无机盐对两性聚丙烯酰胺特性粘度的影响

用红外吸收光谱对两性聚丙烯酰胺结构进行了表征,表明分子链上丙烯酰胺(AM)、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(MADQUAT)和丙烯酰胺基甲基丙磺酸钠(NaAMPS)链节的存在。随后研究了NaCl、CaCl2浓度及pH值对不同阴阳离子度的聚合物特性粘度的影响。结果表明,AM-MADQUAT-NaAMPS共聚物特性粘度受CaCl2浓度影响较NaCl大,但总的来说耐盐性比单性离子聚合物好,且其特性粘度在很大范围内(除等电点附近)不受pH值的影响。     

疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺溶液的稳定性研究

用粘度法研究了用模拟胜利油田盐水配制的疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺溶液在高温下的稳定性。实验发现聚合物溶液粘度下降很快,硫脲和小分子醇类能明显增强聚合物溶液的高温稳定性。其中硫脲能起到抗氧剂的作用,在短期内能使溶液保持较好的稳定性;小分子醇类能与聚合物交联,使疏水缔合聚合物溶液的网状结构得以维持。用硫脲和自制的多羟基化合物以1∶5比例复配后的稳定剂结合了这两类物质的优点,当加入量为100mg/L时,使聚合物溶液的高温长期稳定性有了很大的提高。     

无机盐对表面活性剂粘度效应的研究

定量研究了多组多表面活性中无机盐对粘度的影响,实验结果表明,无机盐能提高多组分表面活性剂的粘度,但体系中极性活性的组分比例是一个值得注意的因素。     

聚丙烯酰胺驱油的影响因素调研分析

本文从油藏开发的地质条件,聚合物的优选以及聚合物驱方案的从属、开发地层的非均质性特点、孔渗条件所决定的渗流环境、油层温度地层水矿化度、盐度以及原油的物化性质以及饱和程度等油藏条件,以此分析聚丙烯酰胺驱油效果的影响因素。     

反相乳液聚合制备聚丙烯酰胺

采用反相乳液聚合法合成了聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）,测定了聚合反应转化率及产物特性粘度,并对其官能团进行了表征。考察了加料方式、单体质量分数、乳化剂用量、油水此对产物性能的影响。实验结果表明,最佳合成条件为：单体质量分数22．5％（对水相）,乳化剂质量分数2％（对油相）,油水比为1：2。     

矿化度对疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺溶液性质的影响

研究了NaCl和CaCl2对实验室自制疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺(HAP)溶液性质的影响。结果表明,ρ(HAP)= 1000 mg/L的溶液,随着ρ(NaCl)的增加,表观黏度先降低后增加再降低,当ρ(NaCl)=3 g／L时,溶液的黏度仍有32．8 mPa·s,远大于部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(3530S型);在0．98 MPa的压力下,HAP溶液通过核微孔滤膜的能力随ρ(NaCl)的增加,逐渐降低。动态光散射实验结果表明,与NaCl相比,ρ(CaCl)=1500 mg／L的溶液对线团尺寸的影响较大,当ρ(Ca2+)=400mg/L时,溶液中聚合物线团直径达到1334 nm,比用去离子水配制溶液的线团直径要大得多。HAP溶液在盐水体系中具有较好的增黏性。     

聚天冬氨酸稀溶液的粘度特性表征

对聚天冬氨酸(PASP)稀溶液的粘度特性进行了考察,测定了30℃条件下,聚天冬氨酸在纯水溶液及NaCl水溶液中的特性粘数,考察了在不同离子强度情况下,PASP稀溶液的特性粘数的变化;同时又根据杨海洋等提出的粘度法研究高分子溶液行为的实验改进(Ⅱ)对实验进行了改进,测出了PASP在NaCl水溶液中的特性粘数[η]。     

聚丙烯酰胺中丙烯酰胺的测定

聚丙烯酰胺中丙烯酰胺的测定董占先，张晓波，孙路ＤＥＴＥＲＭＩＮＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＡＣＲＹＬＡＭＩＤＥＩＮＰＯＬＹＡＣＲＹＬＡＭＩＤＥ１前言聚丙烯酰胺作为絮凝剂在供水和食品工业中得到广泛的应用，由于丙烯酰胺单体有毒，所以分析聚合物中单体含量具有很重要的意义...     

聚丙烯酰胺凝胶过程的影响因素

探讨了在高浓度氧化剂溶液中使用三价铬离子作交联剂制备聚丙烯酰胺凝胶的影响因素。研究了聚丙烯酰胺的用量、交联剂的配制、交联温度的影响、成胶粘度的变化等相关因素。     

金属阳离子对部分水解聚丙烯酰胺溶液黏度影响的研究进展

综述了金属阳离子对部分水解聚丙烯酰胺溶液（HPAM）黏度影响的研究现状,解释了不同价态金属阳离子对HPAM的降黏作用机理,介绍了采油污水处理中金属离子的脱除技术。对目前金属离子与HPAM作用研究中存在的问题以及未来的发展方向进行了总结。     

Effect of Inorganic Salts on the Aggregation Behavior of AOT at the Air/Water Interface

The aggregation behavior of sodium bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-sulfosuccinate (AOT) at the air/water interface in the absence and presence of inorganic salts was investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. Both monovalent and divalent ions were studied, such as LiCl, NaCl, KCl, MgCl₂ and CaCl₂. It has been proved that these inorganic ions have great influence on the structure of the AOT monolayer and water molecules around its headgroup. In the presence of inorganic salts, AOT molecules are relatively ordered at the interface and water around the headgroups of AOT shows a lower diffusion coefficient compared with the situation without inorganic salts. All the counterions are prone to move toward the headgroups and locate at the interface. Divalent ions have a strong interaction with AOT, thus they affect the aggregation behavior of AOT remarkably.     

