一种改进的QAM载波恢复方法

文中提出了一种新的QAM载波恢复环路结构。在此结构中频率检测和相位检测同时进行,在鉴相阶段引入了改进的加权直接判决（MWDD）算法。经仿真实验验证此方法提高了整个载波恢复环路的捕获速度,并使载波环路的相位抖动有所减小,16-QAM载波环路最大可以捕获11%符号率的频偏。     

一种适合高阶QAM的快速载波恢复电路

设计了一种适合高阶QAM的快速载波恢复电路,用以实现QAM信号解调电路中的载波恢复功能,该电路由一锁定检测器控制载波恢复不同鉴频鉴相算法的切换,以适应载波恢复环路不同时刻要求;同时在鉴相阶段采用带加权的DD算法,从而获得快速的载波恢复性能.经仿真验证,采用载波恢复电路只需10 000个符号周期即可捕获达到10%符号率的频偏和30°的相偏.     

FSK Modulation Scheme for High-Speed Optical Transmission

In this paper,we describe the generation,detection,and performance of frequency-shift keying (FSK) for high-speed optical transmission and label switching.A non-return-to-zero (NRZ) FSK signal is generated by using two continuous-wave (CW) lasers,one Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM),and one Mach-Zehnder delay interferometer (MZDI).An RZ-FSK signal is generated by cascading a dual-arm MZM,which is driven by a sinusoidal voltage at half the bit rate.Demodulation can be achieved on 1 bit rate through one MZDI or an array waveguide grating (AWG) demultiplexer with balanced detection.We perform numerical simulation on two types of frequency modulation schemes using MZM or PM,and we determine the effect of frequency tone spacing (FTS) on the generated FSK signal.In the proposed scheme,a novel frequency modulation format has transmission advantages compared with traditional modulation formats such as RZ and differential phase-shift keying (DPSK),under varying dispersion management.The performance of an RZ-FSK signal in a 4 × 40 Gb/s WDM transmission system is discussed.We experiment on transparent wavelength conversion based on four-wave mixing (FWM) in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and in a highly nonlinear dispersion shifted fiber (HNDSF) for a 40 Gb/s RZ-FSK signal.The feasibility of all-optical signal processing of a high-speed RZ-FSK signal is confirmed.We also determine the receiver power penalty for the RZ-FSK signal after a 100 km standard single-mode fiber (SMF) transmission link with matching dispersion compensating fiber (DCF),under the post-compensation management scheme.Because the frequency modulation format is orthogonal to intensity modulation and vector modulation (polarization shift keying),it can be used in the context of the combined modulation format to decrease the data rate or enhance the symbol rate.It can also be used in orthogonal label-switching as the modulation format for the payload or the label.As an example,we propose a simple orthogonal optical label switching technique based on 40 Gb/s FSK payload and 2.5 Gb/s intensity modulated (IM) label.     

QAM全数字接收机载波相位恢复环路

本文着重研究全数字QAM接收机中载波恢复环路的设计，采用快慢两个数字环路来进行载波恢复，慢环路由锁频器（Frequency Detector)，锁频锁相器（Phase and Frequency Detector)等组成，快环路由相痊解旋器和锁相器（Phase Detector)组成，仿真结果表明，在AWGN条件下，两个环路的环路参数设置存在一个最佳点，当两个环路工作在这个最佳点附近时接收机能够很好的进行载波频率，相位的恢复，相位噪声对接收机性能的影响最小，最后，给出了在不同信噪比下的最佳环路参数表。     

16 QAM Modulation for High Capacity Digital Radio System

A computational method allowing the calculation of bit error rate in the presence of filtering and some other impairments is described for 16 QAM modulation; a breadboard working at a bit rate of 140 Mbits/s has been implemented and experimental results are compared with calculated values. The possible use of this modulation type for a high capacity digital radio-relay system is considered. Some parameters are introduced for this purpose, especially the net fade margin parameter. In the case of the 140 Mbit/s system in the 10.7-11.7 GHz frequency band, 4 PSK and 8 PSK modulation types are compared with 16 QAM. System gain, frequency arrangement, nodal capacity and outage performances are evaluated.     

