碳纳米管膜在空气净化领域的研究进展

系统介绍了碳纳米管膜的研究现状,分析了采用化学气相沉积法实现碳纳米管在直径、长度上可控制备的关键因素,探讨了不同类型碳纳米管膜的制备方法,总结了膜在超细颗粒物过滤、油烟分离、微生物去除、有害气体降解等空气净化方面的应用,展示了碳纳米管基膜在多功能空气净化中的应用前景.最后探讨了碳纳米管膜目前研究存在的问题,并对未来发展方向进行了展望.     

新型一维材料--单壁碳纳米管的制备和应用研究

本文简要综述了单壁碳纳米管的最新进展.主要介绍了最近两年单壁碳纳米管的制备技术发展情况,包括电弧放电,化学气相沉淀,激光蒸发和太阳能方法.展望了其在储氢材料,纳米电子器件等领域的应用前景.讨论了影响单壁碳纳米管制备及实际应用的几个关键因素.提出了单壁碳纳米管的发展方向.     

特定手性单壁碳纳米管的可控生长

单壁碳纳米管具有优异的电学、光学、热学、力学等性能,可能成为未来纳米器件的支撑材料之一。实现碳纳米管的结构可控生长制备依然面临着严峻的挑战。其中手性控制是单壁碳纳米管可控制备的最大挑战,它的实现标志着直径、壁数、手性角及导电属性等的可控制备。以特定手性单壁碳纳米管的可控生长为中心,分别综述了利用化学气相沉积法在粉体生长与表面生长两方面实现手性可控生长的研究进展,并在此基础上总结出基本思路,为实现单一手性碳纳米管的可控制备奠定基础。     

碳纳米管/导电高分子功能复合材料的合成与应用

碳纳米管/导电高分子复合材料由其优异的电学特性引起了研究者的广泛关注,主要总结了国内学者在碳纳米管表面修饰技术的基本原理;碳纳米管/导电高分子复合材料的合成方法;碳纳米管/导电高分子复合材料的电学相关应用的研究动态,展望了碳纳米管/导电高分子复合材料的可控合成与功能性应用之间的定量构效关系,针对制备高性能的碳纳米管/导电高分子复合材料提出了建议。     

新型一维材料—单壁碳纳米管的制备和应用研究

本文简要综述了单壁碳纳米管的最新进展。主要介绍了最近两年单壁碳纳米管的制备技术发展情况,包括电弧放电,化学气相沉淀,激光蒸发和太阳能方法。展望了其在储氢材料,纳米电子器件等领域的应用前景。讨论了影响单壁碳纳米管制备及实际应用的几个关键因素。提出了单壁碳纳米管的发展方向。     

浅谈石墨烯的宏量制备

石墨烯宏量制备对推动石墨烯工业的发展具有非常重要的意义。本文围绕石墨烯宏量制备的现状、存在的问题以及未来的发展趋势进行了总结,并对石墨烯宏量制备的发展前景进行展望。     

流化床反应器内碳纳米管流态化技术的研究进展

碳纳米管作为一种战略新型碳材料以其独有的高强度、高导热、高导电等诸多优异性能，可应用于航空、电子器件、新能源汽车等国防军事及民生领域，而限制其广泛应用主要受制于高质高产制备。流化床反应器作为制备碳纳米管的核心部件，研究其内碳纳米管制备过程的流态化技术已愈发重要。综述了从碳纳米管的制备技术、生长机理及操作条件对其制备过程的影响到不同流化床内碳纳米管的流态化研究等这一系列围绕宏量制备碳纳米管的技术，提出了反应器内碳纳米管流态化特性研究中存在及未解决的问题，为将来更详细深入地研究碳纳米管的流态化技术提供了指导与方向。     

基于碳纳米管的纳滤膜研究进展

碳纳米管具有原子级光滑的内表面及纳米尺寸的孔道结构,应用于纳滤膜有望获得极高的输运速率和选择性.在综合分析几种典型碳纳米管纳滤膜(巴基纸纳滤膜、无序碳纳米管/聚合物混合滤膜和垂直排列碳纳米管复合滤膜)的制备、过滤性能及优缺点的基础上,提出垂直排列碳纳米管复合滤膜有利于充分发挥碳纳米管自身的优势,代表了该领域未来的发展方向.     

