基于Web的智能农业大棚监控系统的设计

温室大棚正朝着自动化和智能化的方向发展。本文基于研华ADAM-4000系列模块,使用Visual C#语言和ASP.NET 4.0技术开发了一款基于Web应用程序的智能农业大棚监控系统。实现了对大棚温度、湿度、光照、二氧化碳浓度以及外部风速、风向等气象要素的智能监控。     

A fuzzy-neural approach for optimizing the performance of job dispatching in a wafer fabrication factory

A fuzzy-neural approach is presented in this study to optimize the performance of job dispatching in a wafer fabrication factory. The traditional optimization methods in this field have a few problems. To tackle these problems, we performed several treatments. First, we applied a more effective fuzzy-neural approach to estimate the remaining cycle time of a job. Then we established a systematic procedure to determine the optimal values of the parameters in the two-factor tailored nonlinear fluctuation smoothing rule for the mean cycle time, in order to optimize the scheduling performance. To assess the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, we conducted a production simulation. According to the experimental results, the proposed methodology is better than the existing approaches in optimizing the average cycle time.     

基于Web的嵌入式远程监控系统

为解决传统监控模式受时间和地点限制的问题,提出了基于Web与嵌入式系统的远程监控模型及其解决方案。以步进电机为远程监控对象,利用UART总线技术与Web技术进行远程通信,通过片上系统（SoC）微处理器控制硬件接口,采用嵌入式系统主控片上系统的运行,将Web技术与嵌人式技术相结合,研制完成了一个完整的远程监控系统。实验结果表明,该系统可对无人值守的现场设备实现随时随地的远程监控。     

Multicontextual dispatching rules for job shops with dynamic job arrival

The dynamic job shop problem is more challenging than the static job shop problem because dynamic job shops are disrupted by unforeseen events such as job arrivals and machine breakdowns. Each phase of a dynamic job shop problem presents a unique set of circumstances; multicontextual functions can describe the unique characteristics of a dynamic job shop at a specific time. The present work examines 11 basic dispatching rules and 33 composite rules made with multicontextual functions (MCFs) that describe machine idle time (MIT) and job waiting time (JWT). Simple procedures are presented that allow one or both of MIT and JWT to be combined with a single basic dispatching rule. This procedure produced 33 composite dispatching rules; the schedules from all 44 rules for a job shop with dynamic job arrival were compared with regard to make span and mean flow time. One composite rule, most work remaining with MCF₂, produced schedules with the shortest make spans in 21 out of 27 cases; another composite rule, most remaining operations (MRO) with MCF₃, produced schedules with the shortest mean flow times in 27 out of 27 cases. It was possible to combine JWT and MIT usefully only when the relevant dispatching rule did not depend on operation processing time; because MRO did not consider processing time, it benefitted from both JWT and MIT. Clients who demand short mean flow times might benefit from an implementation of MRO with MCF₃.     

Web-based remote monitoring and fault diagnosis system

This paper proposes an approved Web-based multilayer distributed software architecture solution for remote monitoring and fault diagnosis. To tightly integrate legacy monitor systems, a component framework model based on COM has been proposed, which is very suitable for remote monitoring and fault diagnosis applications. This system has the potential for exchanging a data acquisition system by using wrapper service components. A mixed thick Web client architecture is proposed to implement real-time remote monitoring. A Web-based remote monitoring and fault diagnosis system is developed by using modeling technology, Web application technology, component technology and VME extension for instrumentation (VXI) bus technology, which publishes a fault diagnosis algorithm package, a basic monitoring package and an advanced analysis package on the Internet. This system provides authorized users with an effective and instant way to access new monitoring and diagnosis component packages in time. This paper gives researchers a paradigm to accomplish similar systems. The technique developed may be used for other fields, such as power engineering, manufacture and transportation system.     