Frequency Detectors for PLL Acquisition in Timing and Carrier Recovery

A significant problem in phase-locked loop (PLL) timing and carrier extraction is the initial acquisition. Very narrow loop bandwidths are generally required to control phase jitter, and acquisition may depend on an extremely accurate initial VCO frequency (VCXO) or sweeping. We describe two simply implemented frequency detectors which, when added to the traditional phase detector, can effect acquisition even with very small loop bandwidths and large initial frequency offsets. The first is the quadricorrelator, previously applied to timing recovery by Bellisio, while the second is new, and called a rotational frequency detector. The latter, while limited to lower frequencies and higher signal-to-noise ratios, is suitable for many applications and can be implemented with simpler circuitry.     

QAM调制解调系统中载波恢复算法的研究

本文首先介绍了QAM调制解调系统的基本原理框图，就解调中载波恢复的几种实现算法进行了讨论，软件仿真实现了4QAM（QPSK）的整个调制解调系统，并重点就载波恢复的几种算法进行了仿真比较，得出了相关结论。     

采用16QAM的GSM/EDGE调制技术

分析了GSM/EDGE信号的8PSK调制方案,在兼容现有GSM/EDGE系统、不改变该系统发送和接收滤波器的基础上,将GSM/EDGE的8PSK调制方式改进为16QAM调制方式,使得在相同的信噪比情况下,每时隙数据速率达到91.2 kbit/s,比现有的EDGE系统每时隙传68.4 kbit/s的传输速率多22.8 kbit,从而提高了数据传输速率,进一步改善了GSM/EDGE系统性能.     

基于RC-DD算法的QAM载波恢复方法设计

提出将扫频算法与简化星座图算法(RC-DD)相结合应用于QAM载波恢复中.介绍了新算法的基本原理、载波恢复方法的结构.仿真结果显示,该方法性能可靠,捕获速度快,稳定度好,精度高且捕获频偏可达符号速率级.可以在较宽的范围内快速、准确地恢复载波.     

基于扫频算法的QAM载波恢复技术研究

针对QAM调制解调方案,探讨一种行而有效的载波恢复技术.扫频算法具有极大的频偏捕获能力,在扫频算法的基础上结合面向判决算法,实现了对载波大范围内频偏的捕捉和跟踪;改进了扫频门限的设定方法,使得在各种QAM制式下该算法都具有快速的频偏捕捉能力.Matlab仿真结果表明,该方法性能可靠,频偏捕捉范围可达5%符号率,适用于高...     

Improved LDPC Algorithm Based on 16QAM Modulation System

对QAM调制系统进行分析,提出了一种简化状态软输入软输出APP算法.它基于LDPC和积算法思想,与其他简化状态SISO算法相比,具有更为一般的形式.该算法在解调输出时有效利用映射点之间的欧氏距离,计算出每一个编码比特的似然值,从而简化运算复杂度,并且利用判决反馈减小简化状态网格的Euclid距离损失.仿真表明,该方案能够有效利用QAM解调中的软输出,在高斯信道下,简化的译码算法比原有LDPC方案提高了0.25 dB增益.     

一种全数字QAM接收机符号定时和载波相位恢复方案

本文提出的全数字ＱＡＭ接收机同步系统的实现方案，将最大平均功率定时同步算法与最大似然载波相位恢复方法相结合，实现了符号定时的同步和载波相位的恢复，整个算法构成一个数字信号处理过程，将符号定时、载波相位和符号解调最佳问题的三维搜索分解为符号定时和载波相位最佳估计的一维搜索，在实现同步的同时也得到符号的最佳解调。算法在定时和相位估计过程中分别采用局部并行前向结构，运算速度快，不需要专门设计同步头就能用于ＴＤＡＭ突发模式。     

适用于QAM信号的载波同步与均衡实现

载波同步和均衡是正交幅度调制(QAM)解调器中的2个重要组成部分。提出了一种适用于QAM信号的载波同步与自适应均衡的联合结构,载波同步采用通用环,均衡器采用基于CMA和LMS算法的DFE结构。使用CMA算法进行初步收敛,载波同步后,均衡器转到LMS算法,保证了良好的稳态跟踪性能。通过对算法的简化,减少了硬件资源。该方案载波捕获范围超过40 kHz,完全满足侦察接收机的需要。     

基于SIMULINK的16QAM基带调制系统性能仿真

移动通信的物理层采用的调制方式主要有BPSK、QPSK、16PSK、16QAM等自适应数字调制解调技术。本文通过对信源产生的数字信号,经过16QAM调制解调方式对信号进行调制。通过对误码率的测试比较,来分析16QAM调制解调方式的性能。     

