(Mg1–xCax)2Al4Si5O18陶瓷的相演变与微波介电性能

采用固相烧结反应法制备(Mg1–x,Cax)2Al4Si5O18陶瓷。XRD测试结果表明:0≤x<0.2时,陶瓷以(Mg,Ca)2Al4Si5O18堇青石单一相固溶体形式存在;0.2≤x<0.8时,陶瓷以Mg2Al4Si5O18/CaAl2Si2O8两相复合形式存在;0.8≤x<1.0时,陶瓷以单一相(Ca,Mg)Al2Si2O8固溶体形式存在。SEM结果显示:Ca2+掺杂可以有效地降低堇青石陶瓷的气孔率与微裂纹,并能有效地控制Mg2Al4Si5O18/CaAl2Si2O8复相陶瓷的颗粒分布与晶粒尺寸。微波介电性能测试结果表明:0≤x≤0.4时,(Mg1–xCax)2Al4Si5O18陶瓷介电常数εr为7.0左右;0.6≤x≤1.0时,εr从7.0增加到8.6,然后又降低到6.9。随着x增加,品质因数Qf值从24100GHz降低到4400GHz。但是,在x=0.6时,由于[Si,AlO4]四面体中Al/Si原子排列的有序化,(Mg0.4,Ca0.6)2Al4Si5O18陶瓷Qf值(Qf=5500GHz)比两侧x值成分点Qf值有较大提高。(Mg1–x,Cax)2Al4Si5O18陶瓷谐振频率温度系数在整个x值范围内保持在–20×10–6～–35×10–6℃–1。     

Ca(Mg_(1–x)Co_x)Si_2O_6陶瓷的烧结性能与微波介电性能

通过Co2+对Mg2+的取代,探讨不同x值下Ca(Mg1–xCox)Si2O6陶瓷的物相组成、烧结性能、微观结构以及微波介电性能。结果表明:Co2+对Mg2+的取代,可将Ca(Mg1–xCox)Si2O6陶瓷的烧结温度从1300℃降低至1 175℃;Co2+在Ca(Mg,Co)Si2O6中的固溶极限在0.2~0.3之间,Mg2+在Ca(Co,Mg)Si2O6中的固溶极限在0.3~0.4之间,当x位于0.3~0.6之间时,出现Ca(Mg,Co)Si2O6与Ca(Co,Mg)Si2O6两相共存;无论是Co2+固溶入Ca Mg Si2O6,形成Ca(Mg,Co)Si2O6,还是Mg2+固溶进入Ca Co Si2O6,形成Ca(Co,Mg)Si2O6,陶瓷晶粒均随固溶度的增大,出现异常长大,进而恶化陶瓷的品质因数。当x=0.5时,Ca(Mg,Co)Si2O6与Ca(Co,Mg)Si2O6两相共存,有效细化了陶瓷晶粒尺寸,1 225℃烧结后,陶瓷的微波介电性能为εr=8.04,品质因数Q×f=59 108 GHz,谐振频率温度系数τf=–51.02×10–6/℃。     

Compositional Phases and Microwave Dielectric Properties of （Mg1-xCax）2A14Si5O18 Ceramics

采用固相烧结反应法制备（MghCaDzAhSi5018陶瓷。XRD测试结果表明：0≤x〈0．2时,陶瓷以（Mg,Ca）2A14Si5O18堇青石单-相固溶体形式存在;0.2≤x＜0．8时,陶瓷以Mg2AhSis018／CaAl2Si208两相复合形式存在;0．8≤x〈1．0时,陶瓷以单-相（Ca,Mg）A12Si2O8固溶体形式存在。SEM结果显示：Ca^2＋掺杂可以有效地降低堇青石陶瓷的气孔率与微裂纹,并能有效地控制Mg2AhSi5018／CaAl2Si208复相陶瓷的颗粒分布与晶粒尺寸。微波介电性能测试结果表明：O≤x≤O．4时,（Mg1-xCax）2A14Si5O18陶瓷介电常数εt为7．0左右;O．6≤x≤1．0时,＆从7．0增加到8．6,然后又降低到6.9。随着x增加,品质因数Qf值从24100GHz降低到4400GHz。但是,在x=0．6时,由于[Si,A1O4]四面体中A1／Si原子排列的有序化,（Mg0.4,Ca06）2A14Si5018陶瓷Qf值（Qf=S500GHz）比两侧x值成分点∥值有较大提高。（Mg1-x,Cax）2A14Si5O18陶瓷谐振频率温度系数在整个X值范围内保持在-20×10^-6--35×10^-6℃^-1。     