驱油用聚丙烯酰胺溶液界面特性研究

使用 TRACKR全自动液滴界面张力仪测量了不同试验条件下十二烷 /聚丙烯酰胺溶液界面扩大、缩小时的流变特征及界面张力 ,开发出了用以表征液膜强度的界面黏弹性 E的测量方法。在十二烷 /聚丙烯酰胺界面形成稳定的过程中界面 (扩张 )黏弹模量不断增加 ,并逐渐达到恒定 ,其中弹性成分所占比例远大于黏性成分即 E′>E″。考察的聚合物浓度范围为 5 0～ 2 0 0 0 mg/ L ,界面黏弹模量从 1 7.6提高到 3 0 .6m N·m-1。放置 3 d后的聚合物溶液界面黏弹模量保留率为 82 .8%。实验结果表明聚合物浓度变化对界面张力影响不显著。     

电流密度对无机熔盐法制备钢基镀铝层形貌特征的影响

以1070工业纯铝为阳极,Q235钢为阴极,置于AlCl3-NaCl-KCl三元无机熔盐中,150℃下电镀处理,获得了完整、均匀的镀层。并且研究了电流密度对镀层形貌的影响。经SEM和EDS分析表明,镀层主要成分是金属铝颗粒。SEM分析表明,在一定电镀时间下,随着电流密度的提高,膜层颗粒由粗大的树干状晶粒转变为不规则块状晶粒;当电流密度进一步增大时,膜层颗粒逐渐形成细小的球状晶粒。晶粒尺寸随着电流密度的提高而逐渐减小。     

Interactions between Anionic Polyacrylamide and Cationic Gemini/Conventional Surfactants

The interaction of anionic polymer polyacrylamide and cationic Gemini surfactants, namely: α,ω-bis(hexadecyldimethylammonium)alkane dibromides, (16-s-16), s = 5, 6 and their conventional counterpart cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) has been investigated by electrical conductivity, rheology, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Stronger interaction of Gemini surfactants in comparison to their conventional counterpart CTAB was observed from conductivity studies, while viscosity studies show that the interaction is quite significant with Gemini surfactants. The thermodynamic parameters for interactions show feasibility of interaction between the polymer and surfactant. SEM results support the viscosity data.     

Investigation of Mixing Behavior of both a Conventional Surfactant and Different Inorganic Salts with a Cationic Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solution

N,N′-bis [3-(dodecanoylamino)propyl]-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diaminium dibromide is a cationic Gemini surfactant including quaternary ammonium salt with amide groups. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) and some thermodynamic parameters of the cationic Gemini surfactant were investigated using surface tension and conductivity methods. Mixed micellization of binary mixtures of the cationic Gemini surfactant with a conventional surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was investigated using the conductometric method at five different temperatures ranging from 303.15 to 323.15 K. CMC, micellar ionization degree (α_m), counterion binding constant (g₁), interaction parameter (β), and activity coefficients ( and ) of mixed systems were found out from data of conductivity at different mole fractions for all studied temperatures. Additionally, the effects of some inorganic salts with different concentrations on the surface properties of cationic Gemini surfactant were examined by surface tension measurements. Some surface properties of the pure cationic Gemini surfactant and mixed salts systems were calculated using the data of surface tension.     

Effects of Several Factors on Viscosity of Alumina-spinel Slurries

1IntroductionSpinelismorestablethanaluminainoxidation ,al kali,salt,fusedmetal,slagandcarbonatmosphere .Inrecentyears ,moreattentionhasbeengiventoit .Andithasbeenwidelyusedinthefieldofinsulated materials ,high performanceceramicsandrefractories .Concentratedalumina spinelslurrieswithgoodfluid ityarecrucialtopreparealumina spinelcastables .Whethertheconcentratedslurrycanbeobtainedornothastightrelationshiptoitsrheologicalbehavior .Ingener al ,therheologicalbehavioroftheslurryisaffectedbyanumber…     

某些无机盐溶液滴粒的蒸发干燥

本文研究了某些常见无机盐的不同浓度水溶液滴粒在高温气流中的蒸发干燥.发现大多数试样滴粒的干燥过程包括(1)湿球温度下的恒速干燥;(2)降速干燥;(3)沸点下恒速干燥;(4)第二次降速干燥四个阶段,而不是两个阶段.这种四阶段干燥机理可以作为对任何含溶解固体滴粒蒸发干燥过程的完整的一般化描述.研究了某些因素对干燥过程特性的影响;测定了各干燥阶段转变时的临界湿含量.     

配聚污水对聚合物溶液粘度影响及对策

为了更好的揭示配聚污水对聚合物溶液粘度的影响规律,利用布氏粘度仪对不同污水配制聚合物溶液粘度进行测定。研究结果表明:聚合物溶液粘度随着金属阳离子浓度的增加而迅速下降后下降平缓。特别是Mg~(2+)、Ca~(2+)浓度对聚合物溶液粘度具有较大影响,较小浓度的提升就能引起HPAM溶液粘度的大幅度下降。选择Na_2C_2O_4作为提高HPAM溶液粘度的络合剂,质量浓度为1 500 mg/L的HPAM溶液增粘率达到增粘率达到33.2%。