类金刚石薄膜在人工关节摩擦副表面改性进展

类金刚石(DLC)薄膜由于其优异的减摩耐磨性以及良好的生物相容性被引入到人工关节材质中。该文综述了DLC薄膜在人工关节摩擦副表面改性的研究现状,包括DLC薄膜的分类、制备方法及内应力。介绍了提高DLC膜基结合力的方法及DLC薄膜生物相容性的研究进展。接着,对不同DLC薄膜人工关节摩擦副的研究成果进行了阐述。最后,针对DLC薄膜存在的问题提出了今后DLC薄膜人造关节的研究方向。     

类金刚石和硅氮类薄膜在人工关节表面的摩擦学性能

类金刚石(DLC)和Si–N薄膜都是具有两性分子特性的超硬薄膜,从薄膜的机械强度、摩擦系数、表面能态等方面分析了两类薄膜作为生物机械膜层的性能。Si–N薄膜在与胎牛血清模拟体液环境接触时,表面张力相对于DLC薄膜小,表现出极强的亲水性。Co合金被覆DLC和Si–N薄膜能使显微硬度分别提高7倍及3倍。DLC薄膜的被覆显著提高了钴合金的显微硬度,但在胎牛血清(FBS)中与超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)的摩擦磨损实验中,摩擦系数变化不大;钴合金被覆Si–N薄膜后在FBS中对磨UHMWPE摩擦系数低至0.02,Si–N薄膜有望成为新型的生物机械保护膜层。     

射频感应耦合化学气相沉积类金刚石薄膜的摩擦性能研究

采用射频感应耦合离子源（ICP）在硅基底上沉积了DLC薄膜,通过原子力显微镜（AFM）和拉曼光谱对DLC薄膜的表面形貌及结构进行了分析表征,用UTM-2摩擦磨损试验仪对薄膜的摩擦学性能进行了测试。结果表明,利用该方法沉积制备的DLC薄膜具有良好的减摩抗磨性能。     

类金刚石薄膜在橡胶表面改性中的研究进展

介绍了类金刚石薄膜的结构、制备方法及其在橡胶表面改性中的研究进展。     

类金刚石薄膜改性橡胶表面摩擦学性能的研究进展

介绍了类金刚石薄膜的结构,概述了类金刚石薄膜改性橡胶的表面结构,以及膜基结合力、表面摩擦学性能的研究现状,并提出展望。     

蓝宝石衬底表面SiO2薄膜的应力分析

采用射频磁控反应溅射法分别在Si和蓝宝石衬底上沉积SiO2薄膜.通过改变沉积薄膜的工艺参数,考察反应气体流量比、沉积温度、射频功率等因素对SiO2薄膜内应力的影响.采用压痕裂纹法分析了镀膜前后蓝宝石的表面应力.结果表明:制备SiO2薄膜时,工艺参数影响SiO2薄膜的成分,当O2/Ar流量比值为1.25,衬底温度为300℃,射频功率为100 W时,可以制备出化学计量比的SiO2薄膜,此时薄膜中的内应力较小;制备的SiO2薄膜呈压应力状态,镀SiO2薄膜可以改变蓝宝石的表面应力,蓝宝石的表面应力已由原来的拉应力变为压应力.     

PET薄膜表面改性研究进展

综述近年来聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)薄膜表面改性的研究进展,主要介绍了机械处理、化学处理、表面改性剂处理、火焰处理、等离子体处理、表面接枝、表面涂覆等方法对PET薄膜表面的改性,并对PET薄膜表面改性研究方向进行了展望。     

类金刚石膜的制备及应用

类金刚石膜(DLC)由于其良好的特性被广泛应用于各个领域,文章介绍了类金刚石膜的制备方法及特点,并说明了利用类金刚石膜耐磨损高硬度等特点,将类金刚石薄膜经过特殊的方法形成类金刚石纤维的过程,探讨了其在纤维砂轮中,代替Al2O3纤维作为磨料的应用.     