Mg4Nb2O9/CaTiO3复合介质陶瓷的结构和介电性能

以1.7%(质量分数)V2O5为烧结助剂,采用传统固相反应法制备了(1-x)Mg4Nb2O9 xCaTiO3[(1-x)MN-xCT]颗粒复合微波介质陶瓷.研究了陶瓷的微观结构和微波介电性能.结果表明:当0.5≤x≤0.7时,经1 150℃烧结5 h制备的(1-x)MN-xCT样品仍为Mg4Nb2O9和CaTiO3相,没有生成其它新相,在不同相之间存在元素扩散.当x从0.3增加到0.7,样品的相对介电常数(εr)和谐振频率(f)温度系数(τf)随x值的增加而增大,而品质因数(Q)却随x增大而降低.当x=0.5,1 150℃烧结5h后,获得的0.5Mg4Nb2O9/0.5CaTiO3 1.7%V2O5微波介质陶瓷的εr=20,Qf=48000 GHz(f=8 GHz),τf=12×10-6/℃.     

TiO_2添加量对Zn_(0.8)Mg_(0.2)ZrNb_2O_8微波介质陶瓷结构和性能的影响

采用传统固相合成工艺制备(1–x)Zn0.8Mg0.2Zr Nb2O8-x TiO_2(ZMZNT,x=0.00,0.20,0.40,0.50,0.60,0.65,0.70,0.80)微波介质陶瓷,研究了TiO_2添加量对Zn0.8Mg0.2Zr Nb2O8陶瓷烧结行为、相结构、微观结构以及微波介电性能的影响。结果表明:随着TiO_2添加量增加,ZMZNT陶瓷的烧结温度逐步下降。当x=0~0.5时,形成了Zn0.8Mg0.2(Zr,Ti)Nb2O8固溶体;而当x=0.6~0.8时,陶瓷体系发生了复杂物相变化,微观形貌也呈现对应的变化规律。随着TiO_2添加量的增加,ZMZNT陶瓷相对介电常数εr逐渐增大,品质因数Q×f呈下降趋势,谐振频率温度系数τf呈上升趋势。当x=0.65时,0.35Zn0.8Mg0.2Zr Nb2O8-0.65 TiO_2陶瓷在1 170℃烧结4 h,可以获得较佳的微波介电性能:εr=36.7,Q×f=37 432 GHz,τf=7.12×10–6/℃。     

Mg4(Mb2-xSbx)O9陶瓷的制备与微波介电性能

采用传统固相反应法制备了Mg4(Nb2-xSbx)O9陶瓷,研究了该材料的烧结性能、物相结构、显微组织和微波介电性能.X射线衍射结果显示,在x小于或等于1.6的范围内,形成了具有α-Al2O3刚玉型晶体结构的连续固溶体,晶轴长度和晶胞体积均随着锑含量的增加而降低.在x等于2.0时,Mg4Sb2O9的物相结构发生了变化,晶轴长度和晶胞体积也发生了突变.当0.4≤x≤O.8时,陶瓷的烧结温度从1400℃降低到了1300℃;而当x≥1.2后,陶瓷的烧结性能和微波介电性能均降低.在1300℃,5h的烧结条件下,Mg4(Nb1.6Sb0.4)O9陶瓷的微波介电常数(εr)为12.26,Q·f为168450 GHz.     

(1-x)Li1.0125MgPO4-xBa3(VO4)2复相陶瓷的制备及其微波介电性能

采用固相烧结法制备(1–x)Li_(1.0125)Mg PO_4–x Ba_3(VO_4)_2复相陶瓷,研究了Ba_3(VO_4)_2掺杂对复相陶瓷相组成、烧结特性、显微组织和微波介电性能的影响。结果表明:(1–x)Li_(1.0125)Mg PO_4–x Ba_3(VO_4)_2陶瓷中仅存在Li_(1.0125)Mg PO_4和Ba_3(VO_4)_2相。Ba_3(VO_4)_2的添加能明显降低Li_(1.0125)MgPO_4陶瓷的烧结温度。随着Ba_3(VO_4)_2含量的增加,复相陶瓷的相对介电常数ε_r逐渐增大,品质因子Q×f逐渐减小,谐振频率温度系数τ_f由负值逐渐变为正值。通过调节x值,可获得近零的τ_f值。0.5Li_(1.0125)MgPO_4–0.5Ba_3(VO_4)_2复相陶瓷经875℃烧结2 h后具有最佳微波介电性能,即ε_r=9.72,Q×f=57 347 GHz,τ_f=-1.9×10~(-6)/℃,是一种极具潜力的低温共烧介质材料。     

