无尘粉碎系统压缩空气的净化

肌苷原料药精制的粉碎工序使用无尘粉碎系统，该系统需使用压缩空气脉冲喷射对除尘布袋中收集的粉尘进行清理，故需对使用的压缩空气进行净化过滤以确保肌苷生产过程不被污染。无尘粉碎系统的压缩空气过滤系统是按照GMP要求设计安装的，其组成部份为WW型全无油空气压缩机、冷冻式干燥机、一级空气精密过滤器、二级空气精密过滤器，该系统可以对压缩空气去除尘埃、截留细菌、去除油水等过滤纯化功能，从而确保生产中使用的压缩空气的质量符合相关标准要求。     

液压系统安装中冲洗滤芯的选择

在液压系统安装中,油循环冲洗是保证液压系统清洁度的有效手段,而过滤器滤芯的选择对液压系统安装工期影响很大。本文通过多项工程实践,对油循环冲洗滤芯的型式、过滤精度、过滤比、纳垢容量、允许压力降、流通能力几个方面进行了阐述,在工程应用中具有较好的实际参考价值。     

房间空调器用滚动转子式压缩机回油问题的研究

本文阐述了解决房间空间器用滚动转子式压缩机的回油问题的重要性，对滚动转子式压缩机出现回油不良的常见原因进行了分析，从空调器的制冷系统设计和运行控制方面提出了相应的解决对策，对一拖多空调系统低温启动时的回油问题进行了实验研究并提出了解决方案。     

离心压缩机强制润滑系统的设计及功能

离心压缩机工作时，润滑系统连续不断地把数量足够、温度适当的润滑油输送到部件的摩擦表面，并在摩擦表面之间形成油膜，实现液体摩擦。从而减小摩擦阻力、降低功率消耗、减轻机件磨损，以提高离心压缩机工作可靠性和耐久性。为了有足够的油量从摩擦表面带走摩擦热，并能形成稳定的油膜，一般都需采用压力油强制连续循环润滑。进润滑点的油压在规程中均有具体规定。油压过低应自动报警、并启动辅助油泵，直至自动停车。离心压缩机的转速很高，轴承间隙小，对润滑系统要求非常严格。润滑油一般采用46号透平油。除了油的牌号和指标必须符合要求外，对油的清洁程度要求也很高。一般需要经过二级过滤，过滤掉大干10um的微粒。经润滑点后的油温会升高。为了进行循环润滑，必须将润滑油在油冷却器中进行充分冷却，以保证进油温度不至于过高。为此，油冷却器应有足够的冷却面积和冷却水量。润滑系统有如下作用：润滑机油在运动零件的所有摩擦表面之间形成连续的油膜，以减小零件之间的摩擦。冷却机油在循环过程中流过零件工作表面，可以降低零件的温度。清洗机油可以带走摩擦表面产生的金属碎末及冲洗掉沉积在压缩机内的积炭。防锈机油有防止零件发生锈蚀的作用。     

低温真空泵

近年来，无油抽吸设备在微电子产品和电真空与光电仪器生产中得到了广泛应用。这种设备最有发展前途之一是基于独立微型低温系统的低温真空泵。这种泵的作用原理是基于气体冷凝降压效应，即表面气体被冷到低温，冷凝时压力下降，不冷凝气体在低温下被固体吸附剂吸附。     

酸素“5000”空分出力不足分析及改造

本文介绍5000m3/h空分设备运行中的故障判断分析,以及对板翅式换热器、空压机空气过滤系统和油系统的改造,并就在空压机出口补加空气等项措施进行了分析和探讨。     

带能量回收分离器的混合工质气体液化系统实验

针对油润滑压缩机驱动的制冷循环低温工况时润滑油油堵问题,设计了一种兼有气液分离和能量回收功能的分离器,建立了相应的低温气体液化系统实验台,并对分离器的效果、系统整体的热力性能等进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,该分离器在实现混合工质气液高效分离的同时还能回收一定冷量;系统整体降温快速平稳,并可稳定生产液化空气,系统效率为8.85%。     