钢铁表面制备金刚石薄膜研究进展

在钢铁表面沉积金刚石薄膜可以提高其耐腐蚀性、生物相容性、硬度、耐磨性,延长使用寿命,由涂覆有金刚石薄膜的钢铁制成的产品在机械和医疗器械行业中存在广阔的应用前景。然而,在钢铁表面直接沉积金刚石薄膜存在铁(或钴、镍)催石墨化、应力大和易脱落的问题。针对这些问题,人们进行了30多年的探索与研究,在工艺和过渡层方面积累了很多经验。文章综述了直接在钢铁表面沉积金刚石薄膜和以过渡层在钢铁表面沉积金刚石薄膜的研究现状,并对未来的研究方向做了展望。     

a-C∶H(N)类金刚石薄膜的结构及内应力分析

采用射频等离子增强化学气相沉积法制备出a-C∶H(N)类金刚石薄膜, 用X射线光电子能谱、红外吸收谱和慢正电子湮灭谱研究了薄膜的结构, 用弯曲法测定了薄膜的内应力. 随着混合气体中N2的含量从0增加到75%, 薄膜中含N量可增加到9.09%(摩尔分数), N原子与C 原子以―C-N, CN和C≡N键的形式结合. 薄膜中的缺陷密度随含N量而增加, 而薄膜的内应力则随着薄膜中N含量的增加而单调降低.     

金刚石膜技术及应用

金刚石膜突破了人造金刚石在尺寸上的限制,使金刚石的优异性能得到了充分的发挥,从而大幅度拓展了金刚石的应用领域。文章叙述了金刚石膜及其发展历程,综述了其日益繁多的制造技术以及在现代技术中越来越广阔的应用,对我国金刚石膜技术应用中存在的问题及其发展前景提出了一些看法。     

Effect of oxygen and fluorine plasma surface treatment of silicon-incorporated diamond-like carbon coatings on cellular responses of mouse fibroblasts

The surface chemistry of silicon-incorporated diamond-like carbon (Si-DLC) was tailored utilizing oxygen and fluorine plasma treatments. Successful anchoring of oxygen and fluorine functional groups to the surface of Si-DLC was verified using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The impact of surface modification of Si-DLC on hydrophobicity was correlated with the viability of L929 mouse fibroblasts. The confocal microscopy and viability results indicated that oxygen-treated Si-DLC showed increased cell viability compared to untreated Si-DLC and fluorine-treated Si-DLC samples 5 days after seeding. The increased cell viability was correlated with the conversion of the hydrophobic surface of Si-DLC into a hydrophilic surface by oxygen plasma treatment.     

Diamond-like carbon film deposited on nitrided 316L stainless steel substrate: A hardness depth-profile modeling

Adhesion and hardness of Diamond-Like Carbon films are improved by nitriding of the steel substrate prior to PVD deposition. Since the mechanical properties of the nitrided steel layer are not homogeneous, i.e. a significant hardness decrease is observed in the upper nitrided layer close to the surface, an outer surface layer of ~ 15 μm is removed prior to the film deposition. In the present work, a 316L stainless steel substrate is nitrided in a cyanide-cyanate solution at 570 °C during 3 h. The coated system involved the deposition of a hydrogenated, amorphous carbon (a-C:H) solid lubricant of ~ 2 μm including a chromium carbide interlayer. The comparison between the hardness behavior of the DLC/steel and the DLC/nitrided steel systems reveals the existence of a very important hardness gap, which highlights the benefit of the nitriding treatment prior to coating deposition. In addition, the microhardness-depth profile is determined from a load-depth curve, by applying a simple hardness model. The predicted change in hardness is found to be in a very good agreement with the experimental profile, which allows the hardness determination both in the white layer and in the diffusion zone over ~ 30 μm in total depth. However, only the composite hardness modeling allows the accurate determination of the intrinsic hardness of the film.     

