A Web-based automotive refrigeration troubleshooting system applying knowledge engineering approach

This study describes the generation of Web-based troubleshooting system for automotive refrigeration system using knowledge engineering approach over the Internet. The relevant technologies used in the system are discussed in detail. The aim of the proposed knowledge-based troubleshooting system (KBTS) is to integrate the troubleshooting process of automotive refrigeration system into a single architecture for retrieving knowledge and experience of technicians in automobile repairing field. The application of KBTS guides the novice or learner through different stages of the troubleshooting process enabling the creation of problem-solving list, its contents include the selection of hand tools and instrument, decision of detecting methods, procedure of disassembling/reassembling component, adjusting, and so on. Through the use of web and knowledge approach, the troubleshooting knowledge of automobile refrigeration system can be effectively incorporated into the procedure generation framework and a Web-based troubleshooting procedure generation system can also be implemented.     

挖掘机协同设计中知识冲突管理系统的设计与实现

为解决复杂机械产品协同设计中的知识冲突问题,研究了产品设计时约束网络的建立方法和约束的分层管理,并采用区间传播算法求解约束满足问题,解决了协同设计中基于约束的冲突检测和冲突归档问题。在理论研究的基础上,开发了一种基于J2EE平台Struts+IBatis轻量级框架的协同设计中知识冲突管理系统,在一定程度上解决了协同设计中的知识冲突问题,并以挖掘机产品设计选择轴承为实例验证了知识冲突管理系统的正确性和可行性。     

A collaborative desktop tagging system for group knowledge management based on concept space

The advent of internet has led to a significant growth in the amount of information available, resulting in information overload, i.e. individuals have too much information to make a decision. To resolve this problem, collaborative tagging systems form a categorization called folksonomy in order to organize web resources. A folksonomy aggregates the results of personal free tagging of information and objects to form a categorization structure that applies utilizes the collective intelligence of crowds. Folksonomy is more appropriate for organizing huge amounts of information on the Web than traditional taxonomies established by expert cataloguers. However, the attributes of collaborative tagging systems and their folksonomy make them impractical for organizing resources in personal environments.This work designs a desktop collaborative tagging (DCT) system that enables collaborative workers to tag their documents. This work proposes an application in patent analysis based on the DCT system. Folksonomy in DCT is built by aggregating personal tagging results, and is represented by a concept space. Concept spaces provide synonym control, tag recommendation and relevant search. Additionally, to protect privacy of authors and to decrease the transmission cost, relations between tagged and untagged documents are constructed by extracting document’s features rather than adopting the full text.Experimental results reveal that the adoption rate of recommended tags for new documents increases by 10% after users have tagged five or six documents. Furthermore, DCT can recommend tags with higher adoption rates when given new documents with similar topics to previously tagged ones. The relevant search in DCT is observed to be superior to keyword search when adopting frequently used tags as queries. The average precision, recall, and F-measure of DCT are 12.12%, 23.08%, and 26.92% higher than those of keyword searching.DCT allows a multi-faceted categorization of resources for collaborative workers and recommends tags for categorizing resources to simplify categorization easier. Additionally, DCT system provides relevance searching, which is more effective than traditional keyword searching for searching personal resources.     

Developing a distributed knowledge model for knowledge management in collaborative development and implementation of an enterprise system

Recently, enterprise systems have been extensively adopted to boost enterprise competitiveness. The development and implementation of enterprise systems is a knowledge intensive procedure, being related to enterprise processes and involving information, system and software engineering technologies. Consequently, knowledge management is required to enhance the effectiveness of enterprise system development and implementation, thus helping to increase industrial competitiveness.This study aims to develop a distributed knowledge model for knowledge management, capable of supporting the collaborative development and implementation of enterprise systems. This objective can be obtained by performing the following tasks: (1) modeling and characterization of the collaborative development and implementation process, (2) identification, analysis and modeling of involved knowledge, and (3) development of a distributed knowledge model for knowledge management related to the collaborative development and implementation of enterprise systems.     

