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乳酸菌胞外多糖的生理功能及其在食品中的应用 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
本文概述了乳酸菌胞外多糖的生理功能、生理活性的研究现状,介绍了乳酸菌胞外多糖在酸奶、干酪等产品上的应用及最新研究进展,展望了乳酸菌胞外多糖的研究开发前景和方向。 相似文献
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乳酸菌是食品工业中应用广泛的一类益生菌,其生长代谢过程中会产生次级代谢物——胞外多糖(EPS)。胞外多糖因其安全性高、天然无毒副作用,以及丰富的生物活性(如抗氧化活性、免疫活性、抗炎活性等)等特点而受到广泛的关注和研究。乳酸菌胞外多糖产生受很多因素(如碳源、氮源、pH等)影响,导致其结构也多种多样。该文综述了常见的乳酸菌胞外多糖、合成途径及影响其合成的因素,归纳了乳酸菌胞外多糖的生物活性,及其在食品和医药等领域的应用,并总结了其目前存在的问题及未来发展的方向,旨在为乳酸菌EPS的研究与生产应用提供指导。 相似文献
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目的:以四川红原、西藏羊八井地区传统牦牛酸乳中分离出的57株乳酸菌作为实验菌种,筛选出高产胞外多糖乳酸菌。方法:通过菌落拉丝法、硫酸-苯酚法的测定。结果:实验菌株胞外多糖产量在19.9591.08μg/m L之间,其中菌株代号为32-2、67-1、41-1和27的胞外多糖产量较高,分别为91.08、89.76、87.22、87.40μg/m L。通过16S r DNA序列同源性鉴定表明代号32-2菌株鉴定为屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecium)、代号67-1菌株为肠膜明串株菌肠膜亚种(Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp.mesenteroides)、代号41-1菌株为干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei)、代号27菌株为肠膜明串珠菌(Leuconostoc mesenteroides)。结论:为研究具有提高酸乳品质能力的发酵菌株提供依据。 相似文献
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通过对10株产Nisin乳酸菌株和10株产LAB EPS乳酸菌株进行培养、筛选和测定,筛选出3株高产Nisin的乳酸菌株和3株高产LABEPS的乳酸菌株,进而对3株高产LAB EPS乳酸菌株和3株高产Nisin乳酸菌株进行复合发酵试验,最终筛选出可共生的高产Nisin乳酸菌株和高产LAB EPS乳酸菌株各1株。 相似文献
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Assessment of potential probiotic properties of Lactobacillus spp., Lactococcus spp., and Pediococcus spp. strains isolated from kefir 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this study, the metabolic activities (in terms of quantities of the produced lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and exopolysaccharides) of 8 strains of Lactobacillus spp., Lactococcus spp., and Pediococcus spp., were determined. Lactic acid levels produced by strains were 8.1 to 17.4 mg/L. The L. acidophilus Z1L strain produced the maximum amount (3.18 μg/mL) of hydrogen peroxide. The exopolysaccharides (EPS) production by the strains was ranged between 173 and 378 mg/L. The susceptibility of 7 different antibiotics against these strains was also tested. All strains were found to be sensitive to ampicillin. The tolerance of the strains to low pH, their resistance to bile salts of strains, and their abilities to autoaggregate and coaggregate with Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 were also evaluated. High EPS-producing strains showed significant autoaggregation and coaggregation ability with test bacteria (P < 0.01). A correlation also was determined between EPS production and acid-bile tolerance (P < 0.05). EPS production possibly affects or is involved in acid-bile tolerance and aggregation of Lactobacillus spp., Lactococcus spp., and Pediococcus spp. strains and supports the potential of L. acidophilus Z1L strain as new probiotic. 相似文献
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以分离自贵州侗族、苗族传统发酵食品的36株乳酸菌为受试菌,筛选出8株高产胞外多糖(膜截留分子质量为8 000~14 000 u)的乳酸菌,分别为SR2-1(Pediococcus sp. F3S1)、SR2-2(Pediococcus pentosaceus NGRI 0304)、SR3-2(Pediococcus pentosaceus LB-WC)、SR8(Lactobacillus kimchi)、SR10-2(Pediococcus sp. 22-4)、SR12-1(Lactobacillus graminis)、H1(Staphylococcus sp. 3034O2)和XS2(Pediococcus pentosaceus GS17),并对其胞外多糖进行体外抗氧化特性研究。结果显示,8株乳酸菌的胞外多糖均具有抗氧化活性,其中胞外多糖质量浓度为30 μg/mL时,乳酸菌SR2-2、SR8和SR12-1的胞外多糖对Fe2+的清除率分别为15.55%、12.41%、53.21%;胞外多糖质量浓度为40 μg/mL时,乳酸菌SR2-2、SR8和SR12-1的胞外多糖对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH·)和NO2-的清除率分别达9.69%、11.93%、8.93%及5.73%、7.82%、3.82%。这三株乳酸菌显示出一定的抗氧化活性。 相似文献
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乳酸菌胞外多糖是一种天然的高分子聚合物, 具有诸多功能特性, 如改善发酵乳的质构特性及对人体
的多种健康作用等。许多学者对乳酸菌胞外多糖的结构和功能特性及其构效关系进行了广泛而深入的研究。
本文综述了有关乳酸菌胞外多糖的种类、化学组成、结构和功能等方面的研究进展, 以期为乳酸菌胞外多糖及相关功能食品的进一步研究开发提供参考。 相似文献
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乳酸菌胞外多糖的流变学特性和分子结构修饰 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
乳酸菌胞外多糖在乳品加工中具有重要作用。在发酵过程中,胞外多糖的形成有利于改善产品的流变学特性,并赋予产品优良的感官特性和营养保健性能。不同的乳酸菌在胞外多糖的产量、化学组成、分子量、带电情况和侧链分支等方面具有很大差异。通过对胞外多糖进行分子结构修饰,可以优化其功能特性,并获得具有特定用途的食品改良剂。有些乳酸菌胞外多糖具有抗肿瘤和免疫调节活性,有益于人类健康;或者可能用作益生元,有益于胃肠道菌群微生态平衡。本文着重讨论乳酸菌胞外多糖的流变学特性和多糖的分子结构修饰,探讨胞外多糖结构与功能的关系。, 相似文献
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为了拓展产乳酸菌胞外多糖的来源,获得来源明确、产量稳定、具有优良生物学特性的乳酸菌胞外多糖。本研究从自制橘子发酵液中利用产黏菌落法分离筛选得到一株高产胞外多糖的乳酸菌,综合形态学观察及16S rDNA序列分析结果、API 50 CHL试验,对其进行鉴定,利用抗氧化及牛奶凝结试验研究了该乳酸菌胞外多糖的抗氧化及牛奶凝结等特性。结果表明,本研究获得了一株肠膜明串珠菌(Leuconostoc mesenteroides),该菌株16S rDNA序列片段长度为1444 bp,GenBank登录号为OM302141。菌株HDE1胞外多糖的总糖、蛋白质、糖醛酸含量分别为41.73%±1.74%、0.29%±0.03%和7.69%±0.42%。该胞外多糖在浓度为3 mg/mL时展现出良好的抗氧化活性,当胞外多糖浓度为5 mg/mL时DPPH自由基清除能力达到50.00%±0.05%,ABTS+自由基清除能力达到40.00%±0.02%,H2O2-自由基清除能力超过了50%,羟基自由基清除能力达到49.96%±0.03%,胞外多糖的总还原力为38.82%±0.09%。牛奶凝结研究结果表明,HDE1在36 h能够使添加3%(w/v)蔗糖的脱脂牛奶完全凝结。这些结果表明菌株HDE1胞外多糖具有良好的抗氧化和牛奶凝结特性,在食品、医药及益生领域展现出良好应用潜力。 相似文献
