不同点火条件下无起爆药雷管实验

使用外径6.0mm、内径3.5mm,长度分别为30,25,20,15mm的钢内管,装填结晶PETN(太安)作为起爆元件代替起爆药,分别使用桥丝电引火头、塑料导爆管、半导体桥(SCB)点火。实验表明:在桥丝电引火头作用下,30,25mm钢内管装药密度分别为0.90¹.47g/cm1.47g/cm³、1.213、1.21¹.40g/cm1.40g/cm³;高能HGL点火药作用下,20mm钢内管装药密度为0.873;高能HGL点火药作用下,20mm钢内管装药密度为0.87¹.42g/cm1.42g/cm³,钢内管中结晶PETN能够实现燃烧转爆轰(DDT)。半导体桥点火使用RDX(黑索今)和PETN作为点火端装药可以使雷管发生爆轰。     

无起爆药雷管的发火可靠度

文中分析了国内外无起爆药雷管的现状，对比了有起爆药雷管与无起爆药雷管燃烧转爆轰过程的差别，提出了实现无起爆药雷管的基本原则，针对大量生产中出现的偶然瞎火，提出了一种用少量产品（例如２５发）检测和定量评估无起爆药雷管发火可靠度的方法。     

导爆管式无起爆药雷管装药条件的试验研究

使用外径？6.0 mm,内径？3.5 mm,长度分别为30 mm、25 mm、20 mm 的钢内管,装填结晶太安（PETN）作为起爆元件代替起爆药,利用硼系高能点火药点燃,研究导爆管式无起爆药雷管的装药条件。试验研究表明,30 mm 钢内管装药密度为0.88～1.45 g/ cm3,25 mm 钢内管装药密度为1.27～1.41g/ cm3,内管中 PETN 能够可靠地发生燃烧转爆轰（DDT）。在装药压力为3.06 MPa 时,内管 PETN 发生燃烧转爆轰的点火药极限药量为76 mg。     

非起爆药工业雷管的爆燃转爆轰（DDT）试验研究

文章对非起爆药工业雷管的爆轰过程进行了理论分析，以前人对炸药ＤＤＴ的研究作为基础，分析非起爆药工业雷管的ＤＤＴ过程，并对其ＤＤＴ过程的主要影响因素如施工药、过渡药和约束结构等分别进行了试验研究。根据试验和分析结果，提出了研制性能更可靠、结构更简单的非起爆药工业雷管的途径。     

简易飞片无起爆药雷管研究

文中介绍了简易飞片无起爆药雷管的设计原理和主要性能，叙述了飞片发生装置的结构和功能，得出用“飞片”和敏化黑索今可取代起爆药的结论。     

K·K无起爆药雷管侧向起爆导爆管可靠性研究

现行民爆器材中普遍使用的雷管是有起爆药雷管,K*K无起爆药雷管是在现有雷管基础上的一次创新.该文介绍了K*K无起爆药雷管的结构与传爆过程,测试了其点火延迟时间、侧向与轴向爆炸后能量输出情况,提出了作导爆管雷管使用时必须注意的一些问题.结果表明,与有起爆药雷管相比,无起爆药雷管轴向输出能量没有明显变化,侧向输出能量明显减少.K*K无起爆药雷管输出能量正向强于反向,爆破网络中无起爆药的导爆管雷管捆扎连接只可使用正向.     

对无起爆药雷管发展方向的探讨

文中对无起爆药雷管所存在的问题和发展方向提出看法，无起爆药雷管的发展应向高安全、无污染、低成本的方向努力。     

无起爆药雷管爆炸过程研究

文中论述了无起爆药灼热桥丝式雷管的ＤＤＴ传播过程，采用黑索今为雷管装药，以装药连续爆速测试获取雷管ＤＤＴ过程信息，８＃无起爆药雷管的引爆能低于＃６有起爆药工业雷管的引爆能。     

简易飞片式无起爆药雷管冲击波输出影响因素的探索

利用水下爆炸测试法在各因素下简易飞片式无起爆药雷管的冲击波峰值压力，并对飞片式无起爆药雷管的起爆在各因素下呈现的规律给予理论上的解释。     

无起爆药YE导爆管雷管

无起爆药ＹＥ导爆管雷管张春祥，潘留成南京理工大学（南京，２１００９４）前进化工厂（河南，４７１６３２）１引言无起爆药ＹＥ工业瞬发电雷管于１９９３年通过设计鉴定，并由国家专利局授予专利。其最大特点是用ＹＥ炸药代替起爆药。在此基础上我们又开展了ＹＥ炸药在...     