Production-flow-value-based job dispatching method for semiconductor manufacturing

In a wafer manufacturing system, the value added to a particular product at a station may differ significantly from that added to a different product at the same station. If an enterprise concentrates mainly on generating profits, throughput becomes a poor performance measurement for a manufacturing system. Job dispatching rules based on maximum throughput no longer guarantee maximizing profit. Hence, profitability would be a good alternative measurement. The main purpose of this study is to develop a production-flow-value-based job dispatching rule (PFV) by the theory of constraints (TOC) for wafer fabrication. This study derives a TOC cost estimation method and a profitability estimate of a WIP-wafer lot. Jobs are then prioritized based on their profitability. Thus the PFV job dispatching rule is developed. For comparison, two job dispatching rules, MCR and MBS, are also arbitrarily selected to perform simulations. The simulation results reveal that the proposed PFV maximizes the production flow value, while MCR and MBS do not.     

A neural network for dispatching rule selection in a job shop

This paper investigates an intelligent system that selects dispatching rules to apply locally for each machine in a job shop. Randomly generated problems are scheduled using optimal permutations of three different dispatching rules on five machines. A neural network is then trained to associate between a statistical characterization of the job mix in each of these problems, with the best combination of dispatching rules to use. Once trained, the neural network is able to recommend for new problems a dispatching rule to use on each machine. Two networks are trained separately for minimizing makespan and the mean flowtime in the job shop. Test results show that the combinations of dispatching rules suggested by the trained networks produce better results, for both objectives, than the alternative of using a single rule common to all machines.     

基于Web的集成化动态企业绩效评价系统框架

企业绩效评价是一个经典的企业管理问题。本文从企业信息化的角度出发,提出了将绩效评价体系的理论、基于Web的信息技术、数据仓库理论以及决策方法集成,建立基于Web的集成化动态绩效评价系统的方法,实现了对传统企业绩效评价的技术支持与业务改进。对该系统核心问题进行了探讨,并介绍了相关的研究内容。     

Efficient dispatching rules for dynamic job shop scheduling

This study attempts to provide efficient dispatching rules for dynamic job shop scheduling by combining different dispatching rules. A dispatching rule is used to select the next job to be processed from a set of jobs awaiting service. A job shop will be treated as dynamic, when conditions such as continuously arriving new jobs and deviations from current schedule need to be accommodated, and a job shop should be treated as an integrated part of a manufacturing system. The discussion includes a simulation technique which uses ARENA 4.0. software to simulate the dynamic model of a job shop under various rules and performance measures . Results of the simulation show that, for most of the performance measures, combined rules perform well. In this study, the combined rules MWKR_FIFO and TWKR_SPT do well under most conditions.     

A conflict-based priority dispatching rule and operation-based approaches to job shops

Job shop scheduling (JSS) problems consist of a set of machines and a collection of jobs to be scheduled. Each job consists of several operations with a specified processing order. In this paper, a job shop model problem is scheduled with the help of the Giffler and Thompson algorithm using a priority dispatching rule (PDR). A conflict based PDR is used to schedule the job shop model by using Genetic Algorithms (GAs). An iterative method is applied to the job model to find the optimal conflict-based PDR order and the operation sequence. The same job shop model is also scheduled based on an operation using simulated annealing (SA) and hybrid simulated annealing (HSA). A makespan of the job model is used as an objective. These four methods are considered as different solutions for each problem. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is applied to test its significance.     

基于网络的机床诊断、监测和维护

本文介绍了机床在线技术的应用情况和有关问题，如速度、安全保护、旧机床升级，采用电话直拨还是通过互联多的方式联系等。     

基于GPS和GSM的车辆监控调度系统

为了提高车辆行驶的安全性,物流配置的快捷性,车辆调度的实时性,设计了一种基于GPS和GSM网络技术的车辆防盗监控调度系统.采用短消息的方式将车辆的位置信息发送到监控中心,监控中心可在电子地图上实时查看移动车辆的具体位置,实现了对多车系统的实时监控和合理调度,解决了常规报警系统的空间局限性.     

