E-P-AMCBFM分析介质与PEC混合体的电磁散射

使用基于表面积分方程的矩量法来分析介质与理想导体混合体的电磁散射是计算电磁学的一大热点。对理想导体目标体表面建立电场积分方程,在介质目标体表面建立PMCHW方程组,与基于矩阵分块技术的自适应修正特征基函数法结合,对介质涂敷理想导体目标体的电磁散射进行分析,将其称之为EFIE-PMCHW-AMCBFM(E-P-AMCBFM)。并讨论不同参数如基函数阶数,矩阵块间重叠区域等对计算效率的影响,数值结果表明E-P-AMCBFM对于处理介质-理想导体混合体的电磁散射问题具有较高的精度和效率。     

用场量迭代法分析三维介质目标的电磁散射

本文用场量迭代方法对三维电场积分方程进行数值求解,得到了给定电磁波照射下介质体内的场分布,并由此求得介质体外的散射场.从本文给出的几个算例看出,得到的解能较快收敛,并且避免了矩阵求逆运算,具有运算简便与速度快等优点。本文给出的薄板形介质的计算结果与现有文献的实验结果和计算结果进行了比较.证实了本文方法的正确性。     

用时域积分方程法计算介质目标的电磁散射

本文应用时域积分方程法计算介质目标的散射场，并以球体和带球帽的圆柱体为例给出了沿轴向入射平面波的电磁散射结果，与实际测试结果非常一致，值得指出的是，虽然本文给出的介质目标具有平面对称性，但该方法适用于任意形状的目标。     

金属介质混合目标散射分析的快速偶极子法

基于等效偶极矩法,该文利用快速偶极子法用于快速计算金属介质混合目标的电磁散射。通过分组技术和简单的泰勒级数展开,将远场组之间的矩阵向量积自然地转化为聚集-转移-发散的形式,实现了矩阵向量积的快速计算。另一方面,由于远场组之间的互阻抗元素不用存储,大大降低了内存消耗。在仿真分析中,为了进一步快速计算近场组中的互阻抗元素,还采用了等效偶极矩法。数值结果表明该方法具有较高的计算效率和令人满意的数值精度。     

TD‐CFIE Formulation for Transient Electromagnetic Scattering from 3‐D Dielectric Objects

In this paper, we present a time domain combined field integral equation formulation (TD‐CFIE) to analyze the transient electromagnetic response from dielectric objects. The solution method is based on the method of moments which involves separate spatial and temporal testing procedures. A set of the RWG functions is used for spatial expansion of the equivalent electric and magnetic current densities, and a combination of RWG and its orthogonal component is used for spatial testing. The time domain unknowns are approximated by a set of orthonormal basis functions derived from the Laguerre polynomials. These basis functions are also used for temporal testing. Use of this temporal expansion function characterizing the time variable makes it possible to handle the time derivative terms in the integral equation and decouples the space‐time continuum in an analytic fashion. Numerical results computed by the proposed formulation are compared with the solutions of the frequency domain combined field integral equation.     

Resonance Electromagnetic Absorption by Nonspherical Dielectric Objects

The extended boundary condition method (EBCM) is used to develop a theoretical solution for the internal fields of isotropic and homogeneous nonspherical dielectric objects. The formulation is particularly effective for resonance-sized bodies. The computational capabilities of the technique are demonstrated by presenting numerical calculations of absorption efficiency versus electrical size (ka) and internal-field distributions at resonance for a number of Iossy axisymmetric objects including spheres, spheroids, and a finite cylinder. The numerical limitations are discussed and a method is given which allows extension of the numerical technique to a larger class of problems.     