莱钢HC冷轧机乳化液过滤系统研究与改进

摘耍：简述莱钢单机架冷轧机乳化液系统的情况，就该乳化液过滤系统存在的磁过滤机问题、乳化液平床过滤器问题进行分析改进，改造后提高了乳化液过滤系统过滤效率，提升了乳化液各项经济指标，取得良好效果。     

解决润滑油脱氮-低温吸附工艺系统结焦堵塞问题的有效途径

大庆石化分公司炼油厂润滑油脱氮一低温吸附工艺在运行中存在系统结焦堵塞问题，本文对问题产生的原因进行分析总结，提出有效减少系统结焦堵塞的措施：一是通过运行控制，即严格控制电精制罐的渣位和脱氮过滤罐的渣位及加强平稳生产等措施减少结焦的影响；二是加强对吸附剂渣块的过滤，脱氮过滤罐、混合罐出口过滤罐、蒸发塔底过滤罐、过滤机系统在解决堵塞问题中发挥了重要作用。     

大庆外围油田台1区块电加热工艺的节能潜力分析

对于油井分布零散、系统依托性差、伴生气量不足的外围产能区块,电加热集油工艺的应用使生产成本进一步降低,经济效益进一步提高,为低产零散油田的高效开发创造了有利条件。但是电加热工艺能耗相对较高,这里我们以台1区块为例,探索电加热低温集输的可行性,制定低温集输方案,加大地面集油系统节能降耗力度。。     

氦制冷机油气分离器设计及除油效果测试

对高压氦气的除油过程进行理论分析,将过程分为捕集-聚结-排液3个部分,并对捕集过程进行理论计算,在不考虑二次夹带的情况下,一级、二级油气分离器对油滴的理论捕集效率应大于97%和99.6%。对油气分离器进行结构设计,并通过实验检验设计的油气分离器的除油效果。测试结果显示一级油气分离器除油效率达到97.625%,与理论捕集效率较为一致;二级油气分离器除油效率67.37%,对二级除油效率与理论捕集效率存在偏差进行了分析。综合除油效率达到99.25%,满足工程设计要求。     

Effective pair interionic interactions in supercompressed helium

The effective pair interionic interaction has been calculated for liquid helium in the metallic state. The potential was found at the second order of the perturbation theory in the electron-ion interaction. Because the depth of the potential well depends heavily on the method of approximation of the exchange interaction and electron gas correlations, the calculations were performed for several approximations. The authors propose an original form of the approximation. The effective pair interionic potentials of metallic hydrogen and helium were compared. An assumption about the possibility of the existance of metallic helium after the removal of external pressure was made.     

大功率活塞式氦气压缩机的研制

介绍了一种由7.5 kW商用空调压缩机改进而成的氦气压缩机.压缩机采用了独特的喷油内冷却方式,并配套以自行设计的高效除油净化系统,满足了制冷机长期工作的要求.经过近1 000h的各种工况下的运行试验,证明了这种改进方法是完全可行的.     

HL—1M的原位处理技术

介绍 Ｈ Ｌ－ １ Ｍ 托卡马克装置的壁处理技术。使用氦辉光放电清洗清除装置杂质和降低壁中氢含量,壁硼化和硅化技术以及原位沉积膜的原位清除。     

Reciprocating compressors with labyrinth pistons for helium

Industrial refrigeration plants operating at very low temperature require reliable compressors. The labyrinth-piston helium compressors described in this paper are both oil and contamination free and frictionless in operation. Units with two and four cylinders are described. Four-stage units can produce a final pressure of 60 bar and above.     

