离子氮碳共渗中氮对化合物层的影响

研究了在离子氮碳共渗过程中氮对化合物层厚度的影响，同时对化合物层的微观组织结构和显微硬度进行了分析。结果表明：在离子氮碳共渗过程中，气氛中低氮势不利于ε相的生成，且渗层的显微硬度较低；高氮势有利于ε相的生成，同时提高了渗层的显微硬度；当氮势超过60％后对化合物层厚度影响不大。     

乙醇在空气／乙醇离子氮碳氧多元共渗中的作用

研究了40Cr钢在空气/乙醇离子氮碳氧多元共渗过程中乙醇对化合物层厚度的影响.利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和显微硬度计对化合物层的微观组织结构和显微硬度进行了分析.试验结果表明:在空气/乙醇离子氮碳氧多元共渗中,随着乙醇流量的增加,化合层厚度先增加再减少,最表面硬度先增加再减少,过量的碳抑制ε相的生成.     

离子氮碳共渗与离子渗氮复合处理对45钢组织与性能的影响

为进一步提高渗层厚度及渗层性能,对45钢进行离子氮碳共渗与离子渗氮复合处理。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计和光学显微镜对渗层厚度、物相组成、截面与表面硬度、渗层脆性进行了分析。结果表明,复合处理可使45钢获得比单一离子渗氮或离子氮碳共渗更快的渗速、更优的性能。相同的处理时间下,复合处理渗层厚度比单一离子渗氮或离子氮碳共渗大幅度增加,有效硬化层比单一离子渗氮增加约35μm,提高约1倍,同时渗层脆性显著降低。物相分析表明复合处理后化合物层中ε相和γ'相的相对含量发生了变化,即ε相增多,而γ′相减少。     

阴极溅射对35CrMo钢离子硫氮碳共渗层的影响

用氩离子对３５ＣｒＭｏ钢离子硫氮在碳共渗层进行了阴极溅射，通过金相观察，显微硬度测定，Ｘ射线衍射相结构分析，电子探针氮碳硫分布，分析了阴极溅射对离子硫碳共渗层的影响，结果表明，阴极溅使共渗层中ε相和γ′相减少，白亮层呈典型粒状晶形貌，沿渗层深度氮碳的分布变化，峰值下降，次表层氮碳含量增加，离子硫氮碳共渗与阴极溅射良好的匹配，可使共渗硬化效果显著，渗层厚度增加。     

45Cr钢氮气-甲烷离子氮碳共渗工艺研究

采用氮气-甲烷作为气源对40Cr钢进行离子氮碳共渗,研究了渗层的显微硬度分布、相组成以及耐磨性,结果表明:渗层由化合物层、扩散层和基体组成;表面渗层物相结构主要由氮(碳)ε化合物和Fe3C构成;试验电压600V时,渗层深度最大,但耐磨性最差;探讨了氮气-甲烷离子氮碳共渗机理.     

42CrMo钢离子氮碳氧多元共渗及动力学分析

以42CrMo钢为材料,通过在离子氮碳共渗过程中添加空气进行离子氮碳氧多元共渗。采用扫描电镜、光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪和显微硬度计对渗层形貌、渗层厚度、渗层物相和截面硬度进行分析。研究结果表明,在传统离子氮碳共渗过程中添加适量的空气具有显著的催渗效果,且以空气流量为0.3 L/min的效果最佳,截面硬度也得到大幅度提高。离子氮碳氧多元共渗中氮原子的扩散激活能从传统离子氮碳共渗的56.12 k J/mol降低到25.27 k J/mol。同时,对离子氮碳氧多元共渗的机理进行了分析。     

42CrMo钢离子氮碳氧多元共渗及动力学分析北大核心CSCD

以42CrMo钢为材料,通过在离子氮碳共渗过程中添加空气进行离子氮碳氧多元共渗。采用扫描电镜、光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪和显微硬度计对渗层形貌、渗层厚度、渗层物相和截面硬度进行分析。研究结果表明,在传统离子氮碳共渗过程中添加适量的空气具有显著的催渗效果,且以空气流量为0.3 L/min的效果最佳,截面硬度也得到大幅度提高。离子氮碳氧多元共渗中氮原子的扩散激活能从传统离子氮碳共渗的56.12 k J/mol降低到25.27 k J/mol。同时,对离子氮碳氧多元共渗的机理进行了分析。     