面向服务网格的虚拟环境部署运行管理系统

虚拟技术的最新进展为网格计算提供了封装资源的新方式,其封装性、隔离性和安全性能够有效屏蔽底层资源的异构性,根据用户应用需求定制执行环境,更好地适应于网格环境的复杂性和应用的多样性。为了满足当前服务网格的需求发展,基于新的虚拟机技术,研究适合于服务网格的虚拟环境部署运行管理系统,该系统为用户提供可视化、易操作的远程虚拟环境部署和运行管理功能;并实现一个标准的网格服务,结合服务网格平台CROWN,该服务可根据用户应用的特定需求动态透明地部署虚拟执行环境,并根据资源状态自适配调度执行用户任务。并对系统进行了实验分析,实验结果验证了系统的良好可用性和运行性能。     

A meta-model for knowledge configuration management to support collaborative engineering

This paper focuses on industrial design and simulation processes especially in automotive and aerospace areas. Designers use business models (called expert models) such as CAD (computed aided design) and CAE (computed aided engineering) models to optimize and streamline the engineering process. Each expert model contains information such as parameters, expert rules, mathematic relations (parametric models, for example) which are shared by several users and in several different domains (mechanical, thermal, acoustic, fluid, etc.). This information is exploited at the same time in a concurrent engineering context. It is the basis of an imperfect collaboration process due to the fact that existing tools do not manage encapsulated information well and are unable to ensure that parameters and rules are consistent (same value of parameters for example) throughout different heterogeneous expert models. In this context, we propose an approach to manage knowledge using configurations synchronized with expert models which enable designers to use parameters consistently in a collaborative context. Our approach is called KCModel (knowledge configuration model): it allows acquisition, traceability, re-use and consistency of explicit knowledge used in configuration.     

A user requirement driven framework for collaborative design knowledge management

In today’s competitive global marketplace and knowledge-based economy, user requirement becomes an important input information for enterprises to develop new product and a critical factor to drive product collaborative design evolution. Meanwhile, there remains no consensus on how best to support knowledge activities and significant challenges to establishing design information management facing to rapid collaborative product development with dynamic user requirement. This paper introduces solutions for designer to deal with dynamic user requirement information through requirement evaluation and prediction method. In this study, we propose a user requirements-oriented knowledge management concept that is based on a four level hierarchy map model with special regard to knowledge collaboration and information communication. Furthermore, a novel distributed concurrent and interactive user requirement database was constructed, and the framework driven by user requirement was put forward to support collaborative design knowledge management. Finally, the service robot design project of a start-up company is used as a case study to explain the implementation of proposed framework.     

A Web 2.0-based collaborative annotation system for enhancing knowledge sharing in collaborative learning environments

A limitation of current Web-based collaborative learning is the restricted ability of students to create and share individual annotations with annotated documents. Applying Web 2.0 collaborative annotation systems and analyzing students’ annotation behavior has attracted attention to improve collaborative learning. This study designed a personalized annotation management system 2.0 (PAMS 2.0) for managing, sharing, and reusing individual and collaborative annotations as well as providing a shared mechanism for discussion about shared annotations among multiple users.     

A collaborative scheduling GA for products-packages service within extended selling chains environment

