凝固组织对GCr15轴承钢220 mm×260 mm连铸坯中心偏析的影响

铸坯高中心等轴晶率及小的二次枝晶臂间距有利于降低高碳钢M+E-EMS连铸坯中心偏析。通过建立GCr15钢220 mm×260 mm连铸坯耦合有限元-元胞自动机模型(CAFE)及二次枝晶臂间距(SDAS)模型,研究结晶器电磁搅拌、过热度和拉速对中心等轴晶率及二次枝晶臂间距的影响。结果表明,相比于拉速,过热度和结晶器电磁搅拌对其影响明显。随着过热度降低及结晶器电磁搅拌强度增加,铸坯中心等轴晶率增加而二次枝晶臂间距减小,而拉速对凝固终点和中心固相率影响大。工业试验结果表明,采用结晶器与凝固末端电磁搅拌,相比于过热度35℃和拉速0.75 m/min,控制过热度小于25℃且拉速调整为0.8 m/min时,轴承钢GCr15铸坯中心等轴晶率由原27%增加至38%且二次枝晶臂间距细化,中心碳偏析指数由原1.06～1.39降至0.93～1.13。     

控制高碳钢中心碳偏析的工艺实践

针对方坯连铸过程中产生的连铸坯中心偏析问题,日钢第一炼钢厂采取了一系列控制措施,如减少钢液成分波动、降低中间包内钢液过热度、制定合适的拉速和温度匹配制度并保持恒拉速、优化结晶器电磁搅拌参数、控制合适的二冷强度、使用凝固末端电磁搅拌等,使高碳钢铸坯中心偏析明显改善,w[C]≥0.60%的高碳钢中心碳偏析(≤1.5级)合格率100%。     

优化连铸工艺改善SWRH82A钢150 mm x 150 mm 铸坯中心碳偏析实践

 为了减轻SWRH82A钢150 mm x 150 mm铸坯中心碳偏析,进行了拉速(1. 9 ~2. 3 m/min)、二冷比水 量(0. 75 ~ 1.24 L/kg)、过热度(25 ~38 °C )、结晶器电磁搅拌强度(300 - 350 A)和末端电磁搅拌强度(300 - 470 A) 连铸工艺参数试验。结果证明,合理控制拉速1.9-2.0 m/min,钢水过热度25°C 左右、比水量为1. 01 I7kg、结晶 器电磁搅拌强度为350 A/3 Hz、末端电磁搅拌强度为400 A/7 Hz时,铸坯中心碳偏析指数可以得到大幅改善,由原 来的1.21降为1.05。     

连铸工艺参数对40Cr圆坯碳偏析的影响

为降低直径为900 mm的40Cr连铸圆坯的碳偏析,提高钢材的性能与产品质量,从优化圆坯连铸工艺参数角度出发,分析了过热度、拉速、二冷强度以及电磁搅拌对铸坯碳偏析的影响。结果表明,当过热度控制在25~35 ℃范围内,拉速为0.75~0.85 m/min,二冷比水量为0.30 L/kg时,有利于改善铸坯碳偏析情况。对结晶器电磁搅拌以及末端电磁搅拌的参数测试分析得出,当结晶器和末端电磁搅拌电流以及频率参数分别设为180 A/3 Hz以及400 A/8 Hz时,铸坯碳偏析情况明显改善。采用优化后的连铸工艺参数进行生产试验,对20炉次对应的棒材横截面碳偏析情况进行跟踪测试,结果显示,碳偏析指数极差由优化前的0.07%~0.08%下降到0.04%以下。     

电磁搅拌对石油管用圆坯内部质量的改善

针对P110级石油管用圆坯27Mn2Cr钢连铸坯凝固组织差、中心缩孔严重等缺陷,结合实际生产工艺进行分析,发现不适宜的电磁搅拌工艺及与拉速匹配性差是引起上述问题的主要原因。因此,对结晶器和末端电搅强度进行测量及优化,同时建立?220 mm规格圆坯凝固传热模型,以确定合理的连铸机拉速。通过分析表明,拉速由1.30 m/min提高至1.70 m/min并搭配合理的电搅工艺,铸坯中心等轴晶所占比例由16%提高至25%,中心缩孔消失;同时铸坯内部碳偏析指数范围由0.938~1.062缩小至0.951~1.038,改善了石油套管用圆坯的内部质量。     

电磁搅拌对石油管用圆坯内部质量的改善

针对P110级石油管用圆坯27Mn2Cr钢连铸坯凝固组织差、中心缩孔严重等缺陷,结合实际生产工艺进行分析,发现不适宜的电磁搅拌工艺及与拉速匹配性差是引起上述问题的主要原因。因此,对结晶器和末端电搅强度进行测量及优化,同时建立?220 mm规格圆坯凝固传热模型,以确定合理的连铸机拉速。通过分析表明,拉速由1.30 m/min提高至1.70 m/min并搭配合理的电搅工艺,铸坯中心等轴晶所占比例由16%提高至25%,中心缩孔消失;同时铸坯内部碳偏析指数范围由0.938~1.062缩小至0.951~1.038,改善了石油套管用圆坯的内部质量。     

E36船板钢板坯凝固组织模拟研究和应用

为改善钢厂E36钢板坯内部质量,通过ProCAST软件建立E36钢板坯凝固过程数学模型,并在此基础上采用CAFE模块对研究过热度(10～25℃)、拉速(0.70～0.85 m/min)和二冷比水量(0.30～0.39 L/kg)等不同连铸工艺参数以及加入电磁搅拌的300 mm×2 070 mm铸坯凝固组织进行模拟.从模...     

