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1.
Bertram I. Cohen Nariman Ayyad Takahiro Mikami Yasuko Mikami Erwin H. Mosbach 《Lipids》1994,29(7):503-508
Sterol balance studies, using both isotopic and chromatographic techniques, were carried out in hamsters fed semipurified
diets to detect changes in sterol metabolism during the early period of the lithogenic stimulus. The balance studies examined
animals in the first two weeks on the experimental lithogenic diets. The variables were as follows: dose of cholesterol (group
1, 0.05% vs. group 2, 0.2%); dietary fat (fatty acid) (group 2, butterfat vs. group 4, palmitic acid); source of hamster [group
2, Sasco (Omaha, NE) vs. group 3, Charles River (Wilmington, MA)]; average weight of animals (group 4, 60 g vs. group 5, 119
g). Animals in groups 1, 2, 3 and 5 maintained almost constant weight throughout the two-week balance study. Liver and plasma
cholesterol levels increased in groups 2–5 with increasing dose of dietary cholesterol. The highest levels were found in group
4 (liver cholesterol, 32.7 mg/g; plasma cholesterol, 367 mg/dL). Sterol balance measurements showed that bile acid synthesis
remained low (range 0.55–1.01 mg/d) for all groups regardless of the intake of dietary cholesterol (range, 3.27–20.90 mg/d).
The dietary cholesterol absorbed from the intestine (range, 2.91–18.91 mg/d) was stored in the liver; this storage was reflected
in the negative values for cholesterol balance for all groups (range, −0.70 to −14.97 mg/d). These studies did not reveal
any correlations between parameters of sterol balance and cholelithiasis. 相似文献
2.
In this investigation, we demonstrate that rat liver epithelial (WB-F344) cells grown in medium supplemented with n−3 fatty
acids (FA) results in the inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC). Cells incubated for 48 hr in medium
containing 50 μM α-linolenate (18∶3n−3) resulted in a 60% inhibition of GJIC, compared to control cells, while treatment with
γ-linolenate (18∶3n−6) had no effect. Supplementation with octadecatetraenoate (18∶4n−3), eicosapentaenoate (20∶5n−3), and
docosahexaenoate (22∶6n−3), inhibited GJIC by 42%, 28%, and 18%, respectively. Incubation with each of the n−3 FA markedly
increased the total n−3 FA content of cellular phospholipids (PL). Growing cells in medium containing 50 μM arachidonate (20∶4n−6)
plus 50 μM 18∶3n−3 partially attenuated the inhibition of GJIC induced by 18∶3n−3. The mechanism by which n−3 FA inhibit GJIC
remains to be determined. 相似文献
3.
Fernstrom JD 《Lipids》1999,34(2):161-169
Diets deficient in linoleic acid (18∶2n−6), or that have unusual ratios of linoleic acid to α-linolenic acid (18∶3n−3) induce
changes in the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition of neuronal and glial membranes. Such changes have been linked
to alterations in retina and brain function. These functional effects are presumed to follow from the biochemical consequences
of modifying membrane PUFA content; known effects include modifications in membrane fludity, in the activities of membrane-associated,
functional proteins (transporters, receptors, enzymes), and in the production of important signaling molecules from oxygenated
linoleic and α-linolenic acid derivatives. However, despite the demonstration that central nervous system function changes
when dietary PUFA intake is altered, and that in general, membrane PUFA content influences membrane functions, little work
has focused specifically on brain and retina to reveal the underlying biochemical bases for such effects. This review examines
this issue, looking at known effects of dietary PUFA on neurons in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, and attempts
to identify some approaches that might promote productive investigation into the underlying mechanisms relating changes in
dietary PUFA intake to alterations in neuronal and overall nervous system functioning. 相似文献
4.