低温离子氮碳共渗温度对AerMet100钢摩擦学性能的影响

研究了不同温度对AerMet100钢渗氮层和氮碳共渗层的显微组织、表面硬度、渗层截面硬度梯度以及耐磨性的影响,并考察了渗层的磨损机理。结果表明,氮碳共渗层相较于渗氮层表面生成的化合物更加细小,表面更加平整光滑;离子渗氮、离子氮碳共渗处理都可显著提高AerMet100钢的表面硬度;随着温度的增加,共渗层厚度也明显增加;氮碳共渗层比渗氮层具有更低的摩擦因数,在共渗温度为480 ℃时氮碳共渗试样具有最低摩擦因数和磨损率,表现出最佳的耐磨性。渗氮层的磨损机理为氧化磨损和表面疲劳磨损,氮碳共渗层的磨损机理为氧化磨损、磨粒磨损以及表面疲劳磨损。     

Deganit气体氮碳共渗新技术的特点及其工艺效果

本文介绍了氮碳共渗新技术Degant的工艺特点，并介绍了在德国PIV公司的双室多用炉中所作的Deganit气体氮碳共渗试验。结果表明，Deganit新技术能获得较快的渗速，在化合物层中能获得单一的ε相，其工艺效果可以和盐浴氮碳共渗的效果媲美。     

冷却速度对等离子氮碳共渗化合物层组织结构的影响

0 前言 从本质上来说,氮碳共渗是一种提高低碳钢和低合金钢零部件耐磨性的工艺。它通过气体、盐浴或辉光放电的等离子体把碳和氮原子渗入工件的表面。获得的氮碳共渗层是由化合物层和扩散层组成。化合物层主要由ε-Fe_(2-3)(N,C)和γ＇-Fe_4(N,C)碳氮化铁的化合物组成,扩散层在碳钢中含有间隙固溶的组分,在合金钢中则有细小、弥散的合金氮化合物。 有文献指出,为了改善氮碳共渗后工件的耐磨性,尤其是抗磨粒磨损和粘着磨损性,化合物层应为单一的ε相。这种化合物     

Plasma post oxidation of nitrocarburized AISI 4140 steel

Plasma nitrocarburizing and plasma oxidizing treatments were performed to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of AISI 4140 steel.Plasma nitrocarburizing was conducted for 3 h at 570 ℃ in the nitrogen, hydrogen and methane atmosphere to produce the ε-Fe2-3(N,C) phase.It was found that the compound layer produced by plasma nitrocarburising was predominantly composed of ε-phase, with a small proportion of γ'-Fe4(N,C) phase.The thickness of the compound layer was about 10 μm and the diffusion layer was about 300 μm in thickness, respectively.Plasma post oxidation was performed on the nitrocarburized samples with various oxygen/hydrogen ratio at a constant temperature of 500 ℃ for 1 h.The very thin magnetite (Fe3O4) layer 1-2 μm in thickness on top of the compound layer was obtained by plasma post oxidation.It was confirmed that the corrosion characteristics of the nitrocarburized compound layer can be further improved by the application of the superficial magnetite layer.     

The influence of treatment time on plasma nitrocarburised compound layers for pure iron

Plasma nitrocarburising was carried out in a CO gas atmosphere with 3 mbar at 570°C for various times to investigate the effect of treatment time on the structure of the compound layer. The compound layers produced were composed of mainly the γ' phase for a slow cooled specimen and mixed γ'/ε phases for a fast cooled specimen during the initial stage. With the increasing of the treatment time up to 10 hours, the proportion of the ε phase relative to the γ' phase in the compound layer and the compound layer thickness were increased. When the treatment time was further increased to 30 hours, an anomalous phenomenon was observed: the ε phase was not stabilised and the compound layer thickness was decreased. It was found that the anomalous compound layer growth is associated with the removal of surface material by sputtering or the formation of oxynitride.     

