印刷维吾尔文本切割

我国新疆地区使用的维吾尔文借用阿拉伯文字母书写。因为阿拉伯文字母自身书写的特点,造成维文文本的切割和识别极其困难。本文在连通体分类的基础上,结合水平投影和连通体分析的方法实现维文文本的文字行切分和单词切分。然后定位单词基线位置,计算单词轮廓和基线的距离,寻找所有可能的切点实现维文单词过切割,最后利用规则合并过切分字符。实验结果表明,字符切割准确率达到99 %以上。     

基于多模板归一化的维吾尔文字母识别算法

该文针对手写维文字符识别中字符宽高比变化剧烈,单一模板归一化后提取字符特征,不能有效增加异类字符之间的差异性,提出了针对维文字形特点的多模板归一化算法。训练阶段,由多模板归一化字符图像,提取特征并训练对应分类器;识别阶段,用主笔画散度方向作为维文字形参数, 对不同字形选用最优模板进行归一化处理后提取特征,并送入该模板对应的分类器。多模版归一化有效利用了手写维文字符字形特征,克服了单模板归一化时异类维文字符差异减小的不利影响。实验结果表明多模板归一化算法较单模板归一化算法在识别性能上有所提高。     

改进的模板匹配方法在车牌识别中的应用

字母和数字是国内外车牌的主体内容,常采用模板匹配的方法对其进行识别.该方法需要将目标图像与每一幅模板图像进行匹配,对相似字符的识别率也不高.针对这个问题,提出了基于欧拉数的模板匹配,它将模板图像根据欧拉数分为不同的组,不仅减少了不必要的匹配过程,还提高了某些相似字符的识别率.计算欧拉数过程中去除噪声和干扰,匹配过程中去除冗余背景和填充有效背景,这些都提高了最终的识别质量.     

基于曲率匹配的细胞几何形状特征提取方法

细胞轮廓的几何形状是细胞学涂片判读的重要参考,对研究宫颈病变的计算机辅助诊断具有重要意义。针对现有基于形状模板匹配的几何形状识别方法鲁棒性较差的问题,提出了基于曲率匹配的几何形状特征提取方法,通过比较模板轮廓和待识别轮廓的曲率,计算曲率曲线之间的相似度,进而得到细胞轮廓的形状特征,并采用依次旋转轮廓选取最佳匹配的方法来解决轮廓方向不一致的问题,采用以面积等效圆的半径比作为放大比率进行轮廓缩放的方法来解决轮廓大小不一致的问题。通过相关实验证明了该方法所提取的几何形状特征具有尺度不变性和旋转不变性,并与改进Hausdorff距离进行了实验对比,结果表明提取的形状特征能更加准确地识别出细胞轮廓的几何形状。     

基于遗传算法的图象不变矩匹配

研究模板和图象间的有效匹配，利用不变矩特征作为检测模板和图象中物体轮廓相似度的测度，同时把遗传算法引入图象匹配识别，并针对简单遗传算法在应用过程中出现收敛过早和早熟现象的问题，采用了一种 改进型遗传算法。该算法和不变矩相结合能有效检测出具有平移、旋转 和尺度变化的物体，该方法可以应用于实际图象匹配和识别中。     

基于SIFT特征匹配的车牌识别方法

针对智能交通系统中基于视觉的车牌识别中存在的依赖于光学字符识别以及在复杂环境下准确率低的问题,提出了基于SIFT特征匹配的车牌识别方法。通过基于插值的超分辨率图像重建方法对车牌图像进行预处理,基于轮廓特征对车牌进行定位,通过SIFT特征匹配的方式,利用模板库中的车牌字符模板对车牌进行定位验证以及字符识别。实验结果表明该方法能有效提高车牌识别的效率。     

车牌字符特征提取及识别方法研究

在社会经济高速发展的时代,智能交通系统的应用越来越普及。其中,车牌识别已经成为研究的热点。本文提出了一种基于模板匹配的车牌字符识别方法,对车牌中汉字和数字字母的特征提取进行了研究,并根据提取的字符特征利用模板匹配的方法对车牌字符进行识别。实验结果表明,该方法对车牌字符具有良好的识别效果。     

基于不变矩特征和神经网络的步态识别

步态识别是利用人体步行的方式来识别人的身份.近年来,步态作为一种生物特征识别技术已引起越来越多人们的兴趣.本文提出了一种简单有效的步态识别算法,首先通过背景差方法得到运动人体轮廓,然后利用不变矩描述轮廓特征,最后用BP神经网络方法来进行模板匹配,实现人的身份识别.     

基于模板匹配的印刷维吾尔文字符识别研究

维吾尔文字的连笔书写及字型变化的一些特征给识别带来一定的困难并会影响到识别的正确率.在分析了维吾尔文单词的组词规律及其字型结构特征基础上,采用一种基于区域分割模板匹配的识别方法,通过建立标准维吾尔文字母图像模板库,并与通过预处理所获得的待识别维吾尔文字母图像进行匹配.对一些相似度高且难区分的维吾尔文字母则采用提取这些相似字符的附属笔画部分的图像并对其按笔画的连通性、交叉性以及形态等特征进行附属笔画判定的方法来确定这些相似字符,从而较准确地实现了对维吾尔文印刷字符的识别.实验识别率达到94%     

基于模板匹配的苹果果实识别

为了实现果蔬收获机器人的果实识别和定位,同时为了消除由于果实大小和生长角度对识别的影响,以自然环境下的果园苹果作为识别对象,采用模板匹配方法,计算目标图与模板图的归一化互相关系数矩阵,通过在空域对模板图像做尺度变换和角度旋转进而对目标图像进行模板匹配,实现对果园苹果的果实识别。实验结果表明,该模板匹配算法能有效识别自然环境下的苹果果实,可以用于机器人视觉系统的识别任务。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。