Microstructure and Properties of Ti and Ti+Nb Ultra-Low Carbon Bake Hardening Steels

 Hot rolling, cold rolling and continuous annealing processes of Ti bearing and Ti+Nb stabilized ultra low carbon bake hardening(ULC-BH) steels were experimentally studied. The microstructure and texture evolution, as well as the morphology, size and distribution of the second phase precipitates during the hot rolling, cold rolling and continuous annealing were also analyzed. The results showed that the size of NbC precipitates in Ti+Nb stabilized ULC-BH steel was smaller than that of TiC precipitates in Ti bearing ULC-BH steel, this caused the average grain size of Ti+Nb stabilized ULC-BH steel to be finer than that of Ti bearing ULC-BH steel, for the yield strength, the former was higher than the latter, but for the r value which reflecting the deep drawing performance, the former was lower than the latter.     

Textures and Properties of Hot Rolled High Strength TiIF Steels

The texture evolution in a high strength TiIF steel during the processing of hot rolling, cold rolling, and annealing is studied. For comparison, both ferrite rolling and austenite rolling are employed. It is found that the texture type is the same after ferrite rolling and austenite rolling, but the texture intensity is much higher in the ferrite rolled sample. Furthermore, texture characteristics at the surface are absolutely different from those at the midsection in both ferrite rolled and austenite rolled samples, as well as under the cold rolled and annealed conditions. The shear texture {110}<001> disappears and orientation rotates along {110}<001>→{554}<225>→{111}<112>→{111}<110>→{223}<110> during cold rolling. Compared to the austenite rolled sample, the properties of the cold rolled and annealed sheet which is subjected to ferrite rolling are higher.     

Development of NbVTi HotRolled High Strength Steel With Fine Ferrite and Precipitation Strengthening

A hotrolled steel with high yield strength of 700 MPa, good elongation of about 20% and low ductilebrittle transition temperature (DBTT) lower than -70 ℃ has been developed in laboratory. The results show that adopting finishing rolling temperature of around 800 ℃ is rational, and coiling temperature is between 400 and 500 ℃. The strength of developed 700 MPa hotrolled high strength steel is derived from the cumulative contribution of fine grain size, dislocation hardening and precipitation hardening. The fine grain strengthening and precipitation hardening are the dominant factors responsible for such high strength, and good elongation and toughness are predominantly due to fine grain ferrite.     

Effects of Heat Treatment Process Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of DP440Cold Rolled Strip

In order to optimize the production process, improve the production efficiency and accelerate the development and application of the domestic dual-phase steel, the effects of heat treatment process parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of DP440 cold rolled strip were studied by the CAS-300 simulated continuous annealing equipment. When the heating rate increased from 5 to 100 ℃/s, both the tensile strength and yield strength increased because of the decreased grain size. When the intercritical annealing temperature increased from 780 to 850 ℃, the martensite content decreased so that the tensile strength decreased first, then increased, and the yield strength increased. When the rapid cooling rate increased from 25 to 100 ℃/s, because the martensite content increased, the tensile strength increased, while the yield strength decreased. When the overaging temperature increased from 260 to 400 ℃, the tensile strength decreased, while the yield strength increased. When the overaging time increased from 240 to 480 s, the tensile strength decreased a little, while the yield strength increased a little.     

Crystallization and Microstructure Evolution of Amorphous Al85 Y4 Nd4 Fe7 Alloy

A rapidly solidified Al85Y4Nd4Fe7(%, in nominal atomic fraction) alloy was prepared by melt spinning. Asquenched and as-annealed microstructures were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction(XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Fully amorphous structure could be obtained in the rapidly solidified Al85Y4Nd4Fe7 alloy ribbons. The temperature of first crystallization exceeds 300℃. Crystallization of as-annealed Al85Y4Nd4Fe7 alloy is shown to occur in two stages : ( 1 ) primary crystallization of α-Al; (2) formation of Al3Y, Al13Fe4 and unknown crystalline phases.     

Microstructure and Wear Properties of Laser Coating Reinforced by Ti（CxN1-x） on Adamite Roller

Fe-based layer with Ti(C_IN_I-x) particulates on Adamite roller surface was obtained by a 5 kW traverse-flowing CO₂ laser cladding technology. The microstructures of the layer were detected by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron probe microscopy analysis (EMPA). The tests of wear resistance was carried out on the test machine. It was seen that a good metallurgical bonding between the coating and the substrate was achieved. The microstructure contains bulky dendritic crystal and small size Ti(C_IN_I-x) grains that are uniformly distributed in the solid solution matrix. The wear tests showed that the laser coating provided an excellent wear resistance property at room temperature.     