Antifungal behavior of silicon-incorporated diamond-like carbon by tuning surface hydrophobicity with plasma treatment

Silicon-incorporated diamond-like carbon (Si-DLC), an amorphous material containing Si atoms with sp³- and sp²-hybridized carbon, is a promising biomaterial for versatile biomedical applications due to its excellent mechanical properties, chemical inertness, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial capability. However, the antifungal properties of plasma-treated Si-DLC have not been systematically evaluated. In this study, Si-DLC coatings were deposited by chemical vapor deposition and further treated with either oxygen or fluorine plasma to render the surface anchored with different functional groups and hydrophobicity. Surface roughness was probed with atomic force microscopy, whereas bonding character and surface composition were assessed using Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Wettability and surface charge were investigated via water contact angle and zeta potential measurements. Antifungal assessment was performed using a Candida albicans multi-well plate screening technique and crystal violet biomass quantification. The results demonstrate that oxygen plasma–treated Si-DLC exhibited hydrophilic properties, lower negative zeta potential, and significant antifungal behavior. This material can potentially be applied on surfaces for the prevention of reduced nosocomial infections.     

Screen-printed carbon electrode modified on its surface with amorphous carbon nitride thin film: Electrochemical and morphological study

The surface of a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was modified by using amorphous carbon nitride (a-CN_x) thin film deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering. Scanning electron microscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy measurements were used to characterise respectively the morphology and the chemical structure of the a-CN_x modified electrodes. The incorporation of nitrogen in the amorphous carbon network was demonstrated by X ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The a-CN_x layers were deposited on both carbon screen-printed electrode (SPCE) and silicon (Si) substrates. A comparative study showed that the nature of substrate, i.e. SPCE and Si, has a significant effect on both the surface morphology of deposited a-CN_x film and their electrochemical properties. The improvement of the electrochemical reactivity of SPCE after a-CN_x film deposition was highlighted both by comparing the shapes of voltammograms and calculating the apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant.     

活性炭纤维及其应用研究进展

在讨论活性炭纤维的结构、吸附特性及其与粒状活性炭的吸附特性相比较的基础上,综述了这种新型的吸附材料在水净化、空气净化、废水处理、溶剂回收和氧化还原作用等各个领域的应用,并探讨了其广泛的应用前景。     

纳米碳管的制备及其应用

本文综述了纳米碳管的制备及应用,展望了纳米碳管广阔的应用前景。     

Femtosecond-laser-induced nanostructure formation and surface modification of diamond-like carbon film

This paper reports the pump and probe experiment for in situ reflectivity measurements in the femtosecond laser ablation that brings about nanoscale modification of diamond-like carbon (DLC) film. The characteristic reflectivity changes observed demonstrate that the formation of periodic nanostructure is preceded by a change in bonding structure of DLC in the ablation at low fluences. We have observed a coherent nonlinear wave-mixing signal that can resolve the ultrafast interaction processes for the nanoscale modification on the film surface. Based on the results obtained, a model of the interaction process is proposed.     

双癸基二甲基羧酸铵反离子碳链长度对其表面活性和应用性能的影响

通过对不同反离子碳链长度(n=2,4,6,8,10,12)的双癸基二甲基羧酸铵的表面活性及泡沫性能、乳化性能和润湿性能进行测定,探讨反离子碳链长度对季铵盐表面活性剂的表面活性及应用性能的影响。结果表明:随着反离子碳链长度(n=2,4,6,8,10,12)的增加,双癸基二甲基羧酸铵的表面活性逐渐增强,其临界胶束浓度(cmc)逐渐减小,最低表面张力(γcmc)先降低后升高,当反离子碳链长度n=10时,γcmc达到最低,降低水表面张力20 m N/m的效能(pc20)逐渐增大,饱和吸附量(Гtotal)逐渐增大,单个分子占有面积(Am)逐渐减小;泡沫性能和乳化性能均随着反离子碳链长度的增加先增强后减弱;润湿性能随着反离子碳链长度的增加而逐渐增强。