使用吸附式制冷机实现大型低温系统氦压缩机节能的研究

采用喷油氦螺杆压缩机高压级润滑油废热驱动硅胶一水吸附式制冷机制取冷量.同时利用液氮槽排出的低温氮气冷却高压级压缩机吸、排气的方法可以显著降低压缩机的功耗.以EAST超导托卡马克可控核聚变装置低温系统为例,理论计算证明润滑油的废热完全可以驱动吸附式制冷机正常工作;采用吸附式制冷机+低温氮气冷却吸、排气后氦压缩机能耗可以减少9.7%.     

Cooling effect at wave expansion of gas stream

This paper presents the data from an investigation of gas flow expansion with wave energy generation and removal of some portion of the energy generated. The cooling effect is observed at temperatures above that of the inversion. A wave cryogenerator based on the Hartmann air-jet wave generator is used for gas expansion (air, nitrogen, helium). Gas expansion energy is converted into wave energy by means of this wave cryogenerator. The removal of some portion of the wave energy from the system allows a decrease in the irreversibility losses.     

大型氦低温系统中的杂质净化

EAST是一个全超导的托卡马克核聚变实验装置,磁体采用超临界氦迫流冷却.磁体在降温过程中对氦气的纯度有很高的要求,净化系统是整个低温系统的重要环节之一,以防各种杂质气体在低温下凝结固化威胁低温系统的稳定可靠运行.理论分析了氦气纯化的基本原理及固定床吸附器的吸附机理,对低温纯化器的运行进行了阐述,并介绍了杂质成分检测系统,以对净化效果进行评估,实验得知氦气净化系统能满足低温系统氦气高纯度的要求.     

Numerical analysis of flow field and separation characteristics in an oilfield sewage separation device

A novel oilfield high-oil-recovery water injection treatment device, the hydrocyclone oil removal device, was developed to treat oilfield sewage in the oil phase. It addresses the problems of high oil content in oilfield sewage, direct discharge of contaminants to the environment, and reduction of formation water absorption capacity by reinjection formation. An experimental verification and numerical simulation of the device were carried out to analyze its mechanism and influencing factors. An analysis of the flow path, phase distribution, velocity distribution, and pressure distribution of oil and water revealed the oil removal mechanism of the hydrocyclone oil removal device: automatic separation of oil and water could be realized by using the physical properties of the fluid, the special structure of the equipment, and the appropriate operating parameters. The influence of the inlet oil concentration, flow, pressure, and oil droplet size on the separation efficiency was investigated. The inlet flow, pressure, and the oil droplet size were found to be directly proportional to the separation efficiency, and the oil concentration was found to be inversely proportional to the separation efficiency. These results could further the efficient application of the high-oil-recovery water injection treatment device. The research results also have important engineering value for the efficient treatment and recycling of oil and gas field wastewater.     

Kinetic modeling and half life study on bioremediation of crude oil dispersed by Corexit 9500

Hydrocarbon pollution in marine ecosystems occurs mainly by accidental oil spills, deliberate discharge of ballast waters from oil tankers and bilge waste discharges; causing site pollution and serious adverse effects on aquatic environments as well as human health. A large number of petroleum hydrocarbons are biodegradable, thus bioremediation has become an important method for the restoration of oil polluted areas. In this research, a series of natural attenuation, crude oil (CO) and dispersed crude oil (DCO) bioremediation experiments of artificially crude oil contaminated seawater was carried out. Bacterial consortiums were identified as Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Vibrio. First order kinetics described the biodegradation of crude oil. Under abiotic conditions, oil removal was 19.9% while a maximum of 31.8% total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) removal was obtained in natural attenuation experiment. All DCO bioreactors demonstrated higher and faster removal than CO bioreactors. Half life times were 28, 32, 38 and 58 days for DCO and 31, 40, 50 and 75 days for CO with oil concentrations of 100, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/L, respectively. The effectiveness of Corexit 9500 dispersant was monitored in the 45 day study; the results indicated that it improved the crude oil biodegradation rate.