超支化聚合物/碳纳米管复合物的制备及流变性能研究进展

简述了聚合物/碳纳米管复合物的制备方法,超支化聚合物改性碳纳米管及其制备纳米复合材料的方法,进一步就超支化聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料在流变性能方面的研究进行了综述,并对超支化聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料未来的发展方向提出了几点建议。     

我科学家攻克单壁碳纳米管结构可控制备关键技术

正由于各国科学家一直未能找到让碳纳米管结构可控生长的制备方法,碳基电子学发展和电子技术的实际应用受到了极大制约。26日从北京大学传来喜讯,该校李彦教授课题组借助一种自主研制的新型钨基合金催化剂,研究出单壁碳纳米管结构可控制备方法。单壁碳纳米管,可看作是由石墨烯沿一定方向卷曲而成的空心圆柱体。根据卷曲方式(通常称为"手性")的不同,可以是金属性导体或带隙不同的半导体。实践证明,这是碳纳米管的一个独特而优异     

Nanocrystals: Solution-based synthesis and applications as nanocatalysts

Nanocrystals are emerging as key materials due to their novel shape- and size-dependent chemical and physical properties that differ drastically from their bulk counterparts. The main challenges in this field remain rationally controlled synthesis and large scale production. This article reviews recent progress in our laboratory related to solution-based synthesis of various nanostructures, including zero-dimensional (0-D) nanocrystals, 1-D nanowires and nanorods, hollow structures, and superlattice materials. On the other hand, the essential goal for nanoresearchers is to achieve industrial applications of nanostructured materials. In the past decades, these fascinating materials have been widely used in many promising fields such as nanofabrication, nanodevices, nanobiology, and nanocatalysis. Herein, we focus on their applications as nanocatalysts and try to illustrate the main problems and future directions in this area based on our recent endeavors in catalytic applications of nanocrystals. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com     

Carbon nanomaterials: controlled growth and field-effect transistor biosensors

Carbon nanostructures, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene, have been studied extensively due to their special structures, excellent electrical properties and high chemical stability. With the development of nanotechnology and nanoscience, various methods have been developed to synthesize CNTs/graphene and to assemble them into microelectronic/sensor devices. In this review, we mainly demonstrate the latest progress in synthesis of CNTs and graphene and their applications in field-effect transistors (FETs) for biological sensors.     

Recent Advances in Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Two‐Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanosheets

During recent decades, a giant leap in the development of nanotechnology has been witnessed. Numerous nanomaterials with different dimensions and unprecedented features have been developed and provided unimaginably wide scope to solve the challenging problems in biomedicine, such as cancer diagnosis and therapy. Recently, two‐dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) nanosheets (NSs), including MoS₂, WS₂, and etc., have emerged as novel inorganic graphene analogues and attracted tremendous attention due to their unique structures and distinctive properties, and opened up great opportunities for biomedical applications, including ultrasensitive biosensing, biological imaging, drug delivery, cancer therapy, and antibacterial treatment. A comprehensive overview of different synthetic methods of ultrathin 2D TMDC NSs and their state‐of‐the‐art biomedical applications, especially those that have appeared in the past few years, is presented. At the end of this review, the future opportunities and challenges for 2D TMDC NSs in biomedicine are also discussed.     

碳纳米管合成进展

自碳纳米管发现以来,其独特的结构与性能以及潜在的应用前景受到广泛的关注.已发展了多种合成技术.从原料、催化、工艺条件、产物形态等方面对重要的合成技术进行了系统的评述,介绍了国内外合成方面的研究现状和面临的挑战,同时提出了一些关于大量有效合成碳纳米管的建议.     

Recent developments in inorganically filled carbon nanotubes: successes and challenges

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a unique class of nanomaterials that can be imagined as rolled graphene sheets. The inner hollow of a CNT provides an extremely small, one-dimensional space for storage of materials. In the last decade, enormous effort has been spent to produce filled CNTs that combine the properties of both the host CNT and the guest filling material. CNTs filled with various inorganic materials such as metals, alloys, semiconductors and insulators have been obtained using different synthesis approaches including capillary filling and chemical vapor deposition. Recently, several potential applications have emerged for these materials, such as the measurement of temperature at the nanoscale, nano-spot welding, and the storage and delivery of extremely small quantities of materials. A clear distinction between this class of materials and other nanostructures is the existence of an enormous interfacial area between the CNT and the filling matter. Theoretical investigations have shown that the lattice mismatch and strong exchange interaction of CNTs with the guest material across the interface should result in reordering of the guest crystal structure and passivation of the surface dangling bonds and thus yielding new and interesting physical properties. Despite preliminary successes, there remain many challenges in realizing applications of CNTs filled with inorganic materials, such as a comprehensive understanding of their growth and physical properties and control of their structural parameters. In this article, we overview research on filled CNT nanomaterials with special emphasis on recent progress and key achievements. We also discuss the future scope and the key challenges emerging out of a decade of intensive research on these fascinating materials.     