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ADSA Foundation Scholar Award: Possibilities and challenges of exopolysaccharide-producing lactic cultures in dairy foods 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hassan AN 《Journal of dairy science》2008,91(4):1282-1298
Exopolysaccharides (EPS) from lactic acid bacteria are a diverse group of polysaccharides exhibiting various functional properties. Two forms of EPS are produced by lactic acid bacteria: capsular and unattached. Capsular EPS does not cause ropiness nor does production of unattached EPS ensure ropiness. The functions of EPS in dairy products are not completely understood. This is for 2 main reasons: the major variations among exopolysaccharides even from the same group of micro-organisms, which makes it difficult to apply information from one EPS to others, and the lack of availability of techniques with the ability to observe the microstructure and distribution of the highly hydrated EPS in fermented dairy products. The introduction of relatively new microscopic techniques such as confocal scanning laser microscopy and cryo-scanning electron microscopy made it possible to directly observe the distribution of fully hydrated EPS in dairy products. Recently, EPS produced by nonropy strains have drawn the attention of the dairy industry. This is because of the ability of some nonropy strains to produce large capsular and unattached EPS that would improve the texture of dairy products without causing the undesirable slippery mouthfeel produced by the ropy strains. Factors affecting functions of EPS are their molecular characteristics and ability to interact with milk proteins. Studying the interaction between EPS and milk proteins is complex because EPS are gradually produced during fermentation, unlike polysaccharides added directly to milk to stabilize the fermented product. The concentration and possibly molecular characteristics of EPS and protein characteristics such as charge and hydrophobicity change during fermentation. Consequently, the interaction of EPS with proteins might also change during fermentation. Exopolysaccharides provide functions that benefit reduced-fat cheeses. They bind water and increase the moisture in the nonfat portion, interfere with protein-protein interactions and reduce the rigidity of the protein network, and increase viscosity of the serum phase. This review discusses the production of capsular EPS and their role in structure formation in fermented milk, the mechanism of ropiness formation, and applications of EPS-producing cultures in reduced-fat cheeses. 相似文献
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Deutsch SM Falentin H Dols-Lafargue M Lapointe G Roy D 《International journal of food microbiology》2008,125(3):252-258
In the dairy industry, exopolysaccharides (EPS) contribute to improving the texture and viscosity of cheese and yoghurt and also receive increasing attention because of their beneficial properties for health. For lactic acid bacteria, the production of EPS is well studied. However, for dairy propionibacteria the biosynthesis of EPS is poorly documented. A polysaccharide synthase-encoding gene was identified in the genome of Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii TL 34 (CIP 103027). This gene best aligns with Tts, the polysaccharide synthase gene of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 37 that is responsible for the production of a beta-glucan capsular polysaccharide. PCR amplification showed the presence of an internal fragment of this gene in twelve strains of P. freudenreichii subsp. shermanii with a ropy phenotype in YEL+ medium. The gene sequence is highly conserved, as less than 1% of nucleotides differed among the 10 strains containing the complete gtf gene. The same primers failed to detect the gene in Propionibacterium acidipropionici strain TL 47, which is known to excrete exopolysaccharides in milk. The presence of (1-->3, 1-->2)-beta-d-glucan capsule was demonstrated for 7 out of 12 strains by agglutination with a S. pneumoniae-type 37-specific antiserum. The presence of mRNA corresponding to the gene was detected by RT-PCR in three strains at both exponential and stationary growth phases. This work represents the first identification of a polysaccharide synthase gene of P. freudenreichii, and further studies will be undertaken to elucidate the role of capsular EPS. 相似文献