一维多级轴流压气机性能的解析优化

用一维理论对轴流压气机的初步设计作进一步的研究，导出了多级轴流压气机特性关系，建立了在给定轴向分速时最优化设计的数学模型，得到了解析关系，所得结论具有一定的普适性，对多级轴流压气机的初步设计有一定的指导作用。     

给定通流部分形状时多级轴流压气机效率优化

用一维理论对轴流压气机的初步设计作进一步的研究。导出了多级轴流压气机特性关系，建立了在给定通流部分形状时最优化设计的数学模型，得到了解析关系，并以某三级压气机为例进行了数值计算，所得结论具有一定的普适性，对多级轴流压气机的初步设计有一定的指导作用。     

多级轴流压气机一维性能预测程序开发及应用

为了实现对轴流压气机气动性能的准确预测,基于平均流线法建立了多级轴流压气机一维气动性能预测方法,编制了相应的Matlab程序,该方法允许针对不同类型压气机选择适用的经验模型。通过计算得到了某四级亚音速轴流压气机和某八级高速轴流压气机的气动性能,对比分析发现,一维性能预测结果与实验/三维CFD模拟结果吻合较好,效率与压比计算偏差均保持在较小范围内,预测结果精度较高。为进一步提高压气机气动性能预测的准确性,发展了一种经验模型自动校准方法,采用该方法对选取的四级亚音速轴流压气机和八级高速轴流压气机模型进行校准,校准后对各转速下气动性能的预测精度均有所提高。研究工作表明,所建立的多级轴流压气机一维气动性能预测方法以及模型自动校准方法具有一定的准确性和可靠性。     

多级轴流压气机气动设计体系的国内外研究进展

轴流压气机设计体系对压气机的设计周期和性能有着重要影响。为了能够更好地了解轴流压气机设计体系的发展情况,本文对其进行了整理综述。首先,结合轴流压气机涉及到的设计方法,对国内外轴流压气机设计的发展过程进行了介绍,主要包括一维二维设计体系、准三维设计体系和全三维流场计算模拟技术;然后,在整理完整设计体系要求的基础上,简述了国内外现有比较完整的轴流压气机设计体系。就目前发展来看,随着工程要求的不断提高以及计算机技术的提升,全三维流场计算模拟技术势必会成为今后的发展焦点,各公司和研究机构也在此基础上对原有的设计体系开展技术攻关。     

高速轴流压气机二维特性计算

采用二维流线曲率法数值模型,建立了适应于高速轴流压气机的落后角和损失模型,对某跨声速轴流压气机转子的非设计工况点进行计算,并与实验结果进行了对比。结果表明,该方法具有较好的计算精度,可为轴流压气机设计和优化提供参考。     

某重型燃气轮机17级轴流压气机特性预估计算研究

以某重型燃气轮机用17级轴流压气机为研究对象,建立了一种可用于多级轴流压气机特性预估的损失和落后角模型.运用流线曲率法计算得到了不同转速下的压气机特性变化曲线.并将其与全三维数值模拟结果进行了对比,验证了该模型在大流量多级轴流压气机特性预估方面的有效性.通过对设计点各级加工量、总压升分布以及各叶排落后角、效率沿径向分布的对比,验证了该模型在计算大流量多级轴流压气机设计点各级性能参数分布以及各叶排气动参数分布方面的可靠性.     

跨声速轴流压气机非设计点特性计算

基于公开发表的研究成果,发展了一种适用于跨声速轴流压气机的损失和落后角模型,采用流线曲率法对某单级跨声速轴流压气机进行了数值模拟,得到了展向参数分布和全工况下的性能曲线。通过与实验值的比较,验证了该方法和模型在跨声速轴流压气机非设计点性能预测中的有效性。     

基于试验数据的轴流压气机喘振边界经验预估方法

从压气机特性计算统计法的基本思想出发,对多台轴流压气机喘振试验数据进行了整理分析,总结了同类型压气机喘振边界上参数变化的一般规律,在此基础上,将压气机设计转速下的喘振参数与其非设计转速下的喘振参数进行相互关联,提出了一种基于试验数据的轴流压气机喘振边界经验预估方法.通过与试验结果的详细对比.表明本文所建立的经验方法能够...     