两媒质半空间复杂形体电磁散射

本文利用矢量波函数变换方法讨论了两媒质半空间的电磁散射问题，从Ｍａｘｗｅｌｌ方程出发，讨论了单矩法在三维复杂形体散射问题上的实施。并在数学球面上将内部区域的有限元解与外部区域矢量波函数变换的结果相匹配，从而得到复杂埋入体的电磁散射特性。作为检验和示例，本文计算了在平面波照射下自由空间导体球，埋入导体球，埋入介质覆盖钝锥等的散射场，其中一些结果与可供比较的经典解或其它算法的结果进行了比较，吻合较好。     

不规则物体电磁散射的分析

本文分析表面不规则物体电磁波的散射特性，采用程函近似计算了散射强度角分布，结果提示，表面不平度和散射程度局部最大值及后向散射增强效应密切相关。     

地下目标的瞬态电磁散射特性分析及成像

地下目标的瞬态电磁散射分析对于探测、检验及识别埋地目标，特别是冲击探地雷达的研究具有重要的理论和应用价值。本文用FDTD三维建模计算在收发天线作用下地下无限长管道的时域散射场，重点探讨适用于吸收土壤中凋落波的GPML吸收边界以及处理有耗色散媒质的(FD)^2TD算法，并利用所得数据进行成像分析。BP方法成像结果证明了整个模拟计算过程的正确性。     

介质体电磁散射分析中的等效偶极矩法

在介质体电磁散射分析中,提出了一种基于等效偶极矩法的快速矩阵生成技术。该方法以矩量法和RWG基函数为基础,将源点处的电(磁)流等效为电(磁)偶极子,因而阻抗矩阵元素可以认为是源点电(磁)偶极子所产生的近区场与场点电流基函数之间的相互作用。这样等效偶极矩法避免了格林函数二重积分,使得阻抗矩阵元素的生成速度明显提高。数值结果表明该方法有较高的计算效率和精度。     

基于直接采样法和子空间优化法的多介质目标混合逆散射成像方法

该文提出一种结合定性与定量成像方法优势的混合电磁场逆散射成像方法,并将该方法应用于重构多介质目标的电性能参数的空间分布信息。该混合成像方法首先利用基于直接采样法(Direct Sampling Method, DSM)的定性方法快速重构目标的感兴趣区域(Region Of Interesting, ROI)、目标形状及目标个数的先验信息。在此基础上,利用基于子空间优化定量方法结合该先验信息迭代修正目标的几何形状信息,并重构目标的电性能参数的空间分布。基于菲涅尔实验室实测散射场数据表示,该方法与子空间优化法SOM(Subspace-based Optimization Method)定量成像精度相比拟的情况下,极大地降低了定量方法的计算复杂度和提高算法收敛速度。     

相邻目标电磁散射特性的研究

本文研究了植被环境中相邻两目标的电磁散射问题.在互易原理的基础上,得到了计入相邻目标二次散射的散射场的积分表达式.推导得出了相邻有限长导体圆柱的二次散射场的闭式解,分析计算了其前向散射特性,并与矩量法的数值结果进行了比较.     

Calculations of Infrared Laser Beam Scattering from Rough Dielectric Objects

The coherent and incoherent scattering cross sections of Infrared Laser Gaussian beam scattering from arbitrarily shaped convex dielectric objects with rough surfaces are investigated by using plane wave spectrum method and physical optics approximation. In the paper, the infrared laser scattering cross sections of rough sphere are calculated at 10.6 μm , and the influence of the beam size, permittivity, and polarization as well as roughness parameters is analyzed numerically. When the beam size is much larger than the size of object, the results in the paper can reduce to those of an incident plane wave. On the other hand, for the case of roughness statistical parameter close to zero, only the forward scattering has a parent difference compared with the result of gaussian beam scattering from smooth sphere.     