基于锁相环的2FSK电路的设计及实现

调制器是通信系统中发射机的重要组成部分,可以由此获得调频信号。其中基于锁相环的调制器,所获得调频信号,其载频稳定度很高,可以达到晶体振荡器的频率稳定度。该方法的优点是集成度高且功耗低,所需硬件少。基于国家半导体的锁相环芯片LMX2326,设计了实际应用电路,实现了数字信号的频率调制,得到很好的效果,具有实际的工程意义。     

基于双PLL的大频偏直扩信号的载波跟踪

针对直接序列扩频通信中的载波恢复问题,提出了一种基于自适应算法设计的双PLL载波跟踪方法.该方法采用两个PLL,一个用来产生由频偏引起的相偏,另一个则用来跟踪接收到的扩频信号载波的相偏.在高动态环境下,应用此环路可以迅速地捕获到存在大频偏的调制载波信号的相位.双PLL中所使用的LPF和NCO均可通过软件编程来实现其功能,而且环路中所使用的参数可以通过计算机仿真来调整.仿真结果表明,该方法有良好的跟踪效果.     

FPGA Implementation of Carrier Synchronization for QAM Receivers

Software defined radios (SDR) are highly configurable hardware platforms that provide the technology for realizing the rapidly expanding third (and future) generation digital wireless communication infrastructure. While there are a number of silicon alternatives available for implementing the various functions in a SDR, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are an attractive option for many of these tasks for reasons of performance, power consumption and flexibility. Amongst the more complex tasks performed in a high data rate wireless system is synchronization. This paper examines carrier synchronization in SDRs using FPGA based signal processors. We provide a tutorial style overview of carrier recovery techniques for QPSK and QAM modulation schemes and report on the design and FPGA implementation of a carrier recovery loop for a 16-QAM modern. Two design alternatives are presented to highlight the rich design space accessible using configurable logic. The FPGA device utilization and performance for a carrier recovery circuit using a look-up table approach and CORDIC arithmetic are presented. The simulation and FPGA implementation process using a recent system level design tool called System Generator for DSP described.     

16QAM通信系统的Matlab仿真实现

介绍了利用计算机仿真工具Matlab,构建完整的16QAM通信系统的实现方法。重点介绍了基于全数字化解调算法的定时同步和载波同步模块的实现过程及仿真结果。     

Performance Limitations of Subcarrier Multiplexed WDM Signal Transmissions Using QAM Modulation

We theoretically investigate the performance limitations of subcarrier multiplexed (SCM) wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) systems using optical double-sideband (DSB) modulated, 16-quadrature amplitude-modulated (QAM) signals. The performance limitations are investigated using crosstalk power and SCM channel spacing for various transmission conditions, including impairment factors such as dispersion and fiber nonlinearities for a single wavelength channel first. The effects of WDM channel spacing on SCM systems with multiwavelength channels are also evaluated via the calculated bit error rate (BER) performance, based on the performance limitations found in the single-wavelength simulation. This enables us to provide guidelines for the design of SCM/WDM systems for fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) network in WDM–passive optical network (PON) architecture, based on the performance limitations.      

Carrier Phase Recovery Scheme for a Low-Frequency Vestigial Sideband Video Transmission System

A vestigial sideband system seems attractive for transmitting video signals over media of limited bandwidth. Linearity constraints in the unavoidable intermediate equalizers (repeaters) limit the level of the transmitted carrier to such an extent that envelope detection is precluded. In a proposed video system the transmitted signal includes a partially suppressed carrier and an out-of-band pilot tone. At the receiver a voltage of the exact carrier frequency is regenerated from this pilot tone. But synchronous detection of a video signal requires the exact phase of the incoming carrier as well. Distortion considerations limit the width of the guard bands around the partially suppressed carrier to such an extent that conventional filtering cannot be used to retrieve its phase. A special type of a phase-locked loop which adjusts the phase of the locally generated carrier to that of the incoming partially suppressed one was therefore designed and tested. Design considerations, circuit diagrams and test results for this circuit are presented here. Subjective tests have demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed system for transmitting a video signal of 1-MHz bandwidth over a repeatered twisted pair.