带可调进口导叶的多级轴流压气机非设计点性能计算

多级轴流压气机为保证非设计转速下的性能,通常采用进口导叶(IGV)以及静叶可调的扩稳方法。为获得可靠的进口导叶性能以用于压气机初步设计和扩稳方案的初步筛选,基于Banjac和Petrovic等提出的IGV损失和落后角模型与平均中径计算相结合,开发了带有IGV的多级轴流压气机性能分析工具。选用E3压气机作为算例进行计算分析,结果表明,所选用的IGV模型在较大开度内具有较好的精度和有效性。研究结果可以为多级轴流压气机初步设计和扩稳方案确定提供参考。     

两级压气机数值模拟及性能分析

为了深入了解某多级轴流压气机的中间两级的内部流场及气动性能,为进一步的优化设计提供数据支持,利用商用软件Numeca对其进行了全三维数值模拟及详细的气动性能评估和流场分析。结果表明:该两级压气机具有良好的气动特性。     

Optimized efficiency axial-flow compressor

A preliminary design efficiency-optimization of an axial-flow compressor, using one-dimensional flow theory, is studied in this paper. A model for the optimum design of a compressor stage, assuming a fixed distribution of axial velocities, is presented. The absolute inlet and exit angles of the rotor are taken as design variables. Analytical relations between the isentropic efficiency and the flow coefficient, the work coefficient, the flow angles and the degree of reaction of the compressor stage are obtained. The results are universal and can be extended to the optimal design of a multi-stage compressor. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effects of various parameters on the optimal performance of the compressor stage.     

Effects of axial non-uniform tip clearances on aerodynamic performance of a transonic axial compressor

This paper presents a numerical investigation of effects of axial non-uniform tip clearances on the aerodynamic performance of a transonic axial compressor rotor （NASA Rotor 37）. The three-dimensional steady flow field within the rotor passage was simulated with the datum tip clearance of 0.356 mm at the design wheel speed of 17188.7 rpm. The simulation results are well consistent with the measurement results, which verified the numeri- cal method. Then the three-dimensional steady flow field within the rotor passage was simulated respectively with different axial non-uniform tip clearances. The calculation results showed that optimal axial non-uniform tip clearances could improve the compressor performance, while the efficiency and the pressure ratio of the com- pressor were increased. The flow mechanism is that the axial non-uniform tip clearance can weaken the tip leak- age vortex, blow down low-energy fluids in boundary layers and reduce both flow blockage and tip loss.     

出口测量探针布局对轴流压气机气动性能试验的影响研究

为了研究出口测量探针布局(探针数量及所处轴向位置)对压气机气动性能试验的影响,针对含测量探针的三级轴流压气机开展全周非定常数值计算。结果表明：出口测量探针将改变上游的流场结构,在末级叶片进出口截面对应探针的周向位置处形成局部高总压区和气流角偏移区,该区域覆盖有3～4个叶栅通道;随着探针与末级叶片轴向距离增加,高总压区的强度减弱,但作用范围增加;增加出口探针数量并未明显改善压气机试验性能评估精度,与无探针条件下的压气机性能相比,压比偏高0.6%,效率绝对值偏高1.8%;为减少试验中基于探针测点得到的压气机性能试验误差,不仅需考虑探针对测量截面流场的影响,更应根据测量截面流场不均匀性合理布局探针。     

The effect of variable stator on performance of a highly loaded tandem axial flow compressor stage