The theory of network coordination provides theoretical foundations to explain how companies can overcome organizational boundaries and constraints to jointly manage business processes across their selling chains. In particular, this work focuses on Collaborative Scheduling, a collaboration process whereby selling chain trading partners activate either on-line or off-line inter-firm coordination mechanisms to jointly plan production activities in order to deliver the final products to end customers each one of them, being the delivery date as close to the date desired as possible. The problem of collaborative scheduling is formally defined by means of a mathematical model. In the model, the defined objective function has the goal to minimize the total weighted tardiness of the package of products acquired by the clients to be delivered in a specific date. The delivery date of each Product-Package is conditioned by the latest date established by each supplier for each product that forms part of the same one. Besides, having different process times for each product and different penalties for each Product-Package, each supplier can offer a different mix of additional products with different due date. Due to the complexity of the problem a Genetic Algorithm has been the approach taken for its resolution. The GA elements and procedures are defined and the parameters are tuned. Although the major contribution of this work focuses on the algorithmic development of a proposal in the context of operations research that could help to solve the problem also is discussed the environment in which this occurs and that justifies our interest. In order to validate the proposed solutions diverse configurations are presented and the results obtained by means of the GA and some heuristics rules are compared.     

Active learning through collaborative knowledge building using an automatic free-text scoring system in a b-learning environment

According to active learning, students should be responsible for their own learning. Automatic free-text scoring allows teachers to provide open-ended questions with their correct answers to a computer system, so when students answer the questions, they get immediate feedback (a score, a comment, or both). However, teachers are usually overloaded with many tasks, and they may not have time to create the questions with the correct answers. Therefore, in the 2012/2013 academic year, we asked a group of 124 Pre-Primary and Primary Education students to become the creators of the questions and their correct answers in groups in a free-text scoring system, so the questions use learners’ language, not teachers’ language. From them, 41 students (group of involved students, GIS) fulfilled all the requirements during the course. Our hypothesis was that GIS would be able to increase their academic performance and levels of engagement compared to the rest of the students. The results gathered provide statistic evidence to support that hypothesis. This study pretends to help teachers who want to increase the academic performance and levels of engagement of their students in courses that they may find boring and unrelated to the main topic of their degree, or not directly related with their main academic interests.     

Graph-based reasoning in collaborative knowledge management for industrial maintenance

Capitalization and sharing of lessons learned play an essential role in managing the activities of industrial systems. This is particularly the case for the maintenance management, especially for distributed systems often associated with collaborative decision-making systems. Our contribution focuses on the formalization of the expert knowledge required for maintenance actors that will easily engage support tools to accomplish their missions in collaborative frameworks. To do this, we use the conceptual graphs formalism with their reasoning operations for the comparison and integration of several conceptual graph rules corresponding to different viewpoint of experts. The proposed approach is applied to a case study focusing on the maintenance management of a rotary machinery system.     

Recommender systems for personal knowledge management in collaborative environments

Personal knowledge management (PKM) is different from the traditional centralized knowledge management (KM) modes. The PKM is suitable for distributed collaborative KM environments. This paper makes an explorative study on the PKM, and analyzes various forms of personal knowledge resources in the product development process. Then a model of recommender systems for PKM is proposed for knowledge sharing among members in the collaborative environment. The key function of the PKM recommender systems is to supply potentially useful personal knowledge resources from the sites where these knowledge resources are created to the sites where the members may need the knowledge. The PKM is in a mode of distributed control rather than a mode of centralized control, which is widely used by traditional KM methods and tools. This study paves a way for developing an advanced mode of KM platforms for PKM sharing in collaborative environments.     

协同环境下基于角色任务的个性化服务模型

针对多人协作的动态任务分配、动态资源推送等问题,建立了一种基于角色任务的个性化服务模型以支持网络大规模应用。将工作流中涉及到的用户、角色、任务、资源等要素抽象出来,构建统一的元模型作为整体应用基础;根据每个用户的角色特征、任务负载量等因素建立了针对用户的任务和资源匹配算法,并实时根据协同环境中任务的状态迁移将相关任务和资源推送给用户;通过一个实例来验证该模型的可行性和有效性。结果表明该模型为大规模网络服务应用中的资源推送机制提供了参考实现途径。     

A collaborative methodology for tacit knowledge management: Application to scientific research

