低温向上倾斜管内Taylor泡初始形成位置分布的实验研究

An experimental study was carried out to understand the phenomena of the boiling flow of liquid nitrogen in inclined tubes with closed bottom by using the high speed digital camera. The tubes in the experiment are 0.018 m and 0.014 m in inner diameter and 1.0 m in length. The range of the inclination angles is 0-45° from the vertical. The statistical method is employed to analyze the experimental data. The experiment was focused on the effect of the inclination angle on the initial position distribution of Taylor bubbles. The formation criterion of Taylor bubbles was confirmed by analyzing the images of Taylor bubbles. The experimental results show that the initial position of Taylor bubble increased first, and then decreased with the increasing inclination angle, with the maximum at 30°. The standard deviation of the initial position of Taylor bubble in tubes was different with different inner diameters. The lognormal shape was fitted to the measured the initial position distributions of Taylor bubbles in the cryogenic tubes.     

陶瓷球填料生物滴滤塔降解甲苯废气

The Purification experiments of waste gas containing low concentration toluene were made in trickling biofilter with ceramic spheres. The effects of liquid flow rate,gas flow rate,pH of circulation liquid, and toluene concentration in inlet gas on the purification efficiency of trickling biofilter were investigated. The pressure drop of the trickling biofilter was also measured during experiments.Increasing liquid flow rate and gas flow rate resulted in the decrease of purification efficiency of trickling biofilter. The highest purification efficiency of trickling biofilter was found at the circulation liquid pH of 7. The porosity of the packing material at the inlet of gas was higher than that at the outlet of gas in biofilter after continuous operation in 50 days. The decrease in the porosity of packing material caused a great increase in the pressure drop of the biofilter.     

结构参数对吸热器热性能的影响

The heat receiver is a key part of Solar Dynamic Power System. The structural parameter affects the heat transfer of the heat receiver. The enthalpy method was used to calculate the three - dimensional phase change process of the heat exchange tube. The maximum canister temperature, average canister temperature , the receiver gas exit temperature and liquid PCM fraction in many kinds of length diameter ratio and aperture were calculated. The results showed that the output temperature of the gas from the working fluid tubes could meet the expected demand during the sunlight and eclipse period. The maximum temperature of the PCM container was within the safe range.     

Notes for Contributors

正The Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering is the official journal of The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China and published by the Chemical Industry Press. The aim of the journal is to develop the international exchange of scientific and technical information in the field of chemical engineering.     

Notes for Contributors

正The Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering is the official journal of The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China and published by the Chemical Industry Press.The aim of the journal is to develop the international exchange of scientific and technical information in the field of chemical engineering.     

Notes for Contributors

正The Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering is the official journal of The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China and published by the Chemical Industry Press. The aim of the journal is to develop the international exchange of scientific and technical information in the field of chemical engineering.     

Notes for Contributors

正The Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering is the official journal of The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China and published by the Chemical Industry Press.The aim of the journal is to develop the international exchange of scientific and technical information in the field of chemical engineering.     

Liquid–liquid equilibrium extraction of ethanol with mixed solvent for bioethanol concentration

The extraction of ethanol with the solvents of aldehydes mixed with m-xylene was studied for the bioethanol concentration process.Furfural and benzaldehyde were selected as extraction solvents,with which the solubility of water is small,expecting large distribution coefficient of ethanol.The liquid–liquid two-phase region was the largest with m-xylene solvent,followed by benzaldehyde and furfural.The region of two liquid–liquid phase became larger with the mixed solvent of m-xylene and furfural than that with furfural solvent.The NRTL model was applied to the ethanol–water–furfural–m-xylene system,and the model could well express the liquid–liquid equilibrium of the system.For any solvent used in this study,the separation selectivity of ethanol relative to water decreased as the distribution coefficient of ethanol increased.The separation selectivity with m-xylene was the largest among the employed solvents,but the distribution coefficient was the smallest.The solvent mixture of furfural and m-xylene showed relatively high distribution coefficient of ethanol and separation selectivity,even in the higher mass fraction of m-xylene in the solvent phase.The ethanol extraction with a countercurrent multistage extractor by a continuous operation was simulated to evaluate the extraction performance.The ethanol content could be concentrated in the extract phase with relatively small number of extraction stages but low yield of ethanol was obtained.     

炼厂生产计划优化模型

This article addresses a production planning optimization problem of overall refinery. The authors formulated the optimization problem as mixed integer linear programming. The model considers the main factors for optimizing the production plan of overall refinery related to the use of run-modes of processing units. The aim of this planning is to decide which run-mode to use in each processing unit in each period of a given horizon, to satisfy the demand, such as the total cost of production and inventory is minimized. The resulting model can be regarded as a generalized lot-sizing problem where a run-mode can produce and consume more than one product. The resulting optimization problem is large-sized and NP-hard. The authors have proposed a column generation-based algorithm called branch-and-price （BP） for solving the interested optimization problem. The model and implementation of the algorithm are described in detail in this article. The computational results verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and the solution method.     