Effect of furnace pressure on intensity of parts carburization in a gaseous atmosphere

Gas carburizing in an endothermal, controlled atmosphere with the addition of natural gas is the standard chernicothermal treatment. The efficiency of the process is determined by its duration (which must be minimal for a given thickness of the layer) and the stability of the characteristics of the diffusion layer (carbon content and thickness). This paper deals with the intensity of parts carburization at different furnace pressures.Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 2, pp. 11 – 12, February, 1995.     

4Cr5MoV1Si钢脉冲真空氮碳共渗工艺探讨

采用氨气加少量二氧化碳进行脉冲气体氮碳共渗，分析了在固定的共渗温度、时间和脉冲幅度下，不同的保压时间对4Cr5MoV1Si钢渗层的影响，以及渗后显微硬度分布。结果表明，在共渗温度时间一定的情况下，随着保压时间的延长，化合物层(白亮层)逐渐减少，直至消失，有效控制化合物层的厚度，满足材料的使用要求。     

钢含碳量对低温盐浴渗铬层的影响

通过 Q2 35钢、45钢、T1 0钢低温盐浴渗铬层的金相组织、相结构、厚度、铬浓度、显微硬度和耐蚀性的对比 ,表明碳含量越高 ,铬碳化合物层越厚 ,显微硬度越高 ,耐蚀性越好。     

Brittle fracture and elongation capacity of welded cruciform butt joints under monotonic loading. Brittle fracture with plastic strain in welded cruciform butt joints (1st Report)

A model of reactive diffusion of carbon from steel equipment into titanium and of the interaction of steel equipment with titanium with the formation of an intermetallic compound is proposed. It is shown that the thickness of the titanium carbide layer formed in this process is more than an order of magnitude smaller than the thickness of the intermetallic layer. A kinetic criterion of the growth of the carbide layer, explaining its absence in the context of titanium with equipment made of 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel, is determined. The models are verified by experiments.     

Thermochemical Treatment of Steel 20Kh with Cyclic Changes of Temperature

Results of a study of saturation of steel 20Kh with carbon in an endothermic atmosphere with an additive of natural gas and ammonia under the conditions of cyclic temperature changes within 900 650°C are presented. It is shown experimentally that it is possible to form martensite and martensite-carbide structures in the diffusion layer depending on the process parameters. The distribution of carbon over the thickness of the diffusion layer is calculated.     

Development of plasma nitrocarburizing and post-oxidation technology for the replacement of Cr<Superscript>6+</Superscript> plating for application to vehicle engine shafts

Plasma nitrocarburizing and post-oxidation treatments were performed to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of S45C steel. Plasma nitrocarburizing was conducted for 3 h at 570°C in a nitrogen, hydrogen and methane atmosphere to produce the ε-Fe₂₋₃(N,C) phase. It was found that the compound layer produced by plasma nitrocarburising was predominantly composed of the ∈-phase with traces of the γ′-Fe₄(N,C) phase. The thickness of the compound layer was approximately 12 μm and the diffusion layer was approximately 300 μm in thickness. Plasma post oxidation was performed on nitrocarburized samples with various oxygen/hydrogen ratios at a constant temperature of 500°C for 1 h. The very thin magnetite (Fe₃O₄) layer 1 μm to 2 μm in thickness on top of the compound layer was obtained by plasma post oxidation. It was also confirmed that further improvement of the corrosion characteristics of the nitrocarburized compound layer was possible with an application of the superficial magnetite layer. Finally, throttle valve shafts of S45C steel were treated under optimum plasma processing conditions. Accelerated life time test results using a throttle body assembled with a shaft treated by plasma nitrocarburising and post oxidation showed that plasma nitrocarburizing and plasma post-oxidation processes could be a viable technology in the very near future in place of Cr⁶ plating.     

利用Kelvin探针进行金属薄液层下电化学测量

利用线性回归法测Kelvin电位装置对铜,锌及碳钢进行了阴极极化曲线测试和腐蚀电位随相对湿度变化的监测结果表明阴极极限电流密度随液膜厚度的减小而增大金属腐蚀电位随相对湿度增加而下降.