Changes of Structure and Magnetic Properties during Crystallization in Cast Nd60Fe20Al8Co10B2 Alloy

The Nd60Fe20Al8Co10B2 alloy was prepared by suction casting of the molten alloy into a copper mold under argon atmosphere. The micro-structural and magnetic property changes in the Nd60Fe20Al8Co10B2 alloy during crystallization were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The precipitation and Nd-rich and Fe-rich phases have no significant effect on the intrinsic coercitity for Nd60Fe20Al8Co10B2 alloy annealed below 723 K. However, the growth of Fe-rich phase decreases the saturate magnetization and remanence of the alloy. The hard magnetic behavior is disappeared when the alloy is fullycrystallized.     

Influence of Solution Treatment on Microstructure of AEREX350 Alloy

The microstructure of hot rolled AEREX350 alloy under various solution treatments was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). It was found that with increasing solution temperature,η phase precipitated firstly at grain boundaries in parallel at 800℃ and then within grains at about 980℃. The η phase precipitated at grain boundaries played a role in preventing the migration of grain boundaries,and the η phase precipitated within grains would form Widmannsttten structure with further increasing solution temperature. η phase precipitated at grain boundaries was dissolved at temperature ranging from 1080℃ to 1095℃,resulting in grain growth promptly owing to release of the pinning effect on grain boundaries. γ' phase precipitated during the process of air cooling after hot rolling and dissolved at temperature ranging between 1010℃ and 1020℃.     

Effect of cerium content on microstructure and hydrogen storage performance of Ti24Cr17.5V50Fe8.5Cex（x=0-1.0） alloys

Effect of Ce addition on microstructure and hydrogen storage performance of Ti24Cr17.5V50Fe8.5Cex (x=0, 0.5at.%, 0.8at.% and 1.0at.%) alloys was studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and P-C-isotherm measurements. The results indicated that Ce addition was a useful way to improve the flatness of the plateau and increase hydrogen storage capacity of Ti24Cr17.5V50Fe8.5 alloy. It was indicated that both homogenization of composition and increase of hydrogen diffusion coefficient were the main reasons for improving the hydrogen storage performance of Ti24Cr17.5V50Fe8.5Cex alloys.     

Microstructure and Properties of Hot Rolled Ti-23Al-17Nb Alloy Sheets

Microstructure and tensile properties of Ti-23Al-17Nb (at%) alloy sheets rolled in (α2+B2+O) phase field with the various heat treatments were studied.Before rolling the microstructure of the billet is B2 phase particles embedded in O phase continuity matrix.The B2 phases are deformed more greatly than α2/O phases during the same rolling step.The (α2+B2) two-phase equiaxed microstructure can be obtained by solution treatment in (α2+B2) phase field.The B2 phases become the continuous matrix by recrystallizat...     

Ti-6Al-7Nb钛合金热加工与热处理工艺研究

研究了Ti-6Al-7Nb合金不同热加工与热处理工艺引起的显微组织和力学性能变化，探讨该合金组织变化的特点和性能变化的内在规律。结果表明，在工业化生产条件下，Nb元素添加采用铌钛中间合金，选用适宜的铸锭熔炼工艺参数，可以获得成分均匀、无富Nb偏析的优质铸锭。在两相区锻造或轧制后坯料在700℃～800℃范围内退火，合金组织与性能均能满足ASTM和ISO标准要求。     

Ti-22Al-25Nb合金线性摩擦焊接头组织织构研究

利用扫描电镜,电子显微镜测试技术观察与分析Ti-22Al-25Nb合金线性摩擦焊接头的组织特征和织构分布。扫描电镜结果表明,焊接接头主要分为三个区域,分别是焊缝区,热力影响区和母材区。动态再结晶发生在焊缝区,组织以细小的B₂ 相为主,α₂相和O相的数量相对较少;热力影响区由于温度低于焊缝区,仅有少量的α₂相和O相转变为B₂相,且形态变化不大。EBSD结果表明,母材中的晶体学取向在经历了焊接过程后,无法遗传到最终的焊缝组织当中,焊缝区形成{110}<100>B₂相织构。     

热处理温度对Ti-6Al-7Nb合金组织与性能的影响

为揭示Ti-6Al-7Nb合金显微组织、力学性能及相组成随热处理温度的变化规律,研究了合金在650～1 030℃热处理空冷条件下的组织演变,并进行了室温力学性能测试与XRD分析。结果表明:对于Ti-6Al-7Nb合金,经650℃热处理后,热加工得到的原β转变组织中析出了细小的α相,合金的强度和弹性模量有所提高。在700～850℃之间进行热处理,可以获得良好的综合性能,满足医用钛合金相关标准要求。在950～1 030℃范围内,随着热处理温度的升高,析出二次针状α相或生成α'马氏体相,呈现强度上升、塑性下降的趋势。经650、850℃热处理后,XRD图谱中均为α相的衍射峰,未出现β相的衍射峰。1 030℃热处理后,α'相具有较强的(002)、(101)衍射峰,其他晶面的衍射峰强度很弱,合金弹性模量可达108 GPa。     

