超薄金属内衬复合材料压力容器的结构分析

采用有限元方法对超薄金属内衬复合材料压力容器结构进行分析。在分析中, 几何模型中的封头段考虑了复合材料铺放角度和厚度沿平行圆半径变化, 材料模型中的复合材料层和内衬层分别选用复合材料层合板理论和弹塑性理论进行分析, 二者之间的界面变形协调性及不可贯入性引入接触分析进行考虑。数值结果表明:在工作压力下, 容器复合材料层纵向应变均为拉应变, 环向存在部分压应变, 内衬层发生塑性变形; 卸载后, 容器的复合材料层处在拉应力状态, 内衬层处在压应力状态。在此基础上, 利用容器的简化模型, 根据内衬层最大变形点荷载位移曲线实现了容器内衬层局部屈曲模拟。容器水压应变测试和内衬局部屈曲观测结果与数值模拟结果吻合较好, 验证了本文中分析的可靠性。      

Delamination prediction of composite filament wound vessel with metal liner under low velocity impact

Based on low velocity impact kinetic theory and corresponding damage criterion for the composite laminated structures, a 3-D incompatible, geometrically nonlinear finite element method was employed to investigate the impact mechanical behavior of the composite filament cylindrical vessel with metal liner with and without internal pressure and predict their damage distributions during and after impact. A modified Hertzian contact law was used to calculate the contact force between the impact body and impacted cylindrical vessel and a direct integral scheme-Newmark method was applied in time domain during impact analysis process. The damage styles and damage distributions of a typical vessel under different impact velocities are presented. From the numerical results, it is clear that the impact damage extent for composite filament wound vessel with internal pressure is more sever than that without internal pressure under low velocity impact case with same kinetic energy.     

超薄金属内衬CFRP压力容器树脂体系固化动力学

应用动态差示扫描量热(DSC)方法对炭纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)压力容器树脂体系固化反应进行分析。树脂体系的活化能通过等转化率法获得, 假设反应机制服从自催化方程, 应用本文中提出的区间法建立了树脂体系固化动力学模型。通过固化过程中温度场实验可知, 针对具有超薄金属内衬复合材料压力容器树脂体系, 应用区间法建立的固化动力学模型的计算结果与实验结果吻合较好, 可以为具有超薄金属内衬的CFRP压力容器温度场、 残余应力场的数值模拟提供必要子模型。      

复合材料压力容器含凹陷内胆屈曲的有限元分析

提出了一种复合材料压力容器含凹陷金属内胆屈曲的三维有限元分析方法.基于平面应变假设,建立了含凹陷半圆环收缩屈曲分析模型,通过修改有限元模型中内胆的节点坐标,将内胆初始凹陷引入模型中,采用非线性迭代法逐步增大面内载荷,实现了含凹陷半圆环的收缩屈曲分析.在此基础上,建立复合材料压力容器含凹陷内胆的三维有限元分析模型,同时考...     

金属修补剂在压力容器堵漏中的应用

介绍金属修补剂在水冷螺杆式冷（热）水机组用压力容器堵漏中的应用及堵漏方法,为压力容器修补和堵漏提供参考。     

一种无焊缝连接金属内衬复合材料压力容器的制备工艺及其液压实验

纤维缠绕复合材料压力容器(COPV)由于其轻质高强及先漏后爆等特性在航空航天、路面交通和石油化工等领域得到广泛应用.基于纤维缠绕工艺的特点,提出了一种新型无焊缝连接金属内衬COPV结构及其制备工艺.并通过缠绕工艺及在封头直边设置密封槽,解决了内衬的封头与筒体之间的连续性和密封性问题.基于该结构的特点,一种辅助成型工装被...     

Fracture toughness and crack growth resistance of pressure vessel plate and weld metal steels

Compact tension specimens were used to measure the initiation fracture toughness and crack growth resistance of pressure vessel steel plates and submerged are weld metal. Plate test specimens were manufactured from four different casts of steel comprising: aluminium killed C-Mn-Mo-Cu and C-Mn steel and two silicon killed C-Mn steels. Weld metal test specimens were extracted from five weld joints of Unionmelt No. 2 weld metal. The welds were of double V butt geometry having either the C-Mn-Mo-Cu steel (three weld joints) or one particular silicon killed C-Mn steel (two weld joints) as parent plate. On the upper shelf, a multiple specimen test technique was used to obtain crack growth data which were analysed by simple linear regression to determine the crack growth resistance lines and to derive the initiation fracture toughness values for each test temperature. These regression lines were highly scattered with respect to temperature and it was very difficult to determine precisely the temperature dependence of the initiation fracture toughness and crack growth resistance. The data were re-analysed, using a multiple linear regression method, to obtain a relationship between the materials' crack growth resistance and toughness, and the principal independent variables (temperature, crack growth, weld joint code and strain ageing).     