Mg4.68Al2.64Zr1.68O12的合成机理

以分析纯的MgO、活性α-Al2O3、电熔单斜锆为原料,采用淬冷法研究了Mg5+x Al2.4–x Zr1.7+0.25x O12(–0.4≤x≤0.4)的化学组成、热处理温度对合成MgO–MgAl2O4–ZrO2系三元化合物的影响,并对其合成机理进行了分析。结果表明:当温度低于1 650℃时,主要为MgAl2O4的形成及其晶粒长大过程;当温度高于1 650℃时,MgO与ZrO2向MgAl2O4扩散,反应形成了Mg4.68Al2.64Zr1.68O12;当温度为1 740℃时,Mg4.68Al2.64Zr1.68O12的合成趋于完全,其合成率达到89.5%,残留的MgAl2O4和ZrO2主要分布在Mg4.68Al2.64Zr1.68O12晶内;在合成温度为1 760℃、x=–0.2条件下,Mg4.68Al2.64Zr1.68O12的合成率最大,高达89.99%,且其晶粒发育最为完善;Mg4.68Al2.64Zr1.68O12在低温下分解成MgO、MgAl2O4和C-ZrO2共析体,实现了MgAl2O4和ZrO2的高度分散。     

Y_2O_3掺杂对La_2Zr_2O_7陶瓷结构与热物理性能的影响

用Y2O3掺杂La2Zr2O7制备(La1–xYx)2Zr2O7(x=0,0.1,0.2,x为摩尔分数)陶瓷材料,利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、激光导热仪以及热膨胀仪分别对其物相结构、显微形貌、热导率及热膨胀性能进行表征。结果表明,(La1–xYx)2Zr2O7为立方烧绿石结构,显微结构致密,在室温至1 450℃范围内具有良好的高温相稳定性。La2Zr2O7掺杂小离子半径Y3+可提高其热膨胀系数(x=0.2),降低热扩散系数,并在高温下表现出类似于玻璃的超低热导率。1 000℃时,La1.6Y0.4Zr2O7的热导率为1.28 W/(m·K),平均热膨胀系数达到9.7×10–6/K。     

48.3(0.61CaTiO_3-xNd_(2/3)TiO_3)-51.7MgTiO_3复合陶瓷的制备和性能

用传统固相法制备48.3(0.61Ca Ti O_(3-x )Nd_(2/3)TiO_3)-51.7Mg TiO_3复合陶瓷。研究在1 320℃烧结时Nd~(3+)含量和保温时间对复合陶瓷微观形貌、相组成和介电性能的影响。结果表明:复合陶瓷的气孔率随Nd~(3+)含量的增加先下降后上升,相对介电常数εr和谐振频率温度系数τf随Nd~(3+)含量的增加而降低,品质因数Q·f值随Nd~(3+)含量的增加先上升后下降,之后再上升。当x0.48时,保温7 h所得样品的气孔率较低;x≥0.48时,保温4 h的样品气孔率较低。保温时间对材料谐振频率温度系数几乎没有影响。当烧结温度为1 320℃、保温4 h和Nd~(3+)含量为0.54时,样品性能较佳:εr=45.28,τf=73.76×10–6/℃,Q·f=35 002GHz。加入Nb~(5+)并复合Zn Al_2O_4后,得到的0.96(48.3(Ca_(0.60)Nb_(0.16)TiO_(3-0.54)Nd_(2/3)TiO_3)-51.7Mg Ti O_3)-0.04Zn Al2O4复合陶瓷的εr=41.24、τf=39.44×10–6/℃。     

高介电常数微波介质陶瓷

近年来，微波介质陶瓷作为现代通信技术中关键的核心材料，广泛应用于微波谐振器、滤波器、介质基板、移相器等微波元器件，极大的促进了现化通信事业的飞速发展。本文综述了高介电常数微波介质陶瓷近几十年来的研究进展，并对高介电常数微波介质陶瓷的发展趋势进行了讨论和展望。     

Dielectric Drying

Dielectric heating is a term which covers both radio frequency (RF) and microwave systems. It has been used for industrial drying for many years because it has a number of advantages over other drying processes. These advantages include the volumetric dissipation of energy throughout a product, and the ability to automatically level any moisture variation within it. It is generally true to say that these techniques can only be justified in processes involving material of “high” value being processed in modest quantities but when combination with other fuel fired techniques there may be opportunities to broaden the range of applications. In addition to a desciption of current industrial applications, the theory of dielectric heating, the similarities and differences between RF and microwave are discussed together the effects of the dielectric roperties of a product on the design of the equipment     