The objective of the present studies was to examine the effect of dietary fat on the lipid composition of rat colonocytes
and their utilization of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Rats were fed 14% beef fat, fish oil or safflower oil plus 2% corn
oil in a semi-synthetic base diet for 4 wk. Colonocytes were isolated and their lipid composition was examined. Feeding beef
fat and fish oil resulted in an increase in monounsaturated fatty acids and a reduction in ω-6 fatty acids. Feeding fish oil
resulted in an enrichment with ω-3 fatty acids. These was no dietary influence on the amount of either cholesterol or phospholipids
of colonocytes. Fish oil feeding resulted in significant increase in colonocyte free fatty acids (FFA) as compared to other
diets. Dietary fat was found to have no effect on SCFA utilization by colonocytes. Colonocytes were found to utilize SCFA
in the order of butyrate ≥acetate ≥propionate. The presence of acetate and propionate in the medium had no effect on the rate
of butyrate utilization. 相似文献
5.
J. Bitman T. R. Wrenn D. L. Wood G. C. Mustakas E. C. Baker W. J. Wolf 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1975,52(10):415-418
Raw, commercial, and extrusion cooked full fat soy flours were treated with formaldehyde and then fed to dairy cows. This treatment protected the polyunsaturated fats of the soy from hydrogenation by microbial action in the cow’s rumen. With all of these materials, higher than usual amounts of polyunsaturated fats were incorporated into the milk. In a screening test limited to one cow, an advantage as measured by milk yield, fat yield, protein, solids-not-fat, and increased milk fat C18:2 was seen for the formaldehyde treated, full fat soy flour. The percentage of linoleic acid more than doubled in the milk fat of cows receiving the protected products. Only very slight quantities of formaldehyde (0.1–0.2 ppm) were found in the milk. The efficiency of transfer of the C18:2 from the feed to milk was ca. 37%. This represented a marked improvement over previous trials in which we fed expensive safflower oil-casein-formaldehyde supplements. 相似文献
6.
Unsaturated fatty acids can be protected from ruminal hydrogenation, and, when fed to lactating ruminants, the constituent
acids are incorporated into milk triacylglycerols. By this means, it has been possible to reduce the melting point of milk
triglycerides and to make softer butter fat. This report shows that, by feeding small amounts of protected cyclopropene fatty
acids, one is also able to make harder butter fat.Sterculia foetida seed oil, a rich source of cyclopropene fatty acids, was emulsified with casein and spray dried to yield a free flowing dry
powder. When this material was treated with formaldehyde and fed to lactating goats (ca. 1 g cyclopropene fatty acids per
day), there were substantial increases in the proportions of stearic acid and decreases in the proportions of oleic acid in
milk fat. Similar results were obtained when the formaldehyde-treated supplements were fed to lactating cows (ca. 3 g cyclopropene
fatty acids per day). The effect was considerably less apparent when theS. foetida seed oilcasein supplement was not treated with formaldehyde, suggesting that cyclopropene fatty acids are hydrogenated in
the rumen as are other unsaturated fatty acids. The effect of feeding protected cyclopropene fatty acids on the stearic: oleic
ratio in milk fat is probably due to cyclopropene-mediated inhibition of the mammary desaturase enzymes. 相似文献
7.
In this study we examined (i) the effects of cyclosporine A (CS) on tissue lipid composition and (ii) the effect of changes
in dietary n−6 fatty acids on tissue responses to CS. Fatty acid composition of liver, kidney, heart and brain were determined
after 4 wk of treatment with CS (10 mg/kg·d p.o.) in male borderline hypertensive rats (BHR, n=4/group), whose diet was supplemented
with either safflower oil or evening primrose oil (EPO). Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine/phosphatidylinositol,
triglyceride and cholesteryl ester fatty acids were measured in kidney, heart, brain and liver. The same parameters were also
measured in safflower-fed BHR (n=4) receiving placebo. The effects of CS on liver microsomal Δ9, Δ6 and Δ5 desaturasesin vitro were also followed. CS affected the fatty acid composition of all tissues examined, with the greatest changes seen in the
renal phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine/phosphatidylinositol fractions. All CS-induced changes that occurred in the
liver, brain and renal fatty acids were reversed by EPO. CS elevated Δ9 desaturase but had no effect on Δ6 and Δ5 desaturase.
In light of (i) the observation that EPO normalizes renal function and blood pressure in CS-treated BHR, and (ii) the importance
of the kidney in blood pressure regulation, the data suggest that the beneficial effects of EPO on CS toxicity may involve
changes in renal phospholipid fatty acid profiles. 相似文献
8.