手征材料涂覆导体目标电磁散射特性的PO分析

从Maxwell方程出发 ,推导出平面波照射下手征介质涂覆导体目标表面等效电磁流的一般表达式 ,并基于切平面近似 ,给出了计算手征介质涂覆导体目标电磁散射的物理光学 (PO)解。在此基础上 ,计算了T形结构及锥柱结构的散射特性 ,分析了手征材料参数对电磁散射的影响 ,得到了一些有益的结果。为电大尺寸手征介质涂覆导体目标电磁散射特性的快速估计提供了一种有效的手段     

基于阻抗边界条件建模的涂敷目标电磁散射分析

针对飞行器上常用的涂敷吸波材料结构开展电磁散射数值建模和散射特性分析。利用涂敷结构表面电磁场的阻抗边界条件,建立表面电流和表面磁流的新型积分方程形式,并利用快速算法进行求解。数值结果表明:该型积分方程在不增加额外计算量和存储量的条件下,显著改善了迭代求解收敛性,为复杂涂敷结构的电磁散射分析提供了快速、可靠的技术途径。     

非同轴多层介质椭圆柱体的电磁散射—任意方向斜入射电磁波

本文基于椭圆柱谐基函数展开，对非同轴任意多层介质椭圆柱体的电磁散射进行了严格地电磁场分析，利用Ｍａｔｈｉｅｕ函数及其加法定理，在各层边界面上进行场的匹配，获得了任意方面斜入射电磁波下电磁散射解析解。     

地下三维目标电磁散射特性研究

本文推出集总电阻加载圆柱形天线在时域有限差分（FD-TD）法中的计算公式。对Mur二阶吸收边界条件在三维FD-TD法计算中的稳定性进行了研究，提出保证Mur二阶吸收边界条件稳定所必须注意的问题。在集总电阻加载圆柱形天线激励下，对色激媒质中三维目标的瞬态电磁散射特性进行了计算和分析，并将部分计算结果与实验测试的结果进行了比较，二者具有比较好的一致性。研究了色散媒质和目标特性对目标回波信号的影响，并对有耗媒质中细导线型目标的瞬态散射机理进行了分析。     

A Novel Method to Analyze Electromagnetic Scattering of Complex Objects

The finite-difference time-domain (FD-TD) method is proposed as a means of accurately computing electromagnetic scattering by arbitrary-shaped extremely complex metal or dielectric objects excited by an external plane wave. In the proposed method, one first uses the FD-TD method to compute the near total fields within a rectangular volume which fully encloses the object. Then, an electromagnetic-field equivalence principle is invoked at a virtual surface of this rectangular volume to transform the tangential near scattered fields to the far field. To verify the feasibility of this method, the surface currents, near scattered fields, far scattered fields, and radar cross section of two canonical two-dimensional objects are presented. For these cases, it is shown that the FD-TD method provides magnitude of current and field predictions which are within ± 2.5 percent and further phase values within ± 30 of values predicted by the method of moments ( MOM) at virtually every point including in shadow regions.     

介质目标的太赫兹波近场散射特性计算

该文基于广义的Kirchhoff阻抗边界条件和物理光学法,对太赫兹频段介质体近场散射特性进行了研究,给出了介质体近场散射计算公式。针对在太赫兹频段由于波长较短引起的计算量大幅提升的问题,采用以面元为计算单位、以像素为遮挡判断单位的太赫兹频段介质体近场散射的快速计算方法,该方法在保证计算精度的基础上,大大降低了计算复杂度和时间。计算了圆柱体和鸭嘴形介质体在不同距离下的雷达散射截面,并且分析了电磁场与物体相互作用后,相位项在不同距离、不同频率下对介质体雷达散射截面的影响。     

Stabilization of Integral-Equation Formulations for the Accurate Solution of Scattering Problems Involving Low-Contrast Dielectric Objects

The solution of scattering problems involving low-contrast dielectric objects with three-dimensional arbitrary shapes is considered. Using the traditional forms of the surface integral equations, scattered fields cannot be calculated accurately if the contrast of the object is low. Therefore, we consider the stabilization of the formulations by extracting the nonradiating parts of the equivalent currents. We also investigate various types of stable formulations and show that accuracy can be improved systematically by eliminating the identity terms from the integral-equation kernels. Traditional and stable formulations are compared, not only for small scatterers but also for relatively large problems solved by employing the multilevel fast multipole algorithm. Stable and accurate solutions of dielectric contrasts as low as 10^-4 are demonstrated on problems involving more than 250000 unknowns.