrochemical study of gold electrodes with anodic oxide films—I. Formation and reduction behaviour of anodic oxides on gold

Up to three types of oxide are formed during anodic polarization of gold. The first formed oxides (oxides I and II, surface oxides, inner oxides) can be selectively electrochemically reduced and reformed in the presence of the last formed oxide (oxide III, bulk oxide, outer oxide). It is shown that a second type of oxide (oxide II) is not formed before oxide I reaches a thickness of two monolayers, ie 1.5 mC cm^?2 oxide charge. This critical limit is independent of pH, electrolyte, ionic strength, buffer, buffer capacity or surface roughness. A severe influence of insufficient buffer capacity in potentiodynamic surface oxide formation and reduction is experimentally shown, discussed and explained. It is suggested that the onset of oxide II formation can be used for surface roughness determinations.