聚酯环氧粉末涂料用丙烯酸消光固化树脂的合成与应用

采用自由基溶液聚合法合成了适用于聚酯环氧类粉末涂料同化的甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)型丙烯酸消光树脂.研究民软、硬单体的比例,引发剂的用量和补加时间,单体滴加方式和滴加时间等对合成树脂性能的影响;探讨了活性单体GMA含量对粉未涂膜件能的影响.并研究与丙烯酸树脂相容性较差的苯乙烯(ST)的含量对涂膜消光性的影响.得出合成嗣化聚酯环氧兄光粉末涂料用丙烯酸消光树脂的最佳条件:控制合成树脂的玻璃化转变温度65～70℃,引发剂用量6.0%,ST含量15%,GMA含量23%.     

聚酯-丙烯酸低光泽粉末涂料的研究

介绍了一种丙烯酸消光树脂在粉末涂料中的应用，讨论了该消光树脂用于聚酯固化粉末涂料的消光性。探索了聚酯树脂，助剂以及消光树脂与聚酯树脂的配比对涂膜性能的影响，制得性能优良的聚酯－丙烯酸低光泽粉末涂料。     

耐候低光粉末涂料用丙烯酸树脂的合成研究

研究了耐候低光粉末涂料用环氧基丙烯酸树脂的合成规律及其在粉末涂料中的应用。讨论了单体、溶剂、引发剂的选择和用量等对树脂性能的影响,得到的丙烯酸树脂用于粉末涂料,其光泽稳定易控制、耐候性优异。     

透明粉末涂料用丙烯酸树脂的合成及性能研究

采用溶液聚合法合成带环氧基团的丙烯酸树脂,并对其结构进行了表征。研究了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)用量、引发剂类型对丙烯酸树脂及涂料性能的影响。通过选用夺氢能力较弱的引发剂以及聚合工艺的优化,合成出高流平、高耐候、耐腐蚀性佳的透明粉末涂料用丙烯酸树脂。     

粉末涂料用GMA型丙烯酸树脂的合成及其固化分析

利用甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)、丙烯酸丁酯进行自由基聚合合成GMA型丙烯酸树脂。研究固化剂十二烷基二元酸用量、固化时间、固化温度、升温速率对涂层性能及固化过程的影响。结果表明树脂与固化剂用量比为10:2,固化条件为160℃固化30min,制备的丙烯酸粉末涂料具有良好的性能。     

聚酯/环氧/丙烯酸树脂低光泽粉末涂料的制备与性能

采用自由基聚合法合成了含环氧基丙烯酸树脂,并将该树脂与环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、填料、助剂等共混制备了低光泽粉末涂料。通过红外、分子量、扫描电镜、光泽度、铅笔硬度等测试,研究了引发剂用量对合成丙烯酸树脂性能的影响以及丙烯酸树脂中苯乙烯含量、不同树脂配比、固化剂的种类等对粉末涂料性能的影响。结果表明,在共混材料丙烯酸树脂的样品中,随着苯乙烯单体含量的增加,涂层的光泽度逐渐降低,由三种树脂共混制备的粉末涂料其涂层光泽度最低值可达6.6,铅笔硬度都在6 H以上,附着力为0级,其综合性能得到了很大改善。     

高固含量羟基丙烯酸涂料树脂的制备及性能研究

以溶液聚合法合成了2种不同组成的羟基丙烯酸树脂,研究了引发剂、反应温度与共聚物组成对共聚物相对分子质量、羟值和聚合体系黏度的影响.采用六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)三聚体分别与2种羟基丙烯酸树脂进行交联固化,并表征了树脂及其交联固化涂膜的机械性能、耐化学试剂性能和热稳定性.结果表明:共聚物组成中苯乙烯的加入明显降低了聚合体系的黏度,提高了树脂固含量,改善了涂膜物理性能.通过对引发剂用量、聚合反应温度、反应单体配比的控制,成功地制备出固含量为70％,综合性能优良的羟基丙烯酸树脂.     

HAA体系低温固化干混消光粉末涂料用低酸值聚酯树脂的合成及性能研究

通过考察聚酯配方中的二元醇单体的作用,研究酸解剂对涂层性能的影响,并在聚酯中加入特殊搭配的光稳定剂,合成得到了适用于制备羟烷基酰胺(HAA)体系低温固化干混消光粉末涂料的低酸值聚酯树脂,同时研究了粉末涂料的固化反应。结果表明:该粉末涂料具有较低的活化能,制备涂层可以实现160℃低温固化,消光光泽约为28,涂层具有良好的耐冲击性和耐老化性能,综合性能优异。     

UV固化丙烯酸粉末涂料的制备

以环氧型聚丙烯酸酯一甲基丙烯酸酯树脂为光固化树脂，Irgacure2959、Irgacure651、Irgacure184等为光引发剂制得了UV固化丙烯酸粉末清漆，研究了单组分和双组分光引发剂种类及用量对固化程度和漆膜性能的影响，探讨了固化工艺。结果表明，采用3％的Irgacure2959单组分光引发剂或1．5％Irgaeure2959和1．5％Irgacure651复合光引发剂体系，130℃下流平10min，固化30s，所得涂膜具有较佳的综合性能。     

不饱和聚酯改性丙烯酸树脂及其涂料

合成了低分子量不饱和聚酯树脂，再同甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯等单体进行游离基聚合，制得含羟基的不饱和聚酯改性丙烯酸树脂。由该改性树脂同异氰酸酯制得的涂层，其干性、丰满度、光泽、硬度等综合性能优于一般羟基丙烯酸树脂。讨论了各种合成因素对树脂及涂膜性能的影响。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。