硼系高能点火药对太安燃烧转爆轰的影响

文章研究了硼系高能点火药对PETN燃烧转爆轰的影响.试验证明高能点火药剂BKF1在有外界加强约束的条件下,能够使装药压力小于13.8 MPa的PETN完全燃烧转爆轰;对改性后的BKF2进行PETN燃烧转爆轰试验,在相同条件下,BKF2使PETN燃烧转爆轰的概率远远大于BKF1 .     

Transformation characteristics of TiNi/TiNi alloys synthesized by explosive welding

Effects of severe deformation and heat treatment on the transformation behaviors of explosively welded duplex TiNi/TiNi shape memory alloys (SMAs) were investigated by the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The explosively welded duplex TiNi/TiNi plate of 0.7 mm in thickness was cold-rolled at room temperature to the extent of 60% reduction in thickness and then annealed at different temperatures (573–973 K) for different time (15 min–10 h). Low temperature (623–723 K) heat treatment led to amorphous crystallization. At higher temperature (873 K), the re-crystallization took place in the specimens. Analysis showed that the change of internal stresses is just the root cause of the change of transformation temperature. The relationships between the transformation behaviors and the heat treatment were discussed in the present report.     

齐齐哈尔华安化工有限责任公司粉状乳化炸药连续化生产线调试圆满成功

介绍了一种低爆速粉状乳化炸药制备方法,通过乳化、钢带冷却、固化、粉化的工艺流程,采用控制炸药粒度的方法得到1种低爆速炸药。该炸药外观为细颗粒状,粒度1.2～2.5mm、装药密度0.90～1.05 g/cm³。试验证明,该低爆速炸药具有雷管起爆感度,爆速2200～2700 m/s、猛度8～12 mm、传爆长度>12 m(装药直径32mm),储存期>6个月。该低爆速炸药生产工艺简单、爆速调节方便、安全性好,可满足特殊控制爆破的需要。     

多孔粒状混装铵油炸药爆炸性能试验研究

炸药性能直接影响到爆破的效果,为改善爆破效果,更好地利用炸药的爆炸能,通过现场试验测试混装按油炸药的爆速,得出现场混装铵油炸药最佳配比为柴油占5%,并在最佳配比的条件下,研究了混装按油炸药爆速随装药直径、装药密度及混合后存放时间的变化规律.结果表明,混装铵油炸药爆速随装药直径的增加而增大,当装药直径达到一定值后,爆速趋...     

Numerical investigation of hydrodynamics in liquid-solid circulating fluidized beds under different operating conditions

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was employed to investigate the hydrodynamics of the liquid–solid circulating fluidized bed (LSCFB). The numerical simulations of the flow in the LSCFB under different operating conditions, including different superficial liquid velocities, superficial solid velocities, particle densities and shapes, are carried out using the CFD model developed in the previous work. The numerical predictions show correct trends and good agreements with the experimental data. It is demonstrated that the radial non-uniformity and axial uniformity exist in the flow structures under different operating conditions. By increasing the superficial solid velocity, the average solids holdup and radial non-uniformity increase, while the opposite trends are observed by increasing the superficial liquid velocity. Besides, the solids holdup decreases with the decrease in the particle density. It is also observed that all the flow distributions in the radial and axial directions in LSCFBs are more uniform than those in GSCFBs.     

Classifier-ensemble incremental-learning procedure for nuclear transient identification at different operational conditions

An important requirement for the practical implementation of empirical diagnostic systems is the capability of classifying transients in all plant operational conditions. The present paper proposes an approach based on an ensemble of classifiers for incrementally learning transients under different operational conditions. New classifiers are added to the ensemble where transients occurring in new operational conditions are not satisfactorily classified. The construction of the ensemble is made by bagging; the base classifier is a supervised Fuzzy C Means (FCM) classifier whose outcomes are combined by majority voting. The incremental learning procedure is applied to the identification of simulated transients in the feedwater system of a Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) under different reactor power levels.     

Use of the small punch test to determine the ductile‐to‐brittle transition temperature of structural steels

The small punch test (SPT) consists in punching very small square specimens, measuring 10 × 10 mm² and 0.5‐mm thickness, until fracture using a 2.5‐mm‐diameter hemispherical punch. Different specimens of a structural steel were tested from room temperature to cryogenic temperatures in order to determine its ductile‐to‐brittle transition temperature (DBTT). The DBTT obtained in SPT (DBTT_STP) is much lower than the DBTT obtained by means of Charpy specimens (DBTT_CVN). The variation of the mechanical parameters calculated from the SPTs with temperature was also calculated and the operative fracture micromechanisms defined using a scanning electron microscope.