Raymond Reiser H. G. Ramakrishna Reddy 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1956,33(4):155-156
Summary Goats were fed alfalfa meal containing 10% cottonseed or linseed oil. After 11 weeks the fatty acids of rumen, stomach, and
caecum contents were compared to those of the feed.
It was found that the high levels of linoleic and linolenic acis of the feed were reduced to very low levels in the rumen,
with comparable increases in the saturated acids. Monoethenoid acids were increased after linseed oil ingestion and in one
animal after cottonseed oil ingestion.
The ratio of monoethenoid to saturated acids in the rumen fat was lower than in the endogenous fat of nonruminant animals.
This explains the paradox of the low ratio in the depot fat of ruminants even after the ingestion of highly unsaturated fats.
Supported, in part, by a grant from the Office of Naval Research.
Scholar of the government of Mysore, India. 相似文献
9.
Effects of dietary phenolic compounds on tocopherol, cholesterol, and fatty acids in rats 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The effects of the phenolic compounds butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), sesamin (S), curcumin (CU), and ferulic acid (FA) on
plasma, liver, and lung concentrations of α- and γ-tocopherols (T), on plasma and liver cholesterol, and on the fatty acid
composition of liver lipids were studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Test compounds were given to rats ad libitum for 4 wk at 4 g/kg diet, in a diet low but adequate in vitamin E (36 mg/kg of γ-T and 25 mg/kg of α-T) and containing 2 g/kg
of cholesterol. BHT significantly reduced feed intake (P<0.05) and body weight and increased feed conversion ratio; S and BHT caused a significant enlargement of the liver (P<0.001), whereas CU and FA did not affect any of these parameters. The amount of liver lipids was significantly lowered by
BHT (P<0.01) while the other substances reduced liver lipid concentrations but not significantly. Regarding effects on tocopherol
levels, (i) feeding of BHT resulted in a significant elevation (P<0.001) of α-T in plasma, liver, and lung, while γ-T values remained unchanged; (ii) rats provided with the S diet had substantially
higher γ-T levels (P<0.001) in plasma, liver, and lung, whereas α-T levels were not affected; (iii) administration of CU raised the concentration
of α-T in the lung (P<0.01) but did not affect the plasma or liver values of any of the tocopherols; and (iv) FA had no effect on the levels of
either homolog in the plasma, liver, or lung. The level of an unknown substance in the liver was significantly reduced by
dietary BHT (P<0.001). BHT was the only compound that tended to increase total cholesterol (TC) in plasma, due to an elevation of cholesterol
in the very low density lipoprotein + low density lipoprotein (VLDL+LDL) fraction. S and FA tended to lower plasma total and
VLDL+LDL cholesterol concentrations, but the effect for CU was statistically significant (P<0.05). FA increased plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol while the other compounds reduced it numerially, but not
significantly. BHT, CU, and S reduced cholesterol levels in the liver TC (P<0.001) and percentages of TC in liver lipids (P<0.05). With regard to the fatty acid composition of liver lipids, S increased the n-6/n-3 and the 18∶3/20∶5 polyunsaturated
fatty acids (PUFA) ratios, and BHT lowered total monounsaturated fatty acids and increased total PUFA (n−6+n−3). The effects
of CU and FA on fatty acids were not highly significant. These results suggest some in vivo interactions between these phenolic compounds and tocopherols that may increase the bioavailability of vitamin E and decrease
cholesterol in rats. 相似文献
10.
William S. Stark Teng-Nan Lin David Brackhahn J. Scott Christianson Grace Y. Sun 《Lipids》1993,28(4):345-350
Lipids ofDrosophila heads were extracted and separated by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. Fatty acid compositions of major phospholipids
as well as of triglycerides were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. Proportions of the major fatty acids (14∶0, 16∶0,
16∶1, 18∶0, 18∶1, 18∶2, 18∶3) varied depending on the lipid analyzed. Docosahexaenoic acid (22∶6), common in vertebrate photoreceptors
and brain, and arachidonic acid (20∶4), a precursor of eicosanoids, were lacking. A comparison of the fatty acid composition
of the dietvs. the head suggested thatDrosophila can desaturete but may not be able to elongate fatty acid carbon chains. Fatty acid analyses were carried out after the following
visual system alterations: i) the transduction mutant whereno receptorpotential results from a deficit in phospholipase C; ii) an allele ofeyes absent; iii) the mutantouterrhabdomeresabsent which lacks visual pigment and rhabdomeres in the predominant type of compound eye receptor, rhabdomeres 1 through 6;
and iv) carotenoid deprivation which reduces opsin and rhabdomere size. We also evaluated aging by comparing newly-emergedvs. aged wild-type flies. Alterations in fatty acid composition based on some of these manipulations were found. Based on comparisons
between flies reared on media differing in C16 and C18, there is an indication that diet readily affects tissue fatty acid composition. 相似文献
11.
This study examined the effect on the plasma lipids and plasma phospholipid and cholesteryl ester fatty acids of changing
from a typical western diet to a very low fat (VLF) vegetarian diet containing one egg/day. The effect of the addition of
saturated, monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) to the VLF diet was also examined. Three groups of 10 subjects (6
women, 4 men) were fed the VLF diet (10% energy as fat) for two weeks, and then in the next two weeks the dietary fat in each
group was increased by 10% energy/week using butter, olive oil or safflower oil. The fat replaced dietary carbohydrate. The
VLF diet reduced both the low density lipoprotein (LDL)-and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels; addition of
the monounsaturated fats and PUFA increased the HDL-cholesterol levels, whereas butter increased the cholesterol levels in
both the LDL- and HDL-fractions. The VLF diet led to significant reductions in the proportion of linoleic acid (18∶2ω6) and
eicosapentaenoic acid (20∶5ω3) and to increases in palmitoleic (16∶1), eicosatrienoic (20∶3ω6) and arachidonic acids (20∶4ω6)
in both phospholipids and cholesteryl esters. Addition of butter reversed the changes seen on the VLF diet, with the exception
of 16∶1, which remained elevated. Addition of olive oil resulted in a significant rise in the proportion of 18∶1 and significant
decreases in all ω3 PUFA except 22∶6 compared with the usual diet. The addition of safflower oil resulted in significant increases
in 18∶2 and 20∶4ω6 and significant decreases in 18∶1, 20∶5ω3 and 22∶5ω3. These results indicate that the reduction of saturated
fat content of the diet (<6% dietary energy), either by reducing the total fat content of the diet or by exchanging saturated
fat with unsaturated fat, reduced the total plasma cholesterol levels by approximately 12% in normocholesterolemic subjects.
Although the VLF vegetarian diet reduced both LDL- and HDL-cholesterol levels, the long-term effects of VLF diets are unlikely
to be deteterious since populations which habitually consume these diets have low rates of coronary heart disease. The addition
of safflower oil or olive oil to a VLF diet produced favorable changes in the lipoprotein lipid profile compared with the
addition of butter. The VLF diets and diets rich in butter, olive oil or safflower oil had different effects on the 20 carbon
eicosanoid precursor fatty acids in the plasma. This suggests that advice on plasma lipid lowering should also take into account
the effect of the diet on the fatty acid profile of the plasma lipids. 相似文献
12.
Sven Dnicke Heinz Jeroch Wolfgang Bttcher Mike R. Bedford Ortwin Simon 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》1999,101(3):90-100
A complete two by two by four factorial design was used to examine the main effects of dietary fat type (10% soy oil or 10% beef tallow), xylanase supplementation (with or without Avizyme 1300 at 1 g/kg diet), and pentosan level (calculated values: 7.7 g/kg, 11.0 g/kg, 14.3 g/kg, and 17.6 g/kg soluble pentosans, respectively, by varying wheat/rye proportions) as well as their interactions on intestinal chyme conditions, fat and fatty acid digestibility, fatty acid profile, and vitamin E content of livers in broilers. Jejunal and ileal supernatant viscosity increased in an exponential manner as dietary pentosan concentration was increased. This increase was most pronounced in enzyme unsupplemented, tallow-fed birds but was also found in enzyme-treated groups albeit at a much lower level. Lipase activity in jejunal samples was significantly enhanced in broilers fed tallow-containing and unsupplemented rye-based diet (17.6 g/kg soluble pentosans). Digestibility of fat at the terminal ileum was significantly decreased as dietary pentosan concentration was increased and significantly improved by xylanase addition, this effect being most apparent in tallow-fed birds. In addition, enzyme effects became greater at higher pentosan concentrations. Generally, fatty acid digestibilities responded in a similar manner. Saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic acid) responded mostly to dietary treatments compared with unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid), and fatty acids derived from tallow were more affected than those from soy oil. Xylanase supplementation shifted absorption of both into the more proximal regions. Vitamin E content of livers was significantly improved by xylanase addition but not influenced by the other dietary treatments. The fatty acid profile of liver lipids was markedly affected by dietary fat type but the effects of pentosan concentration and of xylanase supplementation were not always consistent. 相似文献
13.
14.
María T. Mitjavila María C. Rodríguez María P. Sáiz Sergio Lloret Juan J. Moreno 《Lipids》1996,31(6):661-666
Cells from rats fed with a tripalmitin diet showed a depletion of phospholipid arachidonate and n-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic
and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA and DHA). In rats fed fish oil diet, a significant reduction in archidonic acid (AA) content
was observed whereas EPA and DHA were incorporated into membranes lipids. These changes in lipid composition of membranes
did not affect cellular adherence, phagocytic capability, or [3H]AA incorporation. However, both tripalmitin and fish oil diets induced a decrease in [3H]AA mobilization stimulated by 4β-phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate, A23187, or opsonized-zymosan in rat peritoneal macrophages.
These results demonstrate that the antiinflammatory effects of essential fatty acids deficiency or n-3 enrichment diets may
be associated with a decreased AA mobilization in resident rat peritoneal macrophages treated with proinflammatory agents. 相似文献
15.
Jean Pontillon 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1995,72(8):861-866
The combination of two routine methods is proposed to determine the content of milk fat (MF) in chocolates, which is applicable
even in the presence of lauric fats or others. The content of MF is obtained from the sum of C40, C42, and C44 medium-chain triglycerides, determined by capillary gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). A new method, based on methyl esters
of lauric acid and on minor acids situated between myristic and palmitic, is proposed. It enables detection and estimation
of potential lauric fats, as well as the determination of the actual content of MF. The influence of other vegetable and animal
fats is discussed. We analyzed 45 MF samples extracted from industrial milk powders and from pure or fractionated MF for chocolate
manufacturing or pastry by GLC of triglycerides. We also analyzed by capillary GLC the methyl esters from 22 of those fats.
Mixtures of these 22 MF samples with a cocoa butter also were used for chromatographic analyses of methyl esters and triglyceride.
Results from the various analytical methods have been presented. 相似文献
16.
Studies were made of the enzymic synthesis and hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters in rat testes. Weanling rats were fed for
14 weeks diets containing 5% by wt of hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO), a concentrate of ethyl elaidate and linolelaidate (TRANS),
devoid of essential fatty acids (EFA), or safflower oil (SAFF). Cholesterol esterifying activity was localized in the soluble
fraction, and cholesteryl ester hydrolase activity was distributed in both particulate and soluble fractions obtained from
tissue homogenates. The optimum pH was 6.0 for esterification and 6.9–7.0 for hydrolysis. Neither esterifying nor hydrolytic
activity was affected by freezing and thawing, but both reactions were inhibited by heat or sonication. The animals of both
the HCO and TRANS groups had developed an EFA deficiency before they were sacrificed. The EFA deficiency produced upon feeding
the HCO diet had no apparent effect on the synthesis and hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters in rat testes. The TRANS diet influenced
the development of the testes as judged by their size, and cholesterol esterifying and cholesteryl ester hydrolyzing activities
were suppressed in the testes of the animals of this group. A major difference in the effects of the HCO and TRANS diets on
the lipids of the testes was the relatively minor amount of eicosatrienoic acid (20∶3) and the elevated level of docosapentaenoic
acid (22∶5) in the cholesteryl esters of the testicular lipids of the TRANS group. 相似文献
17.
The effect of dietary fats on phospholipid class distribution and fatty acid composition was studied in rat fat cell plasma
membrane. Three groups of male Wistar weanling rats were fed for 8 wk three diets differing in the amount and nature of the
fats: 1.5% sunflower oil (low fat control; LFC), 10% sunflower oil (high fat, unsaturated; HFU), 1.5% sunflower oil+8.5% cocoa
butter (high fat, saturated; HFS). Plasma membranes were prepared from epididymal adipocytes. The amount and type of dietary
fat significantly altered membrane phospholipid distribution. Phospholipid content was lowered with HFU as compared to LFC
or HFS diets, but no changes were observed for cholesterol. Phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylserine (PS) were less
affected by dietary changes than were other phospholipid classes. Major changes were detected for phosphatidylcholine (PC),
phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and sphingomyelin (SM) contents. No large changes in PC and PE fatty acid compositions were
observed between the LFC and HFS groups, but the HFU diet induced several changes. Correlations with plasma membrane 5′-nucleotidase
activities are discussed. 相似文献
18.
Michael Kreuzer Marlies M. Gerdemann Wolfgang Reyer 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》1997,99(12):436-442
The effects of 4% fat either rich in medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA; saturated fat) or in polyenoic fatty acids (PUFA; unsaturated fat) isoenergetically exchanging carbohydrates of a low-fat diet (control) on performance and product quality were evaluated with 180 growing pigs. Growth, carcass and meat quality were not affected by the fat treatments. Although elevated in blood serum, cholesterol was not increased in belly meat when the MCFA-rich diet was fed. Fatty acid composition of backfat reflected dietary fat composition. The significantly lowest shelf life and melting temperatures were found with the unsaturated-fat diet. When compared with control, fat tissue PUFA contents were slightly higher in the saturated-fat diet, and fat melting temperatures were somewhat lower. In contrast, the use of this MCFA-enriched diet increased penetrometer firmness in pure 4°C temperated backfat by more than 50% as compared with control and to about the tenfold level of the firmness obtained in the unsaturated-fat diet. Impression of flavour and odor in lean and fatty meat were not systematically affected by the diets. The present results show a high potential of MCFA-enriched diets to selectively increase fat firmness in pigs without greater undesired side effects on other traits of product quality. 相似文献
19.
Injections of [24-14C] chenodeoxycholate and3H-cholate were made by heart puncture into 300 g male rats that bore T-cannulas in their bile ducts. The animals had been
raised on diet A, containing glucose, cholesterol and cholate, or diet B, containing sucrose and cholesterol; each of the
diets contained 5% safflower oil or 5% beef tallow as variables. From analysis of bile samples collected from the T at intervals
over a 5 day period, it was observed that the safflower oil group fed diet B had a 17% shorter cholate half-life, a 29% larger
cholate pool size and 52% higher rate of cholate synthesis than those fed beef tallow in the same diet. The safflower group
fed diet A also had a larger cholate pool size, but synthesis and half-life were obscured by cholate feeding. Chenodeoxycholate
turnover data were not obtainable because the decay curves were bimodal for all treatments and hence did not conform to a
simple pool model. It is concluded that dietary safflower oil causes more rapid formation of cholate than does dietary beef
tallow in the cholesterol-fed rat.
Journal Paper No. 4952 AES, Purdue University. 相似文献
20.
Groups of rats were fed from weaning with diets containing 5% by wt of hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO), safflower oil, or a
concentrate of ethyl elaidate and linolelaidate (TRANS) as the sole source of dietary fat. Fatty acid composition of the lipid
classes from serum, liver, heart, and kidney was determined, and the serum lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) activities
were assayed for each animal. Serum LCAT activity was increased by both the HCO and TRANS diets in the early stages of the
development of an essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency but was suppressed in the animals of the TRANS group as they became
older. The HCO and TRANS groups exhibited changes in tissue lipid fatty acid composition, as well as reduced growth, characteristic
of an EFA deficiency. Conversion of oleic acid to eicosatrienoic acid was impaired in the animals fed the TRANS diet, greatly
increasing the octadecenoic acid content of the tissue lipids at the expense of eicosatrienoic acid. The TRANS diet also suppressed
incorporation of eicosatrienoic acid into cholesteryl esters of tissue and serum, indicating that, when fed as the sole source
of unsaturated fat,trans fatty acids influenced the metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol. 相似文献