Dielectric Drying

ABSTRACT

Dielectric heating is a term which covers both radio frequency (RF) and microwave systems. It has been used for industrial drying for many years because it has a number of advantages over other drying processes. These advantages include the volumetric dissipation of energy throughout a product, and the ability to automatically level any moisture variation within it. It is generally true to say that these techniques can only be justified in processes involving material of “high” value being processed in modest quantities but when combination with other fuel fired techniques there may be opportunities to broaden the range of applications. In addition to a desciption of current industrial applications, the theory of dielectric heating, the similarities and differences between RF and microwave are discussed together the effects of the dielectric roperties of a product on the design of the equipment     

Dielectric Constant Characteristics of a New Composite Dielectric Material

Dielectric characteristics of a new composite dielectric material composed of a ceramic and a plastic resin were investigated. The composite material has two requirements: it must display stable characteristics and be adaptable to mass production. The first requirement can be met by using a ceramic material, such as the TiO₂-rich part of the BaO-PbO-Nd₂O₃TiO₂ system. The second requirement can be fulfilled by using a polyoxymethylene resin. The new composite dielectric, composed of a ceramic (40 vol%) and a polyoxymethylene resin (60 vol%) and produced by injection molding, exhibits a dielectric constant of 12.1. It also displays extremely low temperature dependence in a range of −20° to 140°C as well as low frequency dependence over a range from 1 kHz to 10 MHz.     

高介电常数微波介质陶瓷材料的研究现状

综述了微波介质陶瓷材料特性、影响因素及高介电常数微波介质陶瓷材料的发展现状,讨论了提高微波介质材料性能的途径.分别介绍三类高介电常数微波介质陶瓷的研究现状,并探讨了微波介质陶瓷今后的发展趋势.     

Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of Low-Temperature-Fired Ferrite–Dielectric Composites

The composition effects on the sintering behavior, microstructure evolution, dielectric, and magnetic properties of BaO·(Nd_0.8Bi_0.2)₂O₃·4TiO₂ (BNBT)+Bi₂O₃–B₂O₃–SiO₂–ZnO (BBSZ) glass–(Ni_0.28Cu_0.12Zn_0.6O)–(Fe₂O₃)_0.99 (NiCuZn ferrite) composites were investigated in developing low-temperature-fired composites for high-frequency electromagnetic interference devices. An X-ray diffractometer, a scanning electron microscope, and a dilatometer were used to examine the BNBT+BBSZ glass powder to NiCuZn ferrite ratio effect on the composites densification and chemical reaction between BNBT and NiCuZn ferrite. The results indicate that these composites can be densified at 950°C with no significant chemical reactions occurring between BNBT and NiCuZn ferrites during sintering. The BNBT+BBSZ glass–NiCuZn ferrite composites sintered at 950°C exhibit excellent dielectric and magnetic properties over a wide frequency range.     

微波介质陶瓷

微波介质陶瓷作为广泛应用于微波谐振器、滤波器、介质基板、移相器等现代移动通信设备的核心材料,大大促进了现代通信事业的飞速发展。本文综述了近几十年来微波介质陶瓷的研究现状,以及各类体系微波介质陶瓷发展的最新进展,同时对微波介质陶瓷的发展趋势进行了讨论。     

高性能陶瓷微波介质材料

微波介质陶瓷可使微波通信和其他微波设备小型化,是有良好发展前景的一种介电材料。目前已经研制出许多具有高介电常数、高品质因数、低介质损耗及小谐振频率温度系数的优质微波介质陶瓷。本文综述近年来微波介质陶瓷在制备工艺、改良介电性能及应用方面的最新进展,并指出了今后的研究方向。     

Er2O3高介电常数薄膜的结构和介电性能的研究

采用射频磁控反应溅射技术,在不同的Ar：O2条件下制备Er2O3薄膜,然后把样品分别在600、700和800℃退火60min,研究分析了Ar：O2比例和退火温度对样品的结构和介电性能的影响。结果表明：600℃以上退火处理后,Er203薄膜从非晶态转变为多晶,使薄膜的介电常数和击穿场强明显增加,漏电流密度减小,但不同的退火温度对这些性能的影响不大,退火温度的提高会在Si和Er2O3薄膜的界面形成类SiO2过渡层。但Ar：O2比对薄膜的结晶性能和介电性能影响不大,但工作气体中较少的Ar会导致在Si和Er2O3薄膜的界面形成类Si02过渡层。     

介电性弹性体的研究进展

综述了介电弹性体的种类、性能、制备方法与主要发展方向,概述了介电弹性体驱动性能的表征方法,提出了制备高介电低模量介电弹性体的几点建议。