Study of the beltline weld and base metal of WWER-440 first generation reactor pressure vessel

We present experimental results of the circumferential core weld SN0.1.4 and the base metal ring 0.3.1 of the reactor pressure vessel from the Unit 1 of the Greifswald WWER-440/230. The investigated trepans represent the irradiated–annealed– reirradiated (IAI) condition. The working program is focused on the characterization of the reactor pressure vessel steels through the reactor pressure vessel wall. The key part of the testing is aimed at the determination of the reference temperature T0 following the ASTM Test Standard E1921 to determine the fracture toughness in different thickness locations.     

Influences of shielded metal arc welded cruciform joint dimensions on toe crack failures of pressure vessel grade steels

A mathematical model has been developed to predict the fatigue life of Shielded Metal Arc Welded (SMAW) cruciform joints failing from toe region. High strength, quenched and tempered steel (ASTM 517 ‘F’ Grade) has been used as the base material throughout the investigation. Design of Experiments (DoE) concept has been used to optimise the required number of experiments. Fatigue experiments have been conducted in a mechanical resonance pulsator, under constant amplitude loading. The model has been developed by Response Surface Method (RSM). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) technique has been applied to find out the significant factors. By using the developed model, the fatigue life of shielded metal arc welded cruciform joints failing from toe region can be predicted at 95% confidence level. The influences of cruciform joint dimensions on fatigue life have been analysed in detail.     

Adhesion testing of glass-ceramic thick films on metal substrates

The adhesion of thick glass-ceramic films bonded to metal substrates was measured using five different tests: tensile delamination using a bonded stud, scratch testing, an interfacial shear test, indentation and a bend test. All the tests proved to have limitations, and no test gave a fully quantitative measure of adhesion. However, the different tests did rank the samples in the same order of adhesion strength. This indicates that although a fully quantitative method of testing the adhesion of thick films has not yet been developed, many of the published tests can be used to obtain qualitative data.     

Micromechanical modelling of reactor pressure vessel steel

Safe operation of nuclear power plants is one of the major concerns and relies primarily on the integrity of the reactor pressure vessel. Neutron exposure induces temperature dependent embrittlement and can lead to loss of fracture toughness of reactor pressure vessel steel. Conventional fracture mechanics suffers from a serious limitation of non-transferability of fracture data from specimen level to component level as fracture resistance data obtained is largely geometry dependant. This difficulty is largely overcome by Gurson–Tvegaard–Needleman (GTN) model which models the drop in load carrying capacity of a material with the increase in plastic strain, considering nucleation, growth and coalescence of micro-voids in the material. However, determination of the model-parameters with experiments is extremely difficult and doubtful. Hence, a parametric study was undertaken to find out the effects of different parameters on material behaviour of reactor pressure vessel steel and to asses the parameter for best practical result with least metallographic study using a hybrid approach. The model parameters were finally verified by predicting ductile fracture in compact tension and three point bend specimen made from reactor pressure vessel steel.     

Faraday rotation density measurements of optically thick alkali metal vapors

We investigate the measurement of alkali number densities using the Faraday rotation of linearly polarized light. We find that the alkali number density may be reliably extracted even in regimes of very high buffer gas pressure, and very high alkali number density. We have directly verified our results in potassium using absorption spectroscopy on the second resonance (4²S→5²P).     

压力容器快开门安全锁紧装置的设计

压力容器上使用快开门装置越来越普遍,如何使压力容器快开门关闭和压紧后,能自动锁紧且安全可靠,一直是一项技术难题.提出一种新的纯机械控制压力容器快开门安全锁紧装置,由压紧钩、连杆、摇杆、机架及锁紧气缸组成,其中压紧钩、连杆、摇杆和机架构成了四杆机构.在容器门盖快速关闭和压紧后,利用四杆机构中的连杆和摇杆“死点”位置来锁紧,“死点”位置再由锁紧气缸锁定.该装置是借助压紧时本身的能源来实现锁紧的,压紧钩与压紧块既可压紧又能锁紧,不仅结构简单、操作方便,而且锁紧性能稳定、可靠.     

纤维缠绕复合材料气瓶内衬的屈曲分析

为深入了解纤维缠绕复合材料气瓶的内衬屈曲情况,基于ANSYS有限元软件,运用数值模拟方法对纤维缠绕复合材料气瓶的金属内衬结构进行屈曲分析,建立了复合气瓶内衬结构的有限元模型,采用特征值法分析得出内衬1~10阶的屈曲模态,并利用非线性稳定法绘出内衬位移量随外压变化曲线.结果表明,计算得到的内衬临界失稳外压为0.199 MPa,与复合气瓶内衬外压试验结果相符合,证实了本文对于复合气瓶内衬屈曲分析的可靠性.