时效处理对Ti-22Al-25Nb合金线性摩擦焊接头组织和力学性能的影响

对Ti-22Al-25Nb合金线性摩擦焊接头进行840℃×2 h的时效处理,研究了焊接头的组织和力学性能。结果表明,焊接头主要分为3个区域,分别是焊缝区、热力影响区和母材区。焊缝区组织以B2相为主,α2相和O相的数量相对较少。热力影响区仅有少量的α2相和O相转变为B2相,且α2相形态变化不大。EBSD分析结果表明,母材的晶体学取向无法遗传到最终的焊缝组织中。经过840℃时效处理后,焊缝区发生了动态再结晶并析出了O相。在热力影响区,α2相的分解并不充分,可以观察到rim-O相围绕α2相析出。母材区O相有所长大,而α2相的形态无明显变化。时效处理之后细晶强化与O相的析出强化作用显著提高了焊接头的力学性能。     

非晶SiO_2涂层的制备及其对Ti-22Al-26Nb合金的高温防护

:以商业硅胶为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法在Ti-22Al-26Nb合金表面浸涂制备非晶氧化硅涂层.涂层样品和空白样品在800和900 ℃静态空气中进行等温氧化实验,900 ℃静态空气中进行循环氧化实验.采用热重分析(TGA)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)对结果进行分析,研究涂层对Ti-22Al-26Nb合金氧化行为的影响.结果表明:涂层样品的氧化抛物线速率常数较空白样品降低,涂层提高了合金在空气中的抗氧化能力.合金表面生成氧化膜主要由TiO2,Nb2TiO7和AlNbO4组成,涂层抑制了氧化物的生长.探讨了涂层的作用机制.     

Ti-22Al-25Nb合金板条组织高温高周疲劳行为

研究了双尺寸板条组织的Ti-22Al-25Nb合金在650 ℃和700 ℃下的高周疲劳行为,采用升降法测试了合金的高温高周疲劳强度极限,当应力比R=-1,循环周次Nf=107次时,650 ℃和700 ℃的疲劳强度极限分别为470 MPa和400 MPa。对于双板条组织的Ti-22Al-25Nb合金,其疲劳裂纹既可萌生于试样表面,也可萌生于次表面,并且高周疲劳裂纹在次表面形核的试样具有更高的疲劳寿命。此外,研究发现双尺寸板条组织在高温高周疲劳损伤过程中以胞状析出的形式发生B2→β+O相变,形成组织中的不均匀区域,促使疲劳裂纹在此优先形核。     

热处理对Ti-6Al-4V ELI合金厚板组织与性能的影响

研究了热处理对Ti-6Al-4V超低间隙（ELI）合金厚板组织与性能的影响。结果表明，Ti-6Al-4V ELI合金经α＋β区热处理后得到双态组织，强度、塑性都较高；经β区热处理后得到片层组织，细片层组织强度较高。片层粗化后，强度降低。当片层尺寸小于某一临界值（-5μm）时，延伸率随着片层的粗化升高，当片层继续粗化时，延伸率反而下降。     

Ti-6Al-4V ELI合金板材的显微组织与力学性能研究

研究了Ti-6Al-4V ELI合金板材的显微组织与力学性能。结果表明:双态组织,强度、塑性都比较高;而对于片层组织,随着片层的粗化,强度降低,延伸率先升高后降低,面缩呈下降趋势。片层粗化,抵抗裂纹穿越、迫使裂纹拐弯能力增大,提高了断裂韧性。     

Ti-6Al-4V合金绝热剪切带的演化

利用分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)技术,对双态组织和片层组织Ti-6Al-4V合金帽形试样进行动态加载实验,通过控制加载时间(50,60和80μs)来研究绝热剪切带随时间的演化过程.微观分析结果表明:两种组织中绝热剪切带的宽度有一个发展过程,随着入射波加载时间的延长,绝热剪切带逐渐变宽;当加载时间为60μs时,两种组织钛合金中的绝热剪切带演化过程相同,均是在剪切应力下微观组织的拉长、细化和碎化;当加载时间为80μs时,双态组织中绝热剪切带的演化过程仍然是带内晶粒的进一步细化,而片层组织中的绝热剪切带中可能发生了动态再结晶.绝热剪切带演化过程的不同导致了绝热剪切带宽度的差异.