高碳绞线钢SWRH82B中心碳偏析控制实践

针对高碳钢SWRH82B钢绞线拉丝材笔尖断裂及网碳超标缺陷,研究了180 mm×180 mm断面高碳钢SWRH82B方坯中心碳偏析产生机理,分析了钢水过热度、拉速、末端电磁搅拌、二冷强度等因素对SWRH82B钢碳偏析的影响。结果表明,180 mm×180 mm断面SWRH82B钢中心碳偏析与过热度存在拟合关系为y=1.0929-0.0088x+3.1069×10^-4x²_过热度,为控制碳偏析最佳工艺参数为过热度20～30℃;拉速1.4 m/min;末端电磁搅拌电流400 A频率10 Hz;二冷采用弱冷比水量0.4 L/kg。     

连铸工艺参数对45#、70#钢铸坯冶金效果影响的探讨

通过对45#、70#钢铸坯低倍组织情况的分析以及连铸工艺参数的总结，探讨出钢水过热度、拉速、塞棒自动控制、二冷配水及电磁搅拌等连铸工艺参数对铸坯低倍组织的影响。通过对45#、70#钢中心碳偏析分析，表明随着钢中碳含量升高，连铸拉速、钢水过热度的增加，铸坯中心碳偏析有增大趋势。     

Research on final- electromagnetic stirring position of 82B steel continuous casting based on superheat variation

A solidification and heat transfer model of continuous casting billet was established and verified by surface temperature measurement for 82B high carbon steel with the section size of 150mm ?? 150mm in a domestic steel plant. Taking solidification ratio fs=0. 7-0. 8 of the billet as the reasonable installation position of final electromagnetic stirring (FEMS), the most suitable position of FEMS was determined at 6. 59-6. 79m distance from meniscus with the variation of superheat from 20?? to 40?? according to numerical results. Combined with the actual situation in the production site, the final- electromagnetic stirrer was installed at the position of 6. 73m distance from meniscus and industrial trials were carried out to verify the effect of FEMS. The results indicate that the quality of billet and wire rod is improved after the application of FEMS. For billet, the average carbon segregation index decreases from 1. 05 to 0. 99, the maximum carbon segregation index decreases from 1. 12 to 1. 05, and the central equiaxed crystal ratio increases from 36% to 39%. For wire rod, the central segregation grade decreases from 2. 5 to 1. 5 and the network cementite grade decreases from 4 to 1.     

末端电磁搅拌参数对帘线钢72A铸坯中心碳偏析的影响

帘线钢72A(%:0.71～0.72C、0.50～0.60Mn、0.22～0.30Si、≤0.010P、≤0.008S)的冶炼工艺流程为铁水预处理-LD-LF-RH-CC-200 mm×200 mm连铸。在连铸时钢水过热度10～20℃,拉速0.98 m/min,二冷比水量0.32 L/kg,结晶器冷却水220 m³/h,结晶器电磁搅拌1.5 Hz、500 A的条件下进行了末端电磁搅拌(F-EMS)的工艺研究。结果表明,当离钢液弯月面8 m处以18 Hz、450 A进行F-EMS,可使帘线钢72A铸坯的中心碳偏析指数≤1.05。     

电磁搅拌技术在连铸上的应用

在连铸坯凝固过程中,由于冷却速度很快,造成铸坯凝固时柱状晶的发展,往往产生＂搭桥＂现象,导致铸坯内缩孔、偏析、疏松、夹杂物聚集等缺陷产生。为解决以上问题,电磁搅拌技术应运而生,采用电磁搅拌装置,有利于改善连铸坯的凝固组织,从而改善铸坯表面及内部质量。本文介绍了电磁搅拌的主要类型、设备组成及其应用效果。     

大方坯末端电磁搅拌试验研究

对280 mm×380 mm大方坯连铸凝固末端的最佳电磁搅拌频率进行了模拟。结果表明,在拉坯速度为0.7 m/min的条件下,凝固末端的最佳搅拌频率为4~8 Hz。在此范围内,随着频率的增加,液芯处的最大磁感应强度逐渐降低,最大电磁力逐渐增加。工业生产结果也表明,此频率范围的应用明显减轻了C元素的偏析程度。     

