Algorithmic Foundations of Creation of an Intelligent Software Tool for Investigation and Solution of Cauchy Problems for Systems of Ordinary Differential Equations

Methods are proposed for computer investigation of properties of systems of ordinary differential equations. Based on these methods, algorithms are created for computation of the value of the integration step that provides the stability of a numerical method and obtaining its results with a preassigned accuracy. The components and modes of operation of an intelligent software tool supporting the proposed methods are presented.     

关于科学计算用数字电子计算机字长问题

本文将对大型数字计算机的字长、计算速度和内存之间的匹配关系式作了简化的研究,以便简便、粗略地估计有效位数的可能值和相应速度下计算机的字长。本文还对若干实际数字试验结果进行了讨论。     

Machine mathematics: Problems and prospects

Pitfalls are considered that arise during the implementation of theoretically justified algorithms of computational mathematics in solving scientific and technical problems and lead to computer solutions that have no physical meaning.Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 6, pp. 65–72, November–December 2004.This revised version was published online in April 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

Attitudes towards software piracy in South Africa: Knowledge of Intellectual Property Laws as a moderator

The aims of the study were to describe the relationship between all three of Kohlberg's levels of moral development and attitudes towards software piracy as well as to determine if an individual's Knowledge of Intellectual Property Laws moderated this relationship. The research exploring moral development and attitudes towards software piracy is limited in that the results are inconclusive and often do not assess higher levels of moral development. In this study, we explore some of the early antecedent relationships in the theory of reasoned action. An exploratory, non-experimental, cross-sectional survey design was used and a questionnaire containing three scales (attitudes towards software piracy, levels of moral development and Knowledge of Intellectual Property Laws) were obtained from a sample of 402 respondents from three medium-sized South African organisations and from an online survey on a prominent South African online information technology magazine. The results indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between the respondents’ attitudes to software piracy and levels of moral development. Additionally, there are significant relationships between attitudes towards software piracy and each of the levels of moral development. Level 2 moral development predicted the most amount of variance in attitudes towards software piracy. The moderated multiple linear regression revealed that the Knowledge of Intellectual Property Laws did not have a moderating effect on the relationship between attitudes towards software piracy and moral development. These findings provide a more in-depth analysis of the relationship between attitudes and levels of moral development with respect to software piracy.     

Component-Based Derivation of a Parallel Stiff ODE Solver Implemented in a Cluster of Computers

A component-based methodological approach to derive distributed implementations of parallel ODE solvers is proposed. The proposal is based on the incorporation of explicit constructs for performance polymorphism into a methodology to derive group parallel programs of numerical methods from SPMD modules. These constructs enable the structuring of the derivation process into clearly defined steps, each one associated with a different type of optimization. The approach makes possible to obtain a flexible tuning of a parallel ODE solver for several execution contexts and applications. Following this methodological approach, a relevant parallel numerical scheme for solving stiff ODES has been optimized and implemented on a PC cluster. This numerical scheme is obtained from a Radau IIA Implicit Runge–Kutta method and exhibits a high degree of potential parallelism. Several numerical experiments have been performed by using several test problems with different structural characteristics. These experiments show satisfactory speedup results.     

A critical review of proprietary software protection

The purpose of this paper is to delineate primarily the present state of U.S. patents, copyright and trade secrets to the area of computer software. These three areas were chosen because the protection afforded by them is the greatest and because the application of these laws is pretty much unique as applied to software. A brief mention will be given to the law of contracts (contractual agreements), but an analysis of this area is not required because the application of the law of contracts to software is not unique. The paper ends with a brief look at the Doctrine of Unfair Competition, ethical considerations and finally presenting various proposals that have been made to help rectify the problem of proprietary software protection.     

面向对象软件度量工具的研究与实现

利用软件度量工具对程序源代码的各类质量属性度量已是提高程序质量的一个重要方法,文章提出了一个以中间件为核心适用于多种面向对象程序设计语言的软件度量工具的灵活的软件结构,同时介绍了自行设计实现的度量工具,最后指出了下一步的的研究方向。     

基于XML的API自动化测试工具设计与实现

在研究应用编程接口(API)测试特点的基础上,运用软件测试技术与方法对API进行了正确性测试,设计了API自动化测试框架,采用XML语言进行API自动化测试工具的设计和实现方案。使用该工具可在API信息提取、测试用例生成及测试用例执行、测试报告生成等方面实现自动化。该工具主要用于验证第三方提供的API,由于单元测试中较多地使用了API测试,因此也可运用于软件的单元测试。     

SMS软件流水调度算法的设计与实现

循环是程序中的热代码,对循环进行有效的优化可以显著缩短程序的执行时间。软件流水是一种开发循环体指令级并行的细粒度循环优化技术,它通过调度循环中连续迭代之间的指令使其并行执行,从而提高了循环的执行效率。实验数据表明,用Cerngoop程序包进行测试,循环优化效果明显。     

热电偶冷端温度智能补偿与检测

介绍了具有热电偶冷端温度智能补偿的温度检测系统的组成和功能 ,重点阐述了以单片机为核心构成热电偶冷端温度智能补偿的原理和特点 ,说明了软件功能。最后给出了实践结果及主要性能指标。     

