采用热线法的高温粉体材料导热系数自动测试仪

利用matlab对系统进行辨识、建模和降维后得到电阻炉的模型,然后依据该模型进行仿真寻优确定采用单片机模糊PID控制程序控制电阻炉的温度,进而使系统快速升温后保持所需初始恒温;在此初始恒温基础上利用热线通以恒流产生一个阶跃温度激励信号,系统自动采集该阶跃响应信号,并求取导热系数;采用模糊PID控制算法,缩短了测试周期,提高导热仪的测试效率,由于选择虚拟仪器平台,提高了测量处理的自动化和智能化程度;经试验证明,应用此测试仪可较大提高高温粉状材料的导热系数的测试精度与效率。     

保温材料导热系数检测仪器的开发与实现

基于高速混合信号ISP FLASH微控制器Atemga64,采用虚拟仪器开发平台Labwindows/CVI进行上位机编程,利用高精度相频修正脉宽调制技术及数字温度传感器组成系统控温单元,结合新型双平板式导热系数检测原理及USB总线驱动接口,构建了基于微控制器和虚拟仪器开发平台Labwindows/CVI的保温材料导热系数检测系统.弥补了旧有导热仪功能单一、检测数据误差大、控制精度低等缺点.近1年来的市场应用表明,该系统运行可靠、温度控制精确、导热系数检测精度高及超强的数据分析处理能力.弥补了旧有导热系数检测系统的不足.     

基于单片机的自由活塞制冷机测控系统设计

为了实现对自由活塞斯特林制冷机相关参数的测控,开发了一套基于HCS12单片机的测控系统,该测控系统采用MC9S12DG256单片机,选取了合适的传感器测量压力、温度、电压和电流等参数。采用PC机作为上位机,使用组态王软件设计了人机对话窗口。为了保证制冷机安全可靠运行,采用反电动势控制策略实现制冷机直线电机行程控制,采用快速制冷与温度PID控制相结合的控制策略实现制冷机冷端温度的控制。其经验可以用于其它类似的测控系统的研制工作。     

基于单片机的多点温度烟雾测控系统设计

针对机舱消防应急救援模拟训练系统中训练环境控制的难题.设计了一种以AT89C52单片机为核心的多点温度烟雾测控系统.该系统可实现对模拟系统中消防环境(烟雾,温度)的实时测量和控制.根据训练系统对温度烟雾指标要求严格的特点,引入了基于NCD与优化函数结合的非线性PID对PID参数进行优化整定,实现了实时控制.整个设计简明,清晰.     

中药滴丸机恒温恒压系统的测控研究

本文介绍了一种中药滴丸机的恒温恒压测控系统的原理。系统采用PLC全程控制,应用其内置的PID调节功能,借助触摸屏设置参数,对滴丸药液的温度及压强闭环控制。这种控制是确保中药滴丸的一致性和圆整性的必要条件。     

分布式航天器真空热试验测控系统设计

针对航天器真空热试验对数据采集、温度控制及系统功能的要求,设计开发了一套基于LXI总线的分布式测控系统。针对目前控制系统对于温度控制系统大滞后、非线性的控制性能不佳的缺点,采用模糊自整定PID算法提升了当前控制系统的控制品质,实现了对航天器的外热流模拟与温度控制。实际运行结果表明,该系统具有可靠性高、扩展性强、控制精度高等优点,并且试验准备时间比原有系统减少一半以上,提高了试验人员的工作效率。     

密封舱密封性能智能检测仪的研制

研制出了一种基于AT89C52单片机系统的智能化实时检测仪，实现了对密封舱气压、温度、湿度的检测及气压的控制，同时具有参数设置、LCD实时数据显示、声光报警、检测结果打印和串口通信等功能，实现了测控过程的自动化、测量结果的数字化以及测控功能的多样化，提高了密封性能检测过程中的测量控制精度，降低了检测人员的劳动强度。     

电子式供氧调节器试验台测控系统的设计

对电子式供氧调节器试验台的功能、结构以及系统流程进行了介绍;自行设计了基于串行总线结构的集散式测控系统,通过RS485总线实现各测控级之间的通讯、控制;组态王结合Visual Basic设计的测控软件实现了实验组态、数据管理、设备通讯的功能,专家级PID控制模块的设计解决了小容积舱体真空度调节困难的问题,现场运行调试结果表明:专家级PID控制方法对于0～18km海拔高度的大气压力的模拟调节控制具有无超调、响应快、稳态波动小的优点,是现实可行的,此方法对于类似的舱压调节问题具有借鉴意义.     

基于单片机的温度测控系统

温度是工业领域中十分重要又较为普遍的被控参数,其稳定性对工业产品质量有着直接的影响。文章以单片机在温度测控系统中的应用入手,从设计思路、硬件设计、PID控制算法、软件设计四个方面来就基于单片机的温度测控系统进行论述分析,意在为单片机在温度测控系统的应用优化提供思路与支持。     

柴油发动机自动化测试台的设计

介绍了采用微计算机、CAN总线、温度测控单片机系统、压力测控单片机系统、转速测控单片机系统,功耗测控单片机系统组成的自动化测试台,采用计算机仿真技术来修改PID参数,使测试系统达到最佳状态,满足测试要求。给出了系统组成结构图,温度测控单片机系统图及传感器简化电路图。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.