电子雷管近村庄爆破振动信号的小波分析

福建明溪兰圈采石场距村庄较近,为了最大限度地降低采石爆破振动对周围村庄的影响,采用电子雷管进行毫秒延时爆破,降振效果明显;并对电子雷管爆破振动进行监测,针对爆破振动信号具有非平稳随机的特性,利用小波变换分析技术,将爆破振动信号分解在不同的频率带上,获得爆破振动信号的细节信息,较好地反映了爆破振动信号的非平稳特性。     

小波分析在别矿爆破振动测试中的应用研究

为深入了解新疆别斯库都克露天煤矿爆破振动信号的特性,应用小波变换方法对监测所得的非平稳爆破振动信号进行了时频特征分析,获得了爆破振动信号小波多分辨率分析的各频带能量分布规律,给出了振动信号的细节特征,为爆破设计人员更好地指导爆破设计,进一步改善爆破效果及降低爆破振动效应提供一定参考。     

地铁隧道电子与非电子雷管爆破振动信号的HHT对比分析

运用HHT分析方法对深圳地铁7号线及北京地铁16号线的实测爆破振动信号进行分析,对比普通毫秒延时雷管和电子雷管在爆破振动强度、延时时间、时频特性和能量分布特征等方面的不同。结果表明:电子雷管应用于单孔连续起爆技术,能量利用率高,可以有效的减小爆破振动强度和振动持续时间,在降低了单段装药量的同时增加了循环进尺深度。普通毫秒雷管爆破产生的瞬时能量较大,在频带范围内的分布相对较广;电子雷管的瞬时能量相对较小,且在频带上分布多集中在中低频部分。利用HHT瞬时能量法可以有效识别普通毫秒雷管的实际延时时间,而电子雷管相邻段位间的延时间隔时间很小,爆炸应力波发生了复杂的叠加和干扰,识别出的突变峰值明显小于普通毫秒雷管的爆破。     

地铁隧道电子与非电子雷管爆破振动信号的HHT对比分析

运用HHT分析方法对深圳地铁7号线及北京地铁16号线的实测爆破振动信号进行分析,对比普通毫秒延时雷管和电子雷管在爆破振动强度、延时时间、时频特性和能量分布特征等方面的不同。结果表明:电子雷管应用于单孔连续起爆技术,能量利用率高,可以有效的减小爆破振动强度和振动持续时间,在降低了单段装药量的同时增加了循环进尺深度。普通毫秒雷管爆破产生的瞬时能量较大,在频带范围内的分布相对较广;电子雷管的瞬时能量相对较小,且在频带上分布多集中在中低频部分。利用HHT瞬时能量法可以有效识别普通毫秒雷管的实际延时时间,而电子雷管相邻段位间的延时间隔时间很小,爆炸应力波发生了复杂的叠加和干扰,识别出的突变峰值明显小于普通毫秒雷管的爆破。     

电子雷管和导爆管雷管起爆的振动信号时频特性对比

为了对比电子雷管和导爆管雷管两种起爆方式的爆破振动信号,开展了某露天采石矿两种雷管起爆的深孔爆破振动测试。基于小波分析方法和Matlab程序小波工具箱,对爆破振动信号按照频率划分为10个频带,分析各频带能量和峰值质点速度(peak partide velocity,PPV)的分布特征及随爆心距的变化。结果表明:采用电子雷管和导爆管雷管起爆时,90%的爆破振动能量分布在2~6频带（9.77~312.50 Hz）和2~7频带（9.77~625.00 Hz）,且PPV分布在3~4频带（19.53~78.13 Hz）和4~5频带（39.06~126.25 Hz）,即电子雷管起爆的爆破地震波能量和PPV均向低频带分布,且信号的PPV更小;中、高频带能量大小与段药量成正比,与爆心距成反比;各频带能量占比和PPV大小是反映爆破振动强度的重要指标,采用电子雷管能有效地减少爆破振动。     

电子雷管在紫金山金铜矿的应用

采用电子雷管与导爆管雷管在紫金山金铜矿进行工程爆破实验,通过对比分析大块率、铲装效率和根底数量等数据,证明了在露天开采中应用电子雷管可以降低大块率、提高铲装效率、改善爆破效果;通过监测电子雷管爆破振动,分析了延期时间对爆破振动的影响,发现延期时间不仅影响爆破振动峰值速度,而且决定爆破振动频率的大小和频率分布规律,并给出了实验条件下的较优爆破参数为孔间延期20 ms,排间延期73 ms。     

小波变换在蒙库铁矿爆破振动信号时频分析中的应用

爆破振动信号具有非平稳随机特性。利用小波变换分析技术,将爆破振动信号分解在不同的频率带上,得出爆破振动信号在不同频率范围内振动分量的时间变化规律,结合爆破振动信号的能量分布特征和功率谱波形,定性评价了爆破振动对边坡稳定性的影响程度。     

电子数码雷管在铁矿采场爆破中的应用研究

针对铁矿采场爆破出现的大块多,爆破振动对边坡影响较大的问题,采用电子数码雷管与某高精度导爆管雷管进行系列对比爆破试验研究,通过爆破振动监测和爆破效果考核,优化得到适合该矿的电子数码雷管最佳延时时间间隔,使得采场爆破效果得到改善,爆破振动明显降低,铲装效率有了较大提高。研究表明电子数码雷管在降振和改善爆破效果方面具有良好的应用与推广前景。     

露天矿电子雷管与普通雷管爆破振动对比试验研究

为研究电子雷管相比于普通塑料导爆管雷管在爆破振动控制方面的优势，在爆破参数以及岩体条件一致的情况下，开展了电子雷管起爆和普通雷管起爆的对比试验研究，结果表明：相同爆心距条件下，电子雷管的峰值质点振动速度比普通雷管的小，电子雷管的爆破振动主频比普通雷管的高，电子雷管爆破振动能量集中分布，主要分布于40～60 Hz和80～200 Hz频带，普通雷管爆破振动能量分布较电子雷管均匀，主要分布于低频频带。电子雷管不仅振动幅值小，且主频及能量占比高的频带均较普通雷管高，对保护建(构)筑物有利。     

电子数码雷管在铁矿采场爆破中的应用研究

针对铁矿采场爆破出现的大块多,爆破振动对边坡影响较大的问题,采用电子数码雷管与某高精度导爆管雷管进行系列对比爆破试验研究,通过爆破振动监测和爆破效果考核,优化得到适合该矿的电子数码雷管最佳延时时间间隔,使得采场爆破效果得到改善,爆破振动明显降低,铲装效率有了较大提高。研究表明电子数码雷管在降振和改善爆破效果方面具有良好的应用与推广前景。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.