在线最小二乘支持向量机及其在C8芳烃异构化建模中的应用

The least squares support vector regression (LS-SVR) is usually used for the modeling of single output system, but it is not well suitable for the actual multi-input-multi-output system. The paper aims at the modeling of multi-output systems by LS-SVR. The multi-output LS-SVR is derived in detail. To avoid the inversion of large matrix, the recursive algorithm of the parameters is given, which makes the online algorithm of LS-SVR practical. Since the computing time increases with the number of training samples, the sparseness is studied based on the projection of online LS-SVR. The residual of projection less than a threshold is omitted, so that a lot of samples are kept out of the training set and the sparseness is obtained. The standard LS-SVR, nonsparse online LS-SVR and sparse online LS-SVR with different threshold are used for modeling the isomerization of C8 aromatics. The root-mean-square-error (RMSE), number of support vectors and running time of three algorithms are compared and the result indicates that the performance of sparse online LS-SVR is more favorable.     

2004 Review of China''''s Pesticide Sector

In 2004 the main techno-economicindexes of the pesticide sector inChina were the best of recent years.The total output of pesticides was870000 tons,an increase of 12.6%over the previous year.The exportamount of pesticides was 392000tons,an increase of 43.1% and theexport value was US＄1.19 billion,anincrease of 62.5%.The industrial to-tal output value(present value)wasRMB47.32 billion,an increase of 25.4%.The sales revenue was RMB46.89 billion,an increase of 26.2%.Thetotal profit was RMB1.92 billion,anincrease of 109.6%.The total profitand tax was RMB2.82 billion,an in-crease of 63.4%.The economicfunctioning of the pesticide sectorin 2004 has the following features:     

Development and Application of Castables for Ladle Nozzle of Electric Arc Furnace

The castables for ladle nozzle were developed using brown corundum as the main raw material and the right amounts of complex additives. The influence of several additives on the properties such as strength and permanent linear change of the samples was studied. The results showed that applying complex additives improved the strength and the volume stability of the castables greatly. The campaign of the castables for ladle nozzle has increased from about 40 heats to 70 heats.     

Monte Carlo模拟对称型三嵌段共聚高分子的吸附

The adsorption behavior of symmetric triblock copolymers, Am/2BnAm/2, from a nonselective solvent at solid-liquid interface has been studied by Monte Carlo simulations on a simple lattice model. Either segment A or segment B is attractive, while the other is non-attractive to the surface. Influences of the adsorption energy,bulk concentration, chain composition and chain length on the microstructure of adsorbed layers are presented.The results show that the total surface coverage and the adsorption amount increases monotonically as the bulk concentration increases. The larger the adsorption energy and the higher the fraction of adsorbing segments, the higher the total surface coverage is exhibited. The product of surface coverage and the proportion of non-attractive segments are nearly independent of the chain length, and the logarithm of the adsorption amount is a linear function of the reciprocal of the reduced temperature. When the adsorption energy is larger, the adsorption amount exhibits a maximum as the fraction of adsorbing segment increases. The adsorption isotherms of copolymers with different length of non-attractive segments can be mapped onto a single curve under given adsorption energy. The adsorption layer thickness decreases as the adsorption energy and the fraction of adsorbing segments increases, but it increhses as the length of non-attractive segments increases. The tails mainly govern the adsorption layer thickness.     

Notes for Contributors

The Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering is the official journal of The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China and published by the Chemical Industry Press.The aim of the journal is to develop the international exchange of scientific and technical information in the field of chemical engineering.Submission of Papers All papers will be submitted on line.http://www.cjche     

Synthesis of Polyacrylate／Polysiloxane Copolymer and Its Damping Performance

The copolymer of polyacrylate/polysiloxane for vibration damping materials was synthesized through emulsion polymerization. The effects of the amount of methyl methaerylate (MMA),polysiloxane containing vinyl, initiator and emulsifier on the conversion, stability of polyacrylate/polysiloxane emulsion were discussed when the emulsion was prepared by pre-emulsifying half continuous method. The graft copolymer has good vibration damping performance. The widest glass transition region of the copolymer spans 100℃, and the highest value of tan8 reached 2.0. The glass transition of the samples was examined by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The vibration damping performance of the graft copolymer was affected by the amount of poly-vinyl dimethylsiloxane (PVMS).     

Notes for Contributors

正The Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering is the official journal of The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China and published by the Chemical Industry Press Co., Ltd. The aim of the journal is to develop the international exchange of scientific and technical information in the field of chemical engineering.     

Notes for Contributors

正The Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering is the official journal of The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China and published by the Chemical Industry Press Co., Ltd. The aim of the journal is to develop the international exchange of scientific and technical information in the field of chemical engineering.     

Notes for Contributors

正The Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering is the official journal of The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China and published by the Chemical Industry Press.The aim of the journal is to develop the international exchange of scientific and technical information in the field of chemical engineering.Submission of Paper.All papers will be submitted on line.http://www.cjche.com.cn     

Molar volume of eutectic solvents as a function of molar composition and temperature☆

The conventional Rackett model for predicting liquid molar volume has been modified to cater for the effect of molar composition of the Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES). The experimental molar volume data for a group of commonly used DES has been used for optimizing the improved model. The data involved different molar compositions of each DES. The validation of the new model was performed on another set of DESs. The average relative deviation of the model on the training and validation datasets was approximately 0.1%while the Rackett model gave a relative deviation of more than 1.6%. The modified model deals with variations in DES molar com-position and temperature in a more consistent way than the original Rackett model which exhibits monotonic performance degradation as temperature moves away from reference conditions. Having the composition of the DES as a model variable enhances the practical utilization of the predicting model in diverse design and process simulation applications.     

Notes for Contributors

<正>The Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering is the official journal of The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China and published by the Chemical Industry Press.The aim of the journal is to develop the international exchange of scientific and technical information in the field of chemical engineering.