Tacit knowledge, which refers to the know-how, is critical to understand and reuse since it is located in the human heads. It represents the foremost element for human and team evaluation. Seeking for tacit knowledge is achieved only by communicating with the concerned persons, which makes losing it axiomatic if people leave their work without documenting their know-how. Thus, providing a collaborative environment based on a common conceptualization of the domain to formalize the experts’ knowledge and to share their outcomes is required. However, some barriers pertaining to cultural and social factors such as personality traits impede capturing the conceptual model. To cope with these issues, we have proposed a generic two-step methodology that copes with human barriers when capturing the domain experts’ tacit knowledge, their skills, and seeds terms in order to converge to a common knowledge representation. Considering the scientific research management as a use case, we followed the proposed methodology to formalize our scientific research knowledge in the context of network and communication research field. Based on the generated ontology, we have developed a semantic web platform that allows collaboratively annotating experts’ knowledge in a computer interpretable format that can be shared and reused by human and machines. Our evaluation is based on end users’ quality of experience and feedbacks.     

A study on the collaborative management method of product design cycle knowledge

Because of the ever-increasing market competition and rapidly changing of customers’ requirements, the innovation quality and design efficiency of knowledge-intensive product has become the key factors in business success. The traditional knowledge management method which is based on design reuse and the single categories of design knowledge cannot satisfy these demands any more. Therefore, in order to effectively support the innovative design process of enterprises, a design knowledge collaborative management method based on multi-knowledge migration is proposed. According to the characteristics and functions during the product design process, the design knowledge is divided into three categories, design principle knowledge, design domain knowledge and design object knowledge. By extracting the operation attributes, relation attributes and physical attributes of the design knowledge, a unified knowledge representation model is established for different design participants. The ontology concept and knowledge matrix are used to establish the association between various categories of design knowledge. Multifarious knowledge search methods include keyword, function, principle and natural semantics are proposed for different design participants in different design stages. They can not only realize the knowledge reuse in the same domain but also support the cross-domain knowledge migration among different domain. Finally, based on the system analysis modelling, a design knowledge collaborative platform is established for the design process of mechanical products. A case study is also presented to illustrate the implementation of the platform.     

COWB: A cloud-based framework supporting collaborative knowledge management within biomedical communities

Despite the large acceptance of Semantic Web technologies and their key role in bioinformatics, some concerns begin to emerge about their suitability for supporting the requirements of collaborative environments where a research community shares and creates new knowledge. The paper discusses these concerns and proposes COWB (COllaborative Workspaces in Biomedicine), a framework which supports collaborative knowledge management in the context of biomedical communities. COWB is grounded on a multi-layer ontology-centric model. It harnesses both the semantic knowledge captured from ontologies and the functional knowledge about resources which extend the domain knowledge and support its management. Public and private workspaces provide an accessible representation of the collective knowledge that is incrementally created and allow the knowledge to cross the boundaries of closed local information. The paper presents the deployment of COWB in a cloud platform which severely curtails issues associated with scalability and performance. The paper shows the suitability of the proposed approach and aims to suggest how exploiting the potential of the Semantic Web technologies in the context of emergent technologies including Web 2.0, NoSQL databases and the cloud paradigm.     

Spatial-aware service management in a pervasive environment

We can perceive the advent of Internet of Things enriched pervasive environments attributed to the fast emerging of embedded and interconnected intelligent devices and sensors. However, most of current pervasive systems are still being developed based on the so-called the system is the application philosophy, causing the developers to take care of all technical details from the ground up. There is relatively little research focuses on building higher-level abstractions so that the burdens of developers can be relieved. The abstraction of a “place,” also known as an “Ambient,” is an essential context information when implementing a pervasive system. The quality of the results of a service composition can be improved if the concept of Ambient is taken into account. This paper aims to investigate the use of Ambient in the pervasive system systematically. We propose several new spatial abstractions and a spatial-aware service management scheme for the Ambient on top of a robust service management protocol. Formal verification, complexity analysis, and experiments are performed to verify the robustness, efficiency, and performance of the proposed approach, respectively.