Increasing the aerodynamic load on compressor blades helps to obtain a higher pressure ratio in lower rotational speeds.Considering the high aerodynamic load effects and structural concerns in the design process,it is possible to obtain higher pressure ratios compared to conventional compressors.However,it must be noted that imposing higher aerodynamic loads results in higher loss coefficients and deteriorates the overall performance.To avoid the loss increase,the boundary layer quality must be studied carefully over the blade suction surface.Employment of advanced shaped airfoils (like CDAs),slotted blades or other boundary layer control methods has helped the designers to use higher aerodynamic loads on compressor blades.Tandem cascade is a passive boundary layer control method,which is based on using the flow momentum to control the boundary layer on the suction surface and also to avoid the probable separation caused by higher aerodynamic loads.In fact,the front pressure side flow momentum helps to compensate the positive pressure gradient over the aft blade's suction side.Also,in comparison to the single blade stators,tandem variable stators have more degrees of freedom,and this issue increases the possibility of finding enhanced conditions in the compressor off-design performance.In the current study,a 3D design procedure for an axial flow tandem compressor stage has been applied to design a highly loaded stage.Following,this design is numerically investigated using a CFD code and the stage characteristic map is reported.Also,the effect of various stator stagger angles on the compressor performance and especially on the compressor surge margin has been discussed.To validate the CFD method,another known compressor stage is presented and its performance is numerically investigated and the results are compared with available experimental results.     

Effects of suction side squealer tip on the performance of a low-speed axial compressor

This paper presents the investigation of the effects of suction side squealer tip on the performance of an axial compressor.The experiment is carried out in a single-stage large-scale low-speed compressor.The investigated tip geometries include flat tip as the baseline and suction side squealer tip.The tip clearance of the baseline is 0.5% of the blade span.The static pressure rise characteristic curves of both the rotor and the stage are measured.The flow field at the exit of the rotor is measured by a 5-hole probe under design and off-design conditions.The static pressure on the endwall of the rotor passage is also obtained.The results show that the pressure rise characteristic curves obtained by measuring the pressure on the end wall are almost unchanged by using the suction side squealer tip.The measuring results of the 5-hole probe show the static pressure and the total pressure in tip region is slightly greater than that of the flat tip at the design condition at the exit of the rotor.It also leads to greater av-eraged static pressure rise and total pressure.At the near stall condition,the averaged static pressure and total pressure is lower than the baseline which is related to the redistribution of the blade load caused by the suction side squealer tip.     

A similitude method and the corresponding blade design of a low-speed large-scale axial compressor rotor

A similitude method to model the tip clearance flow in a high-speed compressor with a low-speed model is presented in this paper. The first step of this method is the derivation of similarity criteria for tip clearance flow, on the basis of an inviscid model of tip clearance flow. The aerodynamic parameters needed for the model design are then obtained from a numerical simulation of the target high-speed compressor rotor. According to the aerodynamic and geometric parameters of the target compressor rotor, a large-scale low-speed rotor blade is designed with an inverse blade design program. In order to validate the similitude method, the features of tip clearance flow in the low-speed model compressor are compared with the ones in the high-speed compressor at both design and small flow rate points. It is found that not only the trajectory of the tip leakage vortex but also the interface between the tip leakage flow and the incoming main flow in the high-speed compressor match well with that of its low speed model. These results validate the effectiveness of the similitude method for the tip clearance flow proposed in this paper.     

间隙变化对轴流压气机转子近失速工况叶顶流场的影响研究

为研究间隙变化对轴流压气机转子近失速工况下叶顶流场结构的影响,以轴流压气机转子Rotor37为研究对象,对其叶顶流场进行定常和非定常的数值模拟。计算结果表明：随着叶顶间隙的减小,压气机的总压比和等熵效率均有所提高,稳定运行范围扩大;2倍设计间隙下,叶尖泄漏涡经激波作用后发生膨胀破碎,堵塞来流通道,诱发压气机堵塞失速;0.5倍设计间隙下,吸力面流动分离加剧,发生回流,部分回流与来流在压力面前缘上游发生干涉,进口堵塞加剧,致使部分来流从前缘溢出,导致压气机叶尖失速;不同间隙下压气机失速过程的主导因素不同,大间隙下失速由叶尖泄漏涡破碎的非定常波动引起,小间隙下失速主要由流动分离引发的周期性前缘溢流所主导。