计算机软件安全检测存在的问题及应对措施

近年来,计算机科学的发展速度越来越快,人们在日常生活中越发离不开计算机。而随着计算机技术的发展,计算机软件开发不断提速,随之产生了大量的问题。其中,鉴于计算机软件安全的重要性,安全检测工作不容忽视。现有的计算机软件安全检测方法存在不少的问题。如果能够对计算机软件进行合理的检测,势必会降低故障率,这对计算机软件安全来说有非常重要的意义。     

CASE工具国外使用问题及我们应采取的相应对策

本文针对国外在使用计算机辅助软件工程(CASE)工具时存在的CASE无用现象原因的分析,结合我国的具体情况,提出了一些相应的对策以将CASE工具在我国软件行业应用时的问题减少到最小。     

工件工序可并行的作业车间调度模型与求解

针对传统作业车间调度模型没有考虑工件工序存在并行性的不足,提出一种以最小化完工时间为目标的工件工序可并行作业车间调度模型,且在模型中考虑了工序加工设备柔性;设计了基于遗传算法的调度算法,其中染色体编码采用分段编码方式,并提出一种适用于工件工序存在并行性的染色体解码方法.实验结果表明,文中算法能够有效地解决工件工序可并行的作业车间调度问题.     

大模型: 基于自然交互的人机协同软件开发与演化工具带来的挑战

以自然语言生成为核心的大模型技术正在人工智能领域掀起热潮,并持续向更多的领域穿透其影响力.以ChatGPT为代表的自然语言生成大模型(以下简称大模型),已经在软件工程的多项活动中展示出其通过自然交互方式给人提供一定程度帮助的能力和潜力,正在发展成为一种基于自然交互的人机协同软件开发与演化工具.从人机协同软件开发与演化的视角,大模型作为一种软件工具呈现出了两大特征:其一是基于自然语言的人机交互,在相当大程度上拓展了人机协同的工作空间、提高了人机协同的效率和灵活性;其二是基于已积累的软件开发和演化知识、针对给定软件开发和演化任务的预测性内容生成,可以对软件开发和演化工作提供一定程度的支持和帮助.然而,由于大模型本质是基于概率与统计原理和训练数据所形成的数学模型,具有不可解释性和内生不确定性,其生成的是缺失可信性判断的预测性内容,而人在软件开发与演化中所需要完成的是具有可信保障的决策性任务,所以大模型作为一种软件工具,在人机协同的软件开发和演化工作环境中给人提供帮助的同时,也带来了诸多的挑战.围绕如何构造对软件开发与演化更有帮助的代码大模型、如何引导大模型生成对软件开发与演化更有帮助的预测性...     

医疗设备配套电脑的管理与维修

本文拟从采购、管理与硬盘数据备份、维修、更换几个步骤谈一下自己的经验。     

三网合一主要技术问题及解决方案

本文详细分析了我国当前计算机网络通信三网并立的现状及其发展趋势，以及三网合一宽带化时所面临的宽带传输、宽带交换、宽带接入等主要技术问题，通过IP、MPLS等技术解决难题的可能和解决方案，并指出了把通信、广播电视、计算机、多媒体等各种信息服务纳入统一的网络是今后网络建设的潮流和需求。基于光纤的宽带IP网代表了今后网络发展的方向，随着技术的发展和社会的进步，三网合一终将实现。     

科技论文英文摘要撰写规范化问题

针对国内科技论文英文摘要这一应用文件在撰写中产生的错误现象。本文仅对《数据采集与处理》英文摘要作出例析,并试图探讨撰写规范。基于常规英文写作知识,从美国工程索引（Ei)英文摘要撰写规范与检索要求出发,提出英文摘要撰写中可把握的若干实用规则,同时较完整地介绍了Ei英文摘要的撰写规范,以求解决科技论文英文摘要撰写规范化问题。     

计算机在精神病学应用中存在的问题及解决对策

通过对我国计算机在精神病学中的调查 ,发现在精神病学的计算机研究方面存在诸多的问题 ,要想加快发展 ,就必须正确认识其核心本质 ,找出原因 ,探索对策 ,对发展我国电子计算机技术在精神病学应用中的对策进行了详细的分析     

预付费燃气智能管理系统设计与实现

介绍了一种预付费燃气智能管理系统的软硬件设计和具体实现.IC卡是目前应用较为广泛的应用于电子票据的一种智能卡.系统采用了逻辑加密存储卡SLE4442作为传递信息的媒介,通过卡表管理系统将用户的购气等信息写入卡中,然后通过PIC16F877单片机作为控制核心,读取卡内信息并根据该信息来智能控制燃气阀门.该系统只要稍加修改就可以应用于各种小额的收费管理系统中.     

台式计算机液态金属冷却系统设计及评估

针对高集成度计算机芯片产生的高热流问题,常规的散热方法如空气冷却、水冷等已达到其冷却极限,近期液态金属芯片散热方法的提出为解决上述难题提供了新的可能。本文研制出一套可用于台式电脑的液态金属冷却系统,并对其联机后的实际应用性能进行了初步评估,测试结果表明液态金属冷却系统能有效地将台式计算机产生的热量带走。本文的工作系液态金属散热方法运行于实际计算机热管理的首次报道,可望为液态金属芯片散热技术的进一步实用化打下基础。