网上实时监测系统设计与实现

网上实时监测系统采用多层结构模式,实现了企业工业控制信息的远程动态显示,文中对软件结构模式进行了分析,详细分析了网上实时监测系统的体系结构,并对系统的设计与实现进行了说明。     

基于Web的广域污染源水质自动监控系统研究

在线自动监测或监控是治理水质污染的必要手段.根据国内外开发经验结合我国国情,推出了基于Web的广域污染源水质自动监控系统,由监测、通信、控制等软硬件系统构成.实现了监测点仪器接口的"宽接入",有线和无线通信并存,实现99.9%以上的通信成功率;定义和实现了定时上报、紧急上报、指示收集、实时收集和随机收集等5种逻辑通信方式,支持反控、时间同步、远程参数设置和远程维护;实现软件部分的跨平台和可扩展性;基于Web的监测和控制,提高了系统的易用性、稳定性和易维护性.     

Learning iterative dispatching rules for job shop scheduling with genetic programming

This study proposes a new type of dispatching rule for job shop scheduling problems. The novelty of these dispatching rules is that they can iteratively improve the schedules by utilising the information from completed schedules. While the quality of the schedule can be improved, the proposed iterative dispatching rules (IDRs) still maintain the easiness of implementation and low computational effort of the traditional dispatching rules. This feature makes them more attractive for large-scale manufacturing systems. A genetic programming (GP) method is developed in this paper to evolve IDRs for job shop scheduling problems. The results show that the proposed GP method is significantly better than the simple GP method for evolving composite dispatching rules. The evolved IDRs also show their superiority to the benchmark dispatching rules when tested on different problem instances with makespan and total weighted tardiness as the objectives. Different aspects of IDRs are also investigated and the insights from these analyses are used to enhance the performance of IDRs.     

Ant colony optimization for job shop scheduling using multi-attribute dispatching rules

This paper proposes a heuristic method based on ant colony optimization to determine the suboptimal allocation of dynamic multi-attribute dispatching rules to maximize job shop system performance (four measures were analyzed: mean flow time, max flow time, mean tardiness, and max tardiness). In order to assure high adequacy of the job shop system representation, modeling is carried out using discrete-event simulation. The proposed methodology constitutes a framework of integration of simulation and heuristic optimization. Simulation is used for evaluation of the local fitness function for ants. A case study is used in this paper to illustrate how performance of a job shop production system could be affected by dynamic multi-attribute dispatching rule assignment.     

A hybrid computer simulation-adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system algorithm for optimization of dispatching rule selection in job shop scheduling problems under uncertainty

The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology - Unstable environment of industrial systems is a source of various uncertainties in production features such as processing times....     

A dispatching rule-based hybrid genetic algorithm focusing on non-delay schedules for the job shop scheduling problem

Job shop scheduling is an important decision process in contemporary manufacturing systems. In this paper, we aim at the job shop scheduling problem in which the total weighted tardiness must be minimized. This objective function is relevant for the make-to-order production mode with an emphasis on customer satisfaction. In order to save the computational time, we focus on the set of non-delay schedules and use a genetic algorithm to optimize the set of dispatching rules used for schedule construction. Another advantage of this strategy is that it can be readily applied in a dynamic scheduling environment which must be investigated with simulation. Considering that the rules selected for scheduling previous operations have a direct impact on the optimal rules for scheduling subsequent operations, Bayesian networks are utilized to model the distribution of high-quality solutions in the population and to produce the new generation of individuals. In addition, some selected individuals are further improved by a special local search module based on systematic perturbations to the operation processing times. The superiority of the proposed approach is especially remarkable when the size of the scheduling problem is large.     

A Web-based CBR knowledge management system for PC troubleshooting

Using case-based reasoning (CBR), the authors integrate the techniques of cognitive task analysis (CTA), hierarchical clustering and ontology and propose a Web-based CBR knowledge management (KM) system for investigating the construction of a KM system with multiple information techniques to support KM activity in industry. The maintenance service centres of a computer company are used as an example to illustrate extracting the maintenance knowledge necessary to construct a PC troubleshooting KM system. The effectiveness of applying a Web-based CBR KM system to support KM activities in the KM life cycle is subjected to practical verification.     

苇湖梁热网调度监控系统

本文介绍用PCC可编程计算机控制器及计算机工作站组成的苇湖梁热网调度监控系统,对整个热网根据室外温度分段调度热源厂的出口温度和循环流量,采用综合函数F和Smart-PID对热换站进行二次水温及循环流量控制,实现二次网供热量控制。