超临界流体状态下无机材料的合成

超临界流体技术主要应用于工业萃取和超细粉体制备，近二十年来，由于超临界状态下的化学反应具有反应温度低，反应速度快，转化率和产物的选择性高等特点引起研究者们的广泛重视。主要介绍了超临界水、胺、氨、乙醇、异丙醇、二氧化碳作为合成无机材料反应介质的理论研究现状及主要成果。     

25th Anniversary Article: Semiconductor Nanowires – Synthesis,Characterization, and Applications

Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) have been studied extensively for over two decades for their novel electronic, photonic, thermal, electrochemical and mechanical properties. This comprehensive review article summarizes major advances in the synthesis, characterization, and application of these materials in the past decade. Developments in the understanding of the fundamental principles of “bottom‐up” growth mechanisms are presented, with an emphasis on rational control of the morphology, stoichiometry, and crystal structure of the materials. This is followed by a discussion of the application of nanowires in i) electronic, ii) sensor, iii) photonic, iv) thermoelectric, v) photovoltaic, vi) photoelectrochemical, vii) battery, viii) mechanical, and ix) biological applications. Throughout the discussion, a detailed explanation of the unique properties associated with the one‐dimensional nanowire geometry will be presented, and the benefits of these properties for the various applications will be highlighted. The review concludes with a brief perspective on future research directions, and remaining barriers which must be overcome for the successful commercial application of these technologies.     

Recent progress in synthesis,properties and potential applications of SiC nanomaterials

As nanotechnology rapidly advanced over the past decades, a variety of nanomaterials have been developed and studied. Among them, SiC nanomaterials have recently attracted increasing attention for their demonstrated unique chemical and physical properties as well as wide potential applications. This article provides a comprehensive review of the recent progress on the synthesis, novel properties, and applications of SiC nanomaterials. It begins with the introduction of various techniques used for the rational design and synthesis of SiC nanomaterials, with an emphasis on vapor-based and solution-based methods. Discussion is then made on the mechanical, luminescent, electrical, thermal, and wetting properties of SiC nanomaterials as well as the characterizations that reveal them. Thereafter, various intriguing applications particularly in composites, field emitters, field effect transistors, sensors, nanoelectromechanical devices, catalyst, supercapacitors, bioimaging probes and microwave absorbers are highlighted. Finally, this review is concluded with an outlook of future research on SiC nanomaterials, major challenges to be met and possible solutions.     

Nonspherical Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Colloid‐Chemical Synthesis and Morphology Control

Metal nanoparticles have been the subject of widespread research over the past two decades. In recent years, noble metals have been the focus of numerous studies involving synthesis, characterization, and applications. Synthesis of an impressive range of noble metal nanoparticles with varied morphologies has been reported. Researchers have made a great progress in learning how to engineer materials on a nanometer length scale that has led to the understanding of the fundamental size‐ and shape‐dependent properties of matter and to devising of new applications. In this article, we review the recent progress in the colloid‐chemical synthesis of nonspherical nanoparticles of a few important noble metals (mainly Ag, Au, Pd, and Pt), highlighting the factors that influence the particle morphology and discussing the mechanisms behind the nonspherical shape evolution. The article attempts to present a thorough discussion of the basic principles as well as state‐of‐the‐art morphology control in noble metal nanoparticles.     

碳纳米管/磁性纳米粒子复合技术的研究进展

碳纳米管作为一种新型准一维功能材料已成为物理、化学和材料科学等领域的研究热点.由于缺乏微观上的加工处理方法,碳纳米管的应用受到一定程度的限制.磁性纳米材料由于其特殊的物理化学性质在存储器、传感器和环境保护等方面得到了广泛的应用.将磁性纳米粒子与碳纳米管复合不但可以使碳纳米管功能化改性,而且还可通过复合纳米管对磁场的响应对其进行加工处理.综述了碳纳米管与磁性粒子复合的制备技术,并展望了磁性复合碳纳米管的应用及其前景.