连铸工艺参数对SWRH82B钢160 mm x 160 mm坯中心碳偏析的影响

试验研究了结晶器电磁搅拌频率、拉速、过热度及二冷强度对SWRH82B连铸小方坯中心碳偏析的影响。研究结果表明,结晶器搅拌电流为300 A时,低电磁搅拌频率下铸坯中心碳偏析情况较好;拉速为1.8 m/min时,提高二冷比水量有利于改善中心碳偏析,但二冷比水量过高会加剧偏析;拉速为1.8 m/min时,二冷比水量为0.75 L/kg较为合适,拉速为1.9 m/min时,二冷比水量为0.8 L/kg是比较合适的;当过热度在20～30℃时,过热度对铸坯中心碳偏析的影响不大。     

连铸参数和末端电磁搅拌对82B钢小方坯中心碳偏析的影响

试验研究了结晶器电磁搅拌240 A/4 Hz时末端电磁搅拌(160 A/4 Hz～280 A/8 Hz),中间包钢水温度(1 500～1 542℃),拉速(1.7～1.9 m/min)和二冷区比水量(0.7～1.1 L/kg)对82B钢(/%:0.81C、0.76Mn、0.25Si、0.2Cr)150 mm×150 mm方坯中心碳偏析的影响。结果表明,在未采用末端电磁搅拌时,降低过热度和拉速、提高比水量有利于减少小方坯中心碳偏析。采用最佳的末端电磁搅拌参数160 A/6 Hz时,82B钢小方坯中心碳偏析指数最低,为1.02。     

Solidification Structure of Continuous Casting Large Round Billets under Mold Electromagnetic Stirring

The solidification structure of a continuous casting large round billet was analyzed by a cellular-automaton-finite-element coupling model using the ProCAST software.The actual and simulated solidification structures were compared under mold electromagnetic stirring (MEMS)conditions (current of 300 A and frequency of 3 Hz).There-after,the solidification structures of the large round billet were investigated under different superheats,casting speeds,and secondary cooling intensities.Finally,the effect of the MEMS current on the solidification structures was obtained under fixed superheat,casting speed,secondary cooling intensity,and MEMS frequency.The model accurately simulated the actual solidification structures of any steel,regardless of its size and the parameters used in the continuous casting process.The ratio of the central equiaxed grain zone was found to increase with decreasing su-perheat,increasing casting speed,decreasing secondary cooling intensity,and increasing MEMS current.The grain size obviously decreased with decreasing superheat and increasing MEMS current but was less sensitive to the casting speed and secondary cooling intensity.     

82B高碳钢小方坯中磷的偏析行为

研究了拉速(2.8～3.0 m/min)、二冷比水量(0.83～1.8 L/kg)和末端电磁搅拌(0～400 A,6 Hz)对82B钢(/%:0.79～0.81 C、0.21～0.24Si、0.81～0.83Mn、0.012～0.016P、0.005～0.008S、0.25～0.30Cr)130 mm×130mm铸坯断面P偏析的影响结果表明,磷在铸坯中的最大偏析点不在凝固中心,而是在柱状晶与等轴晶交界处;随着二冷比水量的增大、拉速的降低及末端电磁搅拌强度的增大,P元素的最大偏析率有明显降低。     

轻压下和拉速对42CrMo钢410 mm x 530 mm铸坯轧成Φ195 mm材的低倍和中心C偏析的影响

对比试验了铸坯的轻压下量(0～8 mm)及拉速(0.42～0.49 m/min)对42CrMo钢Φ195 mm轧材低倍组织和偏析的影响。结果表明,在现有工艺条件下,42CrMo钢过热度控制在20～30 ℃,二冷比水量0.30 L/kg,结晶器电搅100A/1.5 Hz,末端电搅400A/8 Hz,连铸拉速控制在0.49 m/min,总压下量6～8 mm,能有效改善42CrMo钢轧材的内部质量。     

Flow Modelling in Continuous Casting of Round Bloom Strands with Electromagnetic Stirring

For the majority of continuously cast semis for stringent applications such as wire rods, rails, seamless tubes, etc. an optimal cleanness, surface and sub‐surface quality as well as a minimum of centre line segregation and central shrinkage porosity is almost mandatory. In‐mould electromagnetic stirring (M‐EMS) has a number of functions but its primary purpose is to help breaking down coarse columnar dendritic solidification structure to produce a finer dendritic structure and a larger proportion of equiaxed grains. The rotary effect of M‐EMS has also an important impact on the cleanness of the steels, which can be explained by its action on exogenous and endogenous inclusions. The modelling of turbulent flow, steel temperature, solidification, exogenous inclusion transport and electromagnetic stirring with mathematical and ‐ as far as possible ‐ physical models are presented, including PIV‐measurements on a 1:1 scale water‐model of the strand.     

末端电磁搅拌在包钢圆坯连铸中的应用

文章介绍了包钢电磁搅拌改造后末端电磁搅拌工艺在圆坯连铸中的应用。实践表明,末端电磁搅拌工艺改善了圆坯中心缩孔、中心疏松以及成分偏析,从而为包钢生